《2020版高考英語(yǔ)新探究大一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 22 Environmental Protection知能演練 輕松闖關(guān)（含2019屆新題含解析）北師大版》由會(huì)員分享，可在線(xiàn)閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2020版高考英語(yǔ)新探究大一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 22 Environmental Protection知能演練 輕松闖關(guān)（含2019屆新題含解析）北師大版（19頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、Unit 22 Environmental Protection 課時(shí)練1　閱讀理解提速練 [學(xué)生用書(shū)P338(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))] 閱讀理解 A (2019·鄭州一中上學(xué)期入學(xué)摸底)If you’re on the hunt for something new and interesting to read, you have plenty of places to go. This week, we’re looking at four of the best book recommendation sites, based on your nominations(提名)．

2、Goodreads Goodreads is more than just a book recommendation site, although it excels at helping you find new books to read based on the ones you enjoy. You can build a virtual “shelf” of books you own or have already read, share your progress with the books you’re currently reading, rate the books

3、you’ve read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers. BookBub While BookBub isn’t strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you super－low cost books based on your interests every day. The service is free, and when you sign up, you tell BookBub what kinds of books you like to read. F

4、rom there, you’ll get an email from BookBub every day with book deals for that day. When we say “deal”， we mean it—many of BookBub’s titles are free entirely, $ 0.99, or just a couple of bucks. LibraryThing LibraryThing has been around for a long time and is still a great user－powered book rating,

5、 review, and recommendation site. The service calls itself the world’s largest book club, and that’s a lot like the overall feel. Once you sign up, you’ll be encouraged to start adding books you’ve read and leave reviews for them. Behind its book ratings and reviews though, LibraryThing is a powerfu

6、l tool to catalog and organize your entire book collection. Olmenta If you’re not interested in registering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle(麻煩), Olmenta can suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site. It’s

7、 a simple list of book covers that the service thinks you should read, and a few genres you can click on if you’re looking for something specific, like business, fiction, theatre, poetry, or nonfiction, among others. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　該文介紹了四個(gè)最佳書(shū)籍推薦網(wǎng)站。 1．Which of the following two book recommendation sites as

8、k you to rate and leave reviews? A．Goodreads and BookBub. B．BookBub and LibraryThing. C．LibraryThing and Olmenta. D．Goodreads and LibraryThing. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Goodreads部分的最后一句中的“rate the books you’ve read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers”和LibraryThing部分的最后一句中的“Behind its book rating

9、s and reviews though”可知，Goodreads和LibraryThing都要求讀者評(píng)價(jià)并留下書(shū)評(píng)，故選D。 2．Which book recommendation site can help you get super－low cost books? A．Goodreads. B．BookBub. C．LibraryThing. D．Olmenta. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BookBub部分的第一句“While BookBub isn’t strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you super

10、－low cost books based on your interests every day.”可知，BookBub這個(gè)網(wǎng)站可以幫助你得到超低價(jià)錢(qián)的書(shū)，故選B。 3．If you turn to Olmenta, you ________． A．need to pay more B．need to add your own books C．don’t need to sign up D．don’t need to look for something specific C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“If you’re not interested in regis

11、tering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle(麻煩)，Olmenta can suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site.”可推知，在Olmenta網(wǎng)站，你可省去注冊(cè)的麻煩，故選C。 B (2019·湖北八校高三聯(lián)考)We do not usually think about how our language works.Talkin

12、g is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works.When we do study our language, though, we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations.Words can mean so many different things.However, it turns out that the speaking situation

13、helps a lot in making language work. First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular.For example, the word “dog” can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream.It can also be used to discuss a neighbor’s dog.No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” an

14、d another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”．This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words.So, when you have a conversation with your neighbor, the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that s

15、ituation. The speaking situation also helps make language clearer.For example, the word “bank” has two possible meanings.It can mean “a place where people keep money”，but it can also mean “the side of a river”．So the sentence “I went to the bank” is not clear.It could mean I went to the side of the

16、 river or it could mean I went to the place where my money is kept.However, if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains, others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”． The things that speakers say may not always be clear.Sometimes the words are not very particul

17、ar, but the speaking situation can provide the meaning.Other times words may have many meanings.Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning.This extra knowledge from the situation is very important to understand language. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文講述了語(yǔ)境對(duì)語(yǔ)言的理解起著很大作用。 4．The passage is mainly about ________．

18、 A．the best time and place to talk to others B．how the speaking situation helps language work C．what to say in difficult situations D．how our language works B　解析：主旨大意題。本文講述了語(yǔ)境對(duì)語(yǔ)言的理解起著很大作用，故選B。 5．According to the passage, we can safely say that ________． A．the speaking situation does not aff

19、ect the meaning of words B．speaking is not very natural for most people C．the speaking situation is not important D．people often do not consider how talking works D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“We do not usually think about how our language works.Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do no

20、t often stop to consider how it actually works.”可知，故選D。 6．By using the example of the word “dog”， the writer wants to show that ________． A．a(chǎn) word may need to be explained in a conversation B．a(chǎn) word may have different meanings C．the speaking situation helps people understand the particular meani

21、ng of a word D．the meaning of words is not particular C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句話(huà)“First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular.”和下文的“For example”可知，下文正是用dog一詞舉例來(lái)論證第二段的第一句話(huà)，故選C。 7．According to the passage, we can know the meaning of the word “bank” by referring to ________． A．the time

22、 and the place where the conversation happens B．the occupation of the person who uses the word C．earlier or later parts of the conversation D．a(chǎn) reliable dictionary C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段所講，作者用bank一詞舉例說(shuō)明對(duì)話(huà)中這個(gè)詞之前或之后的部分決定了這個(gè)詞的含義，故選C。 C (2019·惠州高三第一次調(diào)研)I was selfish as a teenager. I usually spent my t

23、ime thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs. I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college. I let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination. This didn’t change even when I

24、went to college either. I studied hard but only to make my own life better. Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness. I married after graduation and decided to start a family. Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul

25、. Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people. In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me. Still, I didn’t give up on happiness. I knew that there mu

26、st be a way to find it. I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires. The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born. I got a bottle and held him in my arms. As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big,

27、 innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness. Carolyn Arends wrote: “The more people

28、you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講述作者由一個(gè)自私的人成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)心中對(duì)他人有愛(ài)的人，也明白了“愛(ài)他人即幸福”的道理。 8．Wh

29、at do we know about the author from the first paragraph? A．He often helped his brother with housework. B．He studied hard for his family. C．He put his own needs above others’． D．He was concerned about his family. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“l(fā)et my older brother do most of the work”“l(fā)et my mom and dad wor

30、ry about our bills and problems”“This didn’t change even when I went to college either. I studied hard but only to make my own life better.”和“it was only to increase my own happiness”的描述可推知，作者在青少年時(shí)期較為自私，行為處事總是只考慮自己，幾乎不為家人考慮，即他把自己的需要放在別人的需要之上。故選C項(xiàng)。 9．What did the author realize after he suffered in

31、life? A．Spoiled people can’t survive the hardship of life. B．Life is cruel to spoiled people. C．Spoiled people are never happy in life. D．Selfishness is helpful. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little s

32、ympathy for spoiled people.”可知，作者在經(jīng)歷了人生的失意后，終于發(fā)現(xiàn)生活對(duì)被寵壞的人是殘酷的。 10．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The author loved kids. B．The author often fed his baby. C．The author realized the importance of happiness. D．When caring for his baby, the author got inspired. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“As I was

33、feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness

34、.”可推知，作者在照料孩子的過(guò)程中領(lǐng)悟到了通往幸福的途徑。 11．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．Loving Others, a Way to Happiness B．The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets C．Help Others, Help Oneself D．Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your

35、 heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.’ So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.”的描述可推知，這篇文章的主旨是“愛(ài)他人即幸福”。 D (2019·湖北七市高三聯(lián)考)Modern humans have a hard time controlling their desire to eat. O

36、ften you eat not because you are hungry, but because you are affected by many other things. How much you eat is strongly affected by how much those around you eat. People eating alone eat least. People eating with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home. People dining in a party of

37、 four eat 75 percent more. Eating with overweight friends? You’ll eat more. Is your waitress overweight? You’ll eat more. A wide variety of food? You’ll eat more. Plates can decide how sweet dessert tastes. If people ate it off a paper plate, they’d say, “This is good.” If they ate it off a fancy s

38、ilver plate, they would say, “This is the greatest cake I’ve eaten in my entire life.” Your knowledge about what makes food good or bad also affects how much you eat. You tend to eat more when you think the food is good, and less when you think it is bad. So Grandma’s cookies always taste better

39、 than other cookies. “Good food” even has a “health halo(光環(huán)) effect”. If we’re eating something healthy, we feel that everything in that meal is healthy. Due to this, people often believe that a cheese cake with a salad has fewer calories(卡路里) than the cheese cake alone. That’s perhaps also why eati

40、ng organic(有機(jī)的) food might turn you into an annoying guy. Your brain may use anything that makes you feel good about your own morality to excuse your immoral behaviour. Food and hunger affect your judgment too. Hungry judges give more serious sentences. Kids who don’t eat breakfast behave worse

41、 than kids who eat their breakfast. People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要介紹了哪些因素會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們吃得更多。 12．What is mentioned as a cause of overeating? A．Suffering from great loneliness. B．B

42、eing served by a helpful waitress. C．Being treated to high quality food. D．Eating with many friends. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“People eating with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home.” 可知，和許多朋友一起吃飯是吃得多的一個(gè)原因，故D項(xiàng)正確。 13．According to the passage, an annoying person may be one who_______

43、_． A．finds any excuse for eating more B．is crazy about the quality of plates C．competes with others in making cookies D．teaches people to stick to morality A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容和第三段中的“That’s perhaps also...your immoral behaviour.” 可知，一個(gè)讓人討厭的人可能總會(huì)找到多吃的借口，故A項(xiàng)正確。 14．According to the passage, people

44、 are more likely to make a bad judgment when ________． A．they don’t feel hungry B．they aren’t overweight C．they have low blood sugar D．they know little about food C　解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and cont

45、rolling their unpleasant emotions.” 可知，低血糖的人比常人更難以集中注意力和控制自己的情緒，判斷力會(huì)更差，故C項(xiàng)正確。 15．What would be the best title for the passage? A．When Can’t We Go on a Diet? B．What Affects Eating? C．How to Make Good Food D．Where to Find Safe Food B　解析： 標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文的主題句是第一段的第二句“Often you eat not because you

46、are hungry, but because you are affected by many other things.”， 結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹影響吃飯的因素，故B項(xiàng)最能概括文章大意。 七選五 (2019·鄭州質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))Perhaps you have heard the expression “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” So when you want to do business in France, you have to get to know French culture, make marketing plans,

47、 and run your business by local laws. 1．________ The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to sh

48、ow every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country’s culture and language. The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look at the person in the eye. In social meetings with friends, kissing is common. Use first

49、names only after being invited to. 2.________ The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name. Dress well. 3.________ Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status. Always try to be tasteful and stylish. Women are adv

50、ised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing make－up is practiced widely by businesswomen. The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually consist of an appetizer, a main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two ho

51、urs. 4.________ Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate. 5.________ This may suggest that you find the food tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who makes an invitation always pay

52、s. A．Remember to be as polite as possible. B．This is a time for relationship building. C．Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname. D．Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food. E．Make an appointment with your business partner in advance. F．The French draw information about peo

53、ple based on their appearance. G．Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　任何人如果想在法國(guó)做生意，都要了解法國(guó)的文化，做到入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。 1．G　解析：根據(jù)本段后面的內(nèi)容可知，法國(guó)人為他們的語(yǔ)言感到驕傲，所以想在法國(guó)做生意，學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)是很重要的。G項(xiàng)“任何打算在法國(guó)做生意的人都應(yīng)該關(guān)注語(yǔ)言”與下文聯(lián)系緊密，故選G。 2．C　解析：結(jié)合空處前后的內(nèi)容可以看出，本段就名字的使用提出了建議，而與名字的使用相關(guān)的是C項(xiàng)“在姓之前使用先生或夫人”，

54、故選C。 3．F　解析：本段的中心句是第一句“Dress well.”，接著就服飾方面提出了一些建議，故空處應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)“法國(guó)人根據(jù)人們的外表來(lái)獲取信息”。 4．B　解析：根據(jù)本段第一句可知，法國(guó)人酷愛(ài)食物，在法國(guó)做生意時(shí)，共進(jìn)午餐是很常見(jiàn)的，且午餐用時(shí)多達(dá)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。那么，共進(jìn)午餐的時(shí)間也是建立關(guān)系的時(shí)間，B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故本題選B。 5．D　解析：本段就餐桌禮儀方面提出了建議。D項(xiàng)“在食物中加入鹽、胡椒粉或醬汁時(shí)要小心”與下一句“這可能表明你覺(jué)得飯菜沒(méi)味兒”銜接緊密，故本空選D。 課時(shí)練2　知識(shí)運(yùn)用板塊練 [學(xué)生用書(shū)P341(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))] 完形填空 (2019·西寧檢測(cè))Many

55、students often say that they don’t have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork. My __1__is often brief, “You have as much time as the president.” I usually carry on a bit about __2__twenty four hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that “not enough time” is not a(n)__3__explanation of __4__so

56、mething done. __5__in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors __6__saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “That’s irrelevant. __7__is important is the __8__of your work.”Since then I have had time to think carefully about the trick of “__9__”， and I have come to som

57、e __10__all relevant to the problem of how much time we have. If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, __11__，the matter of “time”， which we can think of __12__. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, as my professor suggested, it’s not how

58、 hard one works __13__the quality of the product that’s important. That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That __14__is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone’s office：“Don’t work harder.__15__．” There is a lot of sense in that idea. If you can’t get more t

59、ime, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of __16__time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means“homework”， the expression “work habit

60、s” should be read as “__17__ habits”． Then, as a smart student, you will __18__those skills that you use in study，__19__reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that __20__in all your studies. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了“工作和學(xué)習(xí)不要總是強(qiáng)調(diào)更勤奮，而應(yīng)當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)更聰明”這一觀(guān)點(diǎn)，指出應(yīng)當(dāng)提

61、高自己的工作質(zhì)量和工作效率，而不是一味強(qiáng)調(diào)“勤奮”。 1．A.question B．idea C．reply D．key C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“You have as much time as the president.”可知，該處回答了上文的疑問(wèn)；C項(xiàng)意為“回答”，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“問(wèn)題”，B項(xiàng)意為“想法”，D項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)鍵，答案”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 2．A.there being B．there are C．there be D．there to be A　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“twenty four hours in the day for everyone”可知

62、，每個(gè)人每天都有24小時(shí)，故用“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“存在，有”，介詞about后跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故A項(xiàng)正確。 3．A.strange B．a(chǎn)cceptable C．surprising D．demanding B　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，每個(gè)人每天都有24小時(shí)，所以“沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間”作為解釋是不能接受的；B項(xiàng)意為“可接受的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“奇怪的”；C項(xiàng)意為“令人驚訝的”；D項(xiàng)意為“要求高的，費(fèi)力的”。 4．A.no getting B．not getting C．no letting D．not letting B　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，每個(gè)人

63、每天都有24小時(shí)，所以“沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間”不能解釋沒(méi)有完成工作。get something done 為固定搭配，意為“完成某事”，該處表示否定，前面用not，故B項(xiàng)正確。 5．A.Since then B．Just now C．Ever D．Once D　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“I tried to prove to one of my professors”，結(jié)合下文的“His answer to me was”可知，該處敘述的是一件過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，D項(xiàng)意為“曾經(jīng)”，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“從那時(shí)起”；B項(xiàng)意為“剛剛，剛才”；C項(xiàng)意為“曾經(jīng)”。 6．A.by B．in C．on

64、 D．upon A　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“saying that I was working hard”可知，“我”試圖通過(guò)說(shuō)“我”自己工作勤奮來(lái)向“我”的一位教授證明自己；A項(xiàng)表示方式，故A項(xiàng)正確。 7．A.That B．What C．Whether D．If B　解析：分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，也作該從句的主語(yǔ)，故用連接代詞what；該句意“重要的是你的工作質(zhì)量”，故B項(xiàng)正確。 8．A.quantity B．a(chǎn)mount C．number D．quality D　解析：根據(jù)上文中的“I was working hard”，結(jié)合該句語(yǔ)境和第三段最后一句中的

65、“quality”可知，教授對(duì)“工作勤奮”的回答是“重要的是工作質(zhì)量”；D項(xiàng)意為“質(zhì)量”，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“數(shù)量”；B項(xiàng)意為“數(shù)量”；C項(xiàng)意為“數(shù)字”。 9．A.hard worker B．honest student C．busy president D．future graduate A　解析：根據(jù)該段第一句中的“I was working hard”，結(jié)合空前一句教授對(duì)此的回應(yīng)可知，從那時(shí)起“我”就開(kāi)始仔細(xì)思考“勤奮工作者”的技巧；A項(xiàng)和“working hard”匹配，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“誠(chéng)實(shí)的學(xué)生”；C項(xiàng)意為“忙碌的總統(tǒng)”；D項(xiàng)意為“未來(lái)的畢業(yè)生”。 10．A.c

66、onstructions B．contributions C．conclusions D．concentrations C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“I have come to”，結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，就此問(wèn)題，“我”已經(jīng)得出結(jié)論。C項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)論”，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“建筑”；B項(xiàng)意為“貢獻(xiàn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“集中”。 11．A.of course B．in fact C．a(chǎn)s a result D．a(chǎn)s a whole A　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，這一問(wèn)題中最重要的當(dāng)然是時(shí)間；A項(xiàng)意為“當(dāng)然”，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上”；C項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)果是……”；D項(xiàng)意為“作為整體”。 12．A.if followed B．if fixed C．a(chǎn)s followed D．a(chǎn)s fixed D　解析：根據(jù)空后一句“Then there is the problem of ‘work’during that time.”可知，接下來(lái)是在此期間的“工作”問(wèn)題；據(jù)此可以判斷，該處是說(shuō)，人們總是認(rèn)為時(shí)間是固定不變的，故D項(xiàng)正確。 13．A.so B．but C．n