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1、 Unit 1 Friendship Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2018·浙江) In 1812,the year Charles Dickens was born,there were 66 novels published in Britain.People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steam-powered printing

2、press was still in its early stages;the literacy(識字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors,often with something like “By a lady.”Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral or just plain bad. In 1870,when Dickens died,the world

3、mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.Removing him fro

4、m the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa. How did Dickens get to the top?For all the feelings readers attach to stories,literature is a numbers game,and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were pu

5、blished during the Victorian age,from 1837 to 1901;today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them.It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social,political and scientific progress.But it’

6、s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches,it is possible—and important for our own culture—to understan

7、d how he made himself a lasting one. 【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。狄更斯,英國偉大的作家。在其誕辰200周年紀念日到來之際,作者寫此文來紀念其在世界文學史上做出的卓越貢獻。 1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century? A.They were difficult to understand. B.They were popular among the rich. C.They were seen as nearly worthless. D

8、.They were written mostly by women. 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的最后一句“Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral or just plain bad.”可知,在當時,小說被認為是愚蠢的、不道德的或極壞的。也就是說,是毫無價值的。故選C項。 2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress 　　　.? A.his reputation in France B.his interest i

9、n modern art C.his success in publication D.his importance in literature 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.”可知,狄更斯的偉大是毋庸置疑的。下文與Mona Lisa做比較,正是為了強調(diào)其在文學史上的重要地位。故選D項。 3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To remember a great writer. B.To introduce

10、 an English novel. C.To encourage studies on culture. D.To promote values of the Victorian age. 答案A 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的最后一句“But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches...how he made himself a lasting one.”可知,作者寫這篇文章的目的是紀念偉大的作家狄更斯,故選A項。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2018·浙江杭州二模) Mariana was just leaving a do

11、ctor’s appointment last Wednesday.All of a sudden,she found herself in the middle of what felt like a 　1　 in a movie.Mariana had been returning to her office in downtown Ottawa when she heard a woman down the street yell that a man had 　2　 her wallet.? Sure enough,a man started running away from th

12、e scene of the 　3　—but not before Mariana could 　4　 after him.After running for two blocks,Mariana rounded the corner into an alleyway and found that the 　5　 had stopped running and had started to 　6　 instead.? “He came out from behind the dustbin and said in a very 　7　 tone,‘I’m sorry.I won’t do t

13、his anymore.Here is the 　8　.Just take it,take it,’” she told the local media.“So I took the wallet,and the woman 　9　 soon after.I gave it back to her and he stayed there,　10　 a lot.” Recognizing that the man was extremely 　11　,Mariana decided to take him to a 　12　 down the street and bought him a la

14、rge black coffee.? The man　13　 that he had come to the city with his friends from Toronto,but they had 　14　 him in Ottawa without any money.Mariana did her best to 　15　 the man before showing him how to get to the public library where he could seek help from the 　16　 workers on duty.She says that s

15、he 　17　 that the man gets the help that he needs,and she has no 　18　 about her actions from that day.? “You kill more flies with　19　 than you do with vinegar,” she said.“I wanted to show him some 　20　.It is a more powerful remedy (治療方法) to forgive and forget past crimes.”? 【語篇導讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。Mariana

16、在路上碰巧遇到一個男子偷了一位女士的錢包,她一路追趕,最后抓住了竊賊。但是Mariana并沒有報警,而是選擇通過寬恕感化的方式來幫助這個竊賊。她認為,同情才是寬恕諒解一個人所犯錯誤的最好方式。 1.A.song　　　　　　　　　　B.scene C.disaster D.party 答案B 解析根據(jù)下文可知,Mariana在路上遇到一個男子在偷錢包,這就好像是電影中的場景(scene)一樣。disaster“災難”。 2.A.checked B.returned C.stolen D.spotted 答案C 解析根據(jù)下文可知,一位女士在大聲喊叫說有人偷(stolen)了她的錢包

17、。check“檢查”;return“歸還”;spot“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。 3.A.crime B.accident C.match D.quarrel 答案A 解析緊接上文,男子偷了錢包后正在逃離犯罪(crime)現(xiàn)場。accident“事故”;match“比賽”;quarrel“爭吵”。 4.A.line up B.get on C.stand up D.take off 答案D 解析在男子開始逃跑之前,Mariana就已經(jīng)開始快速追趕(take off)了。take off“起飛;脫下”,此處意為“突然快速奔跑”。line up“排隊”;get on“上車”;stand up“站起來

18、”。 5.A.victim B.waiter C.burglar D.policeman 答案C 解析Mariana發(fā)現(xiàn)偷錢包的竊賊(burglar)已經(jīng)停止繼續(xù)逃跑了。victim“受害者”。 6.A.struggle B.cry C.flee D.pray 答案B 解析根據(jù)下文中的“I’m sorry.I won’t do this anymore.”可知,男子此時已經(jīng)意識到了自己的錯誤,故可推知,他開始哭(cry)了。struggle“拼搏,搏斗”;flee“逃跑”;pray“祈禱”。 7.A.guilty B.aggressive C.friendly D.inno

19、cent 答案A 解析男子已經(jīng)開始后悔,因此以一種愧疚的(guilty)語氣道歉。aggressive“侵犯的”;friendly“友好的”;innocent“無辜的”。 8.A.coffee B.ticket C.menu D.wallet 答案D 解析根據(jù)下文中的“So I took the wallet...”可知,男子歸還了偷來的錢包(wallet)。menu“菜單”。 9.A.left B.woke C.caught up D.broke down 答案C 解析根據(jù)下文中的“I gave it back to her...”可知,被偷錢包的女士很快就追趕(caug

20、ht up)上來了。break down“崩潰;出故障;分解”。 10.A.complaining B.apologizing C.suffering D.charging 答案B 解析根據(jù)上文可知,男子待在原地,不停地道歉(apologizing)。complain“抱怨”;suffer“遭受”;charge“控告,充電,要價”。 11.A.upset B.calm C.stubborn D.gentle 答案A 解析意識到男子因為悔恨而感到很苦惱(upset),Mariana決定要幫助他改過自新。calm“冷靜的”;stubborn“頑固的”;gentle“溫和的”。 1

21、2.A.shelter B.clinic C.station D.cafe 答案D 解析根據(jù)本句中的“coffee”可知,Mariana帶男子去咖啡店(cafe)買了一杯咖啡。shelter“庇護所”;clinic“診所”。 13.A.insisted B.announced C.explained D.promised 答案C 解析根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容可知,男子對Mariana解釋(explained)了前因后果。insist“堅持”;announce“宣布”;promise“承諾”。 14.A.reminded B.deserted C.teased D.arranged 答案

22、B 解析根據(jù)上下文可知,男子和朋友一起來渥太華,卻被朋友拋棄(deserted)了,且身無分文。remind“提醒,使……想起”;tease“嘲弄”;arrange“安排”。 15.A.comfort B.connect C.approach D.thank 答案A 解析Mariana對男子的遭遇深表同情,所以先是安撫(comfort)他的情緒。comfort“安慰”;connect“連接”;approach“接近,處理”。 16.A.retired B.skilled C.medical D.social 答案D 解析Mariana給男子指明方向,讓他向社會工作者(soci

23、al workers)尋求幫助。retired“退休的”;skilled“熟練的”;medical“醫(yī)療的”;social“社會的”。 17.A.suspects B.admits C.expects D.understands 答案C 解析Mariana真心想要幫助男子,當然期望(expects)他能得到幫助。suspect“懷疑”;admit“承認”。 18.A.debates B.regrets C.confidence D.worry 答案B 解析Mariana從此以后對她自己的行為從不后悔(regrets)。debate“爭辯”;confidence“信心”;worr

24、y“擔憂”。 19.A.honey B.wine C.poison D.glue 答案A 解析根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,Mariana通過寬恕,而不是懲罰的方式幫助男子改過自新。“寬恕”和“懲罰”此處對應的就是“honey”和“vinegar”。poison“毒藥”;glue“膠水”。 20.A.courage B.appreciation C.reflection D.sympathy 答案D 解析根據(jù)上文可知,Mariana通過表示同情(sympathy)來寬恕感化男子。courage“勇氣”;appreciation“欣賞,感激”;reflection“反映,沉思”。 Ⅲ.語篇

25、填空 Comparing with other people is necessary as well as 1.(benefit) to us.Firstly,our society needs competition,and only through comparison can we find the distance between us,2.　　　　　　 surely encourages us 3.　　　　　　(make) more efforts to catch up with others.Secondly,4.　　　　 is known to all,everyone h

26、as his own weaknesses and 5.　　　　(strong).If we are blind 6.　　　　　 it,we are like a snail crawling slowly alone without knowing what 7.　　　　　　(happen) around us.Thus,we are more likely to be left behind and 8.(rule) out of the fierce competition.Finally,it is a world of 9.　　　　　　(diverse),which guarante

27、es us a colorful life.It is a blessing to expose 10.　　　　　　 to such a world so that we can enjoy our life as well as our work.? 答案與解析 【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。與他人對比對我們來說是有必要的,也是很有益的,它會讓我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足,學會正確面對自己,并激勵我們勇往直前。 1.beneficial　考查形容詞。根據(jù)語境可知,與他人對比對我們來說是有必要的,也是很有益的。beneficial為benefit的形容詞形式。 2.which　考查非限制性定語從

28、句。關(guān)系代詞which引導非限制性定語從句,在從句中做主語,指代主句的內(nèi)容。 3.to make　考查非謂語動詞。encourage sb.to do sth.為固定搭配,意為“鼓勵某人做某事”。 4.as　考查非限制性定語從句。as is known to all為固定用法,意為“眾所周知”,as為關(guān)系代詞,在從句中做主語,as指代主句的內(nèi)容。 5.strengths　考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)語境可知,每個人都有自己的優(yōu)缺點。strength為可數(shù)名詞,意為“優(yōu)點”。根據(jù)常識可知,每個人的優(yōu)缺點不止一處,所以用復數(shù)形式。 6.to　考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知,如果我們對自己的缺點視而不見,那么

29、我們就像孤獨爬行的蝸牛一樣。be blind to為固定搭配,意為“對……視而不見”。 7.is happening　考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知,我們就像孤獨爬行的蝸牛一樣,不知道周圍正在發(fā)生的事情。此處表示正在發(fā)生的事情,所以用現(xiàn)在進行時。 8.ruled　考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知,如果那樣的話,我們就會被別人甩在后面,被排除在激烈的競爭之外。rule out意為“無法參加比賽,排除在外”,此處表示被動,用過去分詞形式。 9.diversity　考查名詞。根據(jù)語境可知,世界充滿了多樣性。diversity為diverse的名詞形式,意為“多樣性,差異”。 10.ourselves　考查反身

30、代詞。根據(jù)語境可知,我們能在這樣多彩的世界里生活和工作真是一種幸運。expose oneself to為固定搭配,意為“處在……狀況下,在……影響下”。 Ⅳ.應用文寫作 假設你是李華,你負責通過電子郵件告知芝加哥某中學的Tom 7名中國中學生將于11月27日利用1天時間參觀他們的學校。活動內(nèi)容包括: 1.參觀學生上課情況; 2.參觀學生課外活動情況和實驗室; 3.與教師和學生交流; 4.合影留念以留下美好回憶。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫; 3.參考詞匯:實驗室 lab;交流 exchange;回憶 recall ? ? ? ?

31、 ? ? ? 參考范文 Dear Tom, I’m glad to tell you that 7 Chinese middle school students will pay a visit to your school on November 27th. First,they’d prefer to sit in classes of Senior 2 to know about what you students do in class.Then,please show them around the school labs and the out-of-class activities.After that,they’d love to have a discussion with students and teachers to exchange ideas about study.The last but not least,they’d take photos to leave something worth recalling. Looking forward to meeting you at your school. Yours, Li Hua 7