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1、Unit 9 Wheels 課時練1　閱讀理解提速練 [學(xué)生用書P273(單獨(dú)成冊)] 閱讀理解 A (2019·濟(jì)南5月高考針對性練習(xí))Lions are the top tourist attraction to Kenya and also considered critically endangered. One of the main causes of their death is that people kill them in return for lions attacking their cows. “We put our cows in a smal

2、l cow shelter at night，” locals said, “and that’s when the trouble would start. Lions would jump in the shelter and kill the cows.” There have been a lot of efforts to try to protect the lions, but they are in crisis and everyone is looking for a solution. One idea was land tenancy(租用)，and another

3、was lion-proof fences. However, no one even knew that Richard Turere, a 13-year-old Maasai from Kenya, had already come up with something that worked. One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. An idea was born. Three weeks later,

4、Richard invented a system of lights that flash around the cow shelter, mimicking a human walking around with a flashlight. His system is made from broken flashlight parts and an indicator box from a motorcycle. “The only thing I bought was a solar panel(太陽能電池板), which charges a battery that supplies

5、 power to the lights at night，” Richard says. He calls the system Lion Lights. His simple solution was so successful. His neighbors heard about it and wanted Lion Lights too. He put in the lights for them. From there, the lights spread and are now being used all around Kenya. Someone in India is tr

6、ying them out for tigers. In Zambia and Tanzania they’re being used as well. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文。獅子因?yàn)榻?jīng)常偷襲肯尼亞當(dāng)?shù)厝孙曫B(yǎng)的奶牛而遭到殺害， 這導(dǎo)致肯尼亞獅子的數(shù)量大量減少， 已經(jīng)瀕臨滅絕。人們想出多種方法來保護(hù)獅子， 但收效甚微。當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€13歲的男孩發(fā)明了一種“獅燈系統(tǒng)”解決了這一難題。 1．Why do local people kill lions? A．To attract tourists. B．To protect their cows. C．To sell them for

7、money. D．To scare away large animals. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“One of the main causes of their death is that people kill them in return for lions attacking their cows.”可知， 獅子死亡的主要原因之一是獅子襲擊當(dāng)?shù)厝说哪膛?，為了保護(hù)奶牛，他們不得不殺死獅子， 故B項(xiàng)正確。 2．What makes Richard’s idea successful? A．That the lights will cost nothing. B．T

8、hat the system can protect lions. C．That the lions are afraid of a moving light. D．That the cows are lawfully killed. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light.”可知， 一天晚上， Richard發(fā)現(xiàn)獅子害怕移動的光； 結(jié)合下文他發(fā)明的裝在牛棚上的閃光燈取得

9、良好的效果可知， 他的想法成功的原因是獅子害怕移動的光， 故C項(xiàng)正確。 3．What may be the best title of the text? A．Lion Lights B．Protecting Lions C．Endangered Cows D．Lion-proof Fences A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知， 本文倒數(shù)第二段尾句“He calls the system Lion Lights.”為文章的主題句， 結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知， 本文主要講述了肯尼亞的一個13歲男孩發(fā)明“獅燈系統(tǒng)”的過程， 這種方法既保護(hù)了當(dāng)?shù)氐哪膛Ｃ庠猹{子襲擊， 也保護(hù)了獅子免遭殺害，

10、故A項(xiàng)最適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。 B (2019·吉林省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)月考)How do the world’s only flying mammals communicate? Researchers have observed young bats adopting new “dialects” simply by hearing them repeatedly, making them one of the few animals known to have a capacity for vocal(聲音的) learning.“These bats may help us clarify

11、 the evolution of speech acquisition(習(xí)得) skills，”says Yosef Prat, a PhD at Tel Aviv University (TAU)． For one year, researchers raised 14 Egyptian fruit bat pups with their mothers in the controlled area, exposing each young bat to two different vocalizations: the natural call of its mother and a s

12、eparate recording that varied in pitch(音高) or frequency. They found that the pups in each group developed a dialect like the recording.“The general assumption in this field is that most animals develop their born vocalizations regardless of what they hear, and that human vocal learning abilities hav

13、e developed during evolution，”says Mr. Prat.“The finding that bats learn the common dialect in their rest place was unusual.” Scientists know little about the origin of spoken language, which is believed to have appeared in humans within the past 500，000 years. Dozens of theories attempt to explain

14、 the complexity of this skill, but none have done so conclusively. “Studying vocal communication and vocal learning in animal models is a very useful way to approach the problem，” says Olga Feher, an assistant professor at the University of Warwick in England. “But animal vocalizations and human s

15、peech are very different things，” says Jamin Pelkey, a professor at Ryerson University.“All species communicate. Unlike other animals, though, human beings are able to use sound patterns for functions that are far stranger—functions that are imaginative, theoretical, and critical. When speech is inv

16、olved in these stranger functions, that is what we mean by spoken ‘language’．” 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇科普說明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，蝙蝠可以通過發(fā)出一種聲音來溝通交流，不同群體的蝙蝠會發(fā)出不同的聲音。人們想通過研究蝙蝠的這種交流方式來探索語言發(fā)展的本源，但也有人指出動物的“語言”交流和人類的語言是有本質(zhì)的區(qū)別的。 4．How do young bats acquire their “l(fā)anguage” according to the research? A．Flying in the air slowly.

17、B．Hearing it again and again. C．Communicating with partners. D．Repeating it with their mothers. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞young bats 和acquire their “l(fā)anguage”可以定位至第一段。由該段第二句“Researchers have observed young bats adopting new ‘dialects’ simply by hearing them repeatedly...”可知，蝙蝠幼崽是通過一遍遍地聽來學(xué)習(xí)“語言”的。故選B。 5

18、．What was the general view about animal vocalization? A．Most animals are born with it. B．Its process was unusual. C．It is easier than human speech. D．What animals heard doesn’t affect their learning. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞general view和vocalization可定位至第二段。由該段的倒數(shù)第二句“The general assumption in this f

19、ield is that most animals develop their born vocalizations regardless of what they hear...”可知，大多數(shù)動物不管聽到什么，其天生的發(fā)音能力都會自然發(fā)育。據(jù)此可知，動物所聽到的不會對它們的發(fā)聲能力有影響，故選D。 6．What does the underlined word “problem” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The difference between animals and humans. B．The complexity of spoken languag

20、e. C．The origin of spoken language. D．The study of animal models. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，科學(xué)家們對口頭語言的起源問題知之甚少，也沒有一種能夠服眾的理論。結(jié)合畫線單詞所在句“Studying vocal communication and vocal learning in animal models is a very useful way...”可知，用動物作為研究對象是解決這一問題的一種很有用的方法；據(jù)此可知，畫線單詞指代“口頭語言的本源是什么”這一問題，故選C。 7．What does profes

21、sor Pelkey think of researching young bats? A．It is far from the fact. B．Its result is beyond doubt. C．It is of great scientific value. D．It doesn’t relate to human speech much. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Pelkey可定位至第五段。由該段第一句可知，佩爾基教授認(rèn)為動物發(fā)聲和人類語言不大一樣。 C (2019·桂林、百色、崇左聯(lián)考)By trying to tickle(使發(fā)癢) rats a

22、nd recording how their nerve cells respond, Shimpei Ishiyama and his adviser are discovering a mystery that has puzzled thinkers since Aristotle expected that humans, given their thin skin and unique ability to laugh, were the only ticklish animals. It turns out that Aristotle was wrong. In their s

23、tudy published on Thursday, Ishiyama and his adviser Michael Brecht found that rats squeaked and jumped with pleasure when tickled on their backs and bellies. These signs of joy changed according to their moods. And for the first time, they discovered a special group of nerve cells. These nerve cell

24、s made this feeling so powerful that it causes a rat being tickled to lose control. To make sure that he had indeed found a place in the brain where tickling was processed, Ishiyama then stimulated(刺激) that area with electrical currents. The rats began to jump like rabbits and sing like birds. “It

25、’s truly ground-breaking，” said Jeffrey Burgdorf, a neuroscientist at Northwestern University who reviewed the paper.“It takes the study of emotion to a new level.” Burgdorf has played a central role in our understanding of animal tickling. He was part of a team that first noticed, in the late 1990

26、s, that rats made special noises when they were experiencing social pleasure. Others had already noted that rats repeatedly made short and high sounds during meals. But the lab where Burgdorf worked noticed that they emitted similar sounds while playing. And so one day, the senior scientist in the l

27、ab said, “Let’s go and tickle some rats.” They quickly found that those cries of pleasure doubled. “The authors have been very adventurous，” said Daniel O’Connor, a neuroscientist at Johns Hopkins University. To him, that finding was very surprising. “Why does the world literally feel different wh

28、en you are stressed out？” he said.“This is the first step towards answering that question. It gives us a way to approach it with experimental rigor(嚴(yán)謹(jǐn))．” 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文。文章中科學(xué)家通過刺激老鼠來記錄它們的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的反應(yīng)，所得出的結(jié)論將對情緒的研究提升到了一個新的高度。 8．What contributed to humans’ being ticklish according to Aristotle? A．Their

29、 special skin. B．Their social pleasure. C．Their nervous system. D．Their willingness to touch. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“since Aristotle expected that humans, given their thin skin and unique ability to laugh, were the only ticklish animals”可知，亞里士多德認(rèn)為人類由于其皮膚薄，而且有獨(dú)特的笑的能力而成為唯一怕癢的動物，所以正確答案為A。 9．Which of t

30、he following statements will Jeffrey Burgdorf agree with? A．The research process is full of risks. B．The finding of the study is surprising and unbelievable. C．The new discovery is beneficial for the study of emotion. D．The finding of the study actually contradicts modern science. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)

31、第四段中的“It takes the study of emotion to a new level.”可知，這項(xiàng)研究成果把對情緒的研究提升到了一個新的高度，顯然，這對情緒的研究是有益處的。故答案為C。 10．The underlined word “squeaked” in Paragraph 2 may be replaced by “________”． A．gave a smile B．made a noise C．burst into tears D．watched with staring eyes B　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該詞后面的“jumped with plea

32、sure when tickled on their backs and bellies”可知，當(dāng)在老鼠的背部和腹部撓癢癢的時候，它們會高興地跳起來，再結(jié)合第三段中的“The rats began to jump like rabbits and sing like birds.”可知，此處是“發(fā)出聲音”的意思，故選B。 11．What is the best title for the text? A．The Life of Rats B．How Rats Laugh C．A Wonderful Scientist D．A New Discovery about Rats D　解

33、析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于老鼠的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故答案為D。 D (2019·貴陽摸底考試)Pollution’s serious effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years. Most scientists agree that efforts are necessary to protect our environment from further harm. As we know, the construction industry consumes a large q

34、uantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. So green buildings are in great need. The environmental benefits of green buildings include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity(生物多樣性), improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams and the protectio

35、n of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live there. The process of building green houses includes technical and artistic planning wi

36、th nature protection in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated wit

37、h transporting materials long distances. Careful site selection is important to minimize (使減少到最低限度) human effects on the surrounding environment. For example, placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes(微風(fēng)) and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses. More en

38、ergy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build the small ones. Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs. These roofs are partially or completely covered with plants, which helps to keep heating and cooling costs low, pr

39、event water running off and deal with pollutants. Other features of green buildings often include energy and water protection, recycling and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power, water power and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduce

40、s costs and decreases the influence on the environment. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了綠色建筑的優(yōu)勢和特色。 12．What can we know about green buildings? A．Producing no waste. B．Only using clean energy. C．Being made of new materials. D．Being environment-friendly. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)對全文的整體理解特別是第三段的內(nèi)容可推知，綠色建筑整體上是環(huán)保的，故選D。 13．Wha

41、t is a green building probably like according to the fifth paragraph? A．Large. B．Small. C．Green. D．Low. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“More energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build the small ones.”可推知，綠色建筑應(yīng)該傾向于小型建筑，而非高樓大廈，故選B。 14．What is the purpose of usi

42、ng green roofs? A．To fit the environment. B．To keep warm. C．To collect nature water. D．To reduce costs. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs.”可知，綠色屋頂可以降低能源使用和成本，故選D。 15．What is the text mainly about? A．Promoting energy efficienc

43、y. B．Environmental benefits. C．Green buildings. D．Ecosystems and biodiversity. C　解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的關(guān)鍵詞“green buildings”和對全文的整體理解可推知，本文主要講的是綠色建筑，故選C。 七選五 (2019· 合肥第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測) What to Do When Someone Doesn’t Like You When someone tells me “I don’t care if people like me”， they are showing me the e

44、motional wall they use to block the hurt of rejection. As humans are social animals, all of us care if people like us. Based on the need for social connection, your reactions to rejection and negative judgment can range from minor hurt to outbreaks of depression. 1.________ The first step to handl

45、e a negative situation is to recognize your reaction. Ask yourself, “What am I feeling？” 2.________ Any betrayal(背叛) or embarrassment in your heart? Identify what feeling has shown up in your body, so you can choose what to do next. 3．________ When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defens

46、ive, ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you. Did they truly mean to offend you, or make fun of you? Your brain works very hard to keep you safe, so it will judge a situation as threatening if there is any possibility of social harm. When our brains sense a possible threat, we reac

47、t as if we were personally attacked. Take a breath to relieve the stress. 4.________ Finally, if you believe the person doesn’t like you, ask yourself if this matters. 5.________ If not, what can you do to release your need to be liked by this person? And, what can you do to stay neutral and not re

48、turn the dislike? The more you can come to accept others as who they are, the more you can move forward with your goals regardless of if someone likes you or not. A．If you can, look the person in his eyes. B．Do you feel any fear or anger in your head? C．Ask yourself what is true about the situati

49、on. D．Often people do not realize the impact of their words. E．Will the person’s judgment of you impact your work or life? F．The ability to let a show of dislike roll off your back is a learned skill. G．This will ground you in the present and take you out of your trembling mind. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了擺

50、脫不受別人喜歡的情況的方法和策略。 1．F　解析：由空處承接下文 “The first step to handle a negative situation is to recognize your reaction.”可知，本空是一個承上啟下的過渡句，即應(yīng)對別人的拒絕和負(fù)面評價是一種可以學(xué)習(xí)的技能，下文具體闡述如何達(dá)成這種技能，所以選F項(xiàng)。 2．B　解析：由空處承接上文 “Ask yourself, ‘What am I feeling？’”可知，此處表示個人的感情傾向，與下文 “Any betrayal(背叛) or embarrassment in your heart” 呼應(yīng)，所

51、以選B項(xiàng)。 3．C　解析：由空處承接下文 “When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive, ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you.”可知，本段講的是要搞清楚真實(shí)的狀況，然后再具體地應(yīng)對，故選C項(xiàng)。 4．G　解析：由空處承接上文 “Take a breath to relieve the stress.”可知，空處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步講這樣做的好處，所以選G項(xiàng)。 5．E　解析：由空處承接上文 “Finally, if you believe the per

52、son doesn’t like you, ask yourself if this matters.”可知，搞清楚他人的不喜歡對自己是否有影響對接下來的應(yīng)對很重要，這種影響可能是工作或生活上的，所以選E項(xiàng)。 課時練2　知識運(yùn)用板塊練 [學(xué)生用書P276(單獨(dú)成冊)] 完形填空 (2019·贛州十四縣聯(lián)考)I am a social worker. I wanted to tell everyone about my very dear friend who passed away a few months ago. I met him many years ago while d

53、oing my internship(實(shí)習(xí)期) in the country prison. He was__1__ a program he had designed to help prisoners with drug and alcohol problems. He was always__2__ new ways to bring hope and help to these men and their__3__． One of his favorite __4__ was the Toy Drive. He would run every Christmas for the ch

54、ildren of the prisoners. He did this for twenty years __5__ his sudden death. As last Christmas __6__，I decided that this tradition had to be __7__，for the children as well as the __8__ of my friend. But the file where he kept the names of the people who had been helped by him over the years was __

55、9__. I had to start anew(重新) and with very little __10__！ I started making phone calls, explaining about the project and my __11__．I prayed every night that the event would，__12__， be worthy of my friend. To my great __13__，individuals, churches and businesses began to come on board and，__14__， I ha

56、d enough toys to give to all the children of the prisoners with some left over for the local community __15__！ When Christmas Eve finally arrived, I felt very happy, thinking I had done all I could do and reflecting on what a(n) __16__ it had been for me. I was bagging up the remaining toys __17__

57、if there was anyone left who might like them. Then my phone rang. It was my daughter. She __18__ to explain about a woman she knew in Kentucky who had five children, one seriously ill, no husband, no heating in the home, no toys! Oh! How could we not? My daughter and I drove all night, from New Yo

58、rk to Kentucky, and those children woke up in a nice warm house with plenty of __19__！ My friend’s __20__ of kindness lived on that year, reaching all the way to Kentucky! 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要講述了作者多年前在實(shí)習(xí)期間被朋友幫助他人的精神所感動，而在朋友逝世后繼續(xù)朋友的活動以使朋友的精神得以延續(xù)的感人故事。 1．A.recording B．a(chǎn)ttending C．directing D．improving C

59、　解析：根據(jù)下文的“He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners.”，并與空后的“program”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者的朋友當(dāng)時負(fù)責(zé)這樣的一個項(xiàng)目。record“記錄，記載”；attend“參加，出席，到場”；direct“負(fù)責(zé)，管理”；improve“提升”。 2．A.putting up with B．coming up with C．keeping up with D．catching up with B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示想出辦法。put up with“忍受”；come up with“想

60、出”；keep up with“跟上”；catch up with“趕上”。 3．A.group B．family C．company D．club B　解析：根據(jù)下文的“He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners.”可推知，作者的朋友不僅幫助那些服刑的人，而且還幫助他們的家人。 4．A.events B．sports C．hobbies D．games A　解析：根據(jù)下文的“I started making phone calls, explaining about the project”

61、可推知，此處作者介紹了朋友最喜歡做的活動項(xiàng)目，與下文的“I prayed every night that the event would，________，be worthy of my friend.”呼應(yīng)。event“事件，活動”。 5．A.after B．since C．because D．until D　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，作者的朋友堅(jiān)持了20年，一直做這樣的活動，直到最后自己突然離世。 6．A.arrived B．followed C．a(chǎn)pproached D．finished C　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，朋友去世后，在上一個圣誕節(jié)來臨之際，作者準(zhǔn)備把這個圣誕傳統(tǒng)

62、繼續(xù)下去，且與下文的“When Christmas Eve finally arrived”呼應(yīng)。approach“臨近”。 7．A.carried out B．lived on C．carried on D．lived out C　解析：參見上題解析。carry out“實(shí)行”；live on“以……為生”；carry on“繼續(xù)”；live out“不住在工作場所，實(shí)現(xiàn)某事(指曾計(jì)劃或期望的事)”。 8．A.benefit B．memory C．pleasure D．favor B　解析：上一個圣誕節(jié)來臨之際，為了孩子們，也為了緬懷自己的朋友，作者決定延續(xù)這一傳統(tǒng)。be

63、nefit“好處，益處”；memory“記憶”；pleasure“樂趣”；favor“善意的行為”。 9．A.active B．extra C．hiding D．missing D　解析：根據(jù)下文的“I had to start anew(重新) and with very little________！”可推知，之前朋友所幫助過的人的信息都丟失了，作者不得不重新獲取。extra“額外的，另外的”；missing“找不到的，丟失的”。 10．A.time B．pressure C．energy D．confidence A　解析：根據(jù)上文的“As last Christma

64、s________， I decided that this tradition had to be ________，for the children as well as the ________of my friend.”可知，圣誕節(jié)馬上來臨了，作者找到朋友幫助過的人的信息的時間并不多。pressure“壓力”；energy“能量”；confidence“信心”。 11．A.difficulties B．impression C．importance D．a(chǎn)tmosphere A　解析：在時間緊、文件丟失的情況下，作者要繼續(xù)朋友生前的活動是困難的。impression“印象”；

65、atmosphere“氣氛”。 12．A.otherwise B．however C．somehow D．though C　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，作者每晚祈禱，這樣的活動能以某種方式配得上朋友。otherwise“否則，要不然”；somehow“以某種方式”。 13．A.curiosity B．disappointment C．relief D．thought C　解析：根據(jù)下文的“individuals, churches and businesses began to come on board”可推知，大家都來幫忙，因此作者很寬慰。curiosity“好奇心”；dis

66、appointment“失望”；relief“寬慰”。 14．A.eventually B．occasionally C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．generally A　解析：根據(jù)下文的“I had enough toys”可推知，作者在大家的幫助下，最終收集到了活動所需要的足夠多的玩具。eventually“最終”；occasionally“偶爾，偶然，間或”；absolutely“完全地，絕對地”；generally“總體上來說，大致”。 15．A.in particular B．a(chǎn)s well C．once more D．a(chǎn)t first B　解析：根據(jù)上文的“with some left over for the local community”可推知，作者收集到的玩具不僅夠活動本身用，還有剩余。in particular“尤其，特別”；as well“也”；once more“再一次”；at first“開始”。 16．A.honor B．pity C．burden D．discovery A　解析：根據(jù)上文的“I felt very happ