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1、Module 6 Animals in Danger 單元話題·語篇訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.語法填空 Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food.Yet today there is clear evidence that the ocean has a limit.Most of the big fish in our ocean are now __1__ (go)．One major cause is overfishing.People are ta

2、king so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace __2__ (they)． For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their community's needs.However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested __3__ consuming protein-rich foods.People be

3、gan __4__ (catch) large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets.In a very short period of time, commercial fishing __5__ (great) reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna. Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, __6__ they're mostly just

4、the little ones.Small fish, __7__ include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number — largely because there are not enough big fish __8__ (eat) them. Such large fish __9__ (be) necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish.Without this weeding out, or survival

5、of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable.As a result, fish are less able to survive __10__ (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了海洋中大魚數(shù)量減少的原因以及由此而造成的后果。 1．gone　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作表語，故填形容詞gone，意為“不在了，不見了”。注意：此處不表示被動的含義。 2．them

6、selves　考查代詞。根據(jù)該從句的主語為many species可知，此處應(yīng)用其反身代詞，表示“自我替換”。 3．in　考查介詞。be/become interested in意為“對……感興趣”，為固定用法，故用介詞in。 4．catching　考查非謂語動詞。begin doing/to do sth.意為“開始做某事”，是固定用法，又由句中的“and selling”可知，此處與selling是并列關(guān)系，形式應(yīng)相同，故填catching。 5．greatly　考查副詞。修飾動詞一般用副詞，故用副詞greatly修飾動詞reduced，在句中作狀語。 6．but　考查連詞。根據(jù)語

7、境可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故用連詞but。 7．which　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)語境可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞Small fish，故用which。 8．to eat　考查非謂語動詞。enough ...to do sth.意為“足夠的……去做……”，為固定用法，故用不定式。 9．a(chǎn)re　考查主謂一致。根據(jù)本句中的they可知， Such large fish表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，故謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 10．difficulties　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語境中所列舉的各種困難可知，此處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故用difficulties。 Ⅱ.概要寫作 閱讀下

8、面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 Why do people like what they like? Scientists have taken on the task of solving this mystery for ages.In the 1960s, psychologist Robert Zajonc conducted a series of experiments where he showed people nonsense words and random shapes. Afterward he asked his subjects which the

9、y preferred out of everything they had been shown. In study after study, people always chose the words and shapes they had seen the most. Their preference was for familiarity. This discovery was one of the most important findings in modern psychology. But the preference for familiarity has clear l

10、imits. People get tired of even their favorite songs and movies. On the one hand, humans seek familiarity, because it makes them feel safe. On the other hand, people love the thrill of something new. This change between familiarity and discovery affects us all the time — not just our preferences for

11、 pictures and songs, but also our preferences for ideas and even people. For that reason, the power of familiarity seems to be strongest when a person isn't expecting it. The opposite is also true: A surprise seems to work best when it contains some familiarity. Nobody knows this better than Raymo

12、nd Loewy, who is considered to be “the father of industrial design”. He had a theory that he said could help salespersons sell anything to anyone. He called it MAYA — “Most Advanced Yet Acceptable”. “To sell something surprising, make it familiar; and to sell something familiar, make it surprising，”

13、 he said. One of Loewy's final tasks was to add an element (要素) of familiarity to a truly new invention: NASA's first space station. Loewy's biggest contribution to the space station was that he insisted NASA install a window with a view of Earth. Today, tens of millions of people have seen this sm

14、all detail in films about astronauts. It is hard to imagine a more perfect example of MAYA: a window to a new world can also show you home. 參考范文： After years of research, psychologist Robert Zajonc discovered that familiarity accounted for people's preference. (要點1) However, our preferences are al

15、ways affected by the change between familiarity and discovery. (要點2) Raymond Loewy showed a full understanding of this and mentioned MAYA, a theory helping increase sales. (要點3) His design of a window in the NASA's first space station is considered a perfect example of the theory.(要點4) 4