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1、專題4 任務(wù)型閱讀 題組訓(xùn)練一 1 話題：完美主義 難度：★★★ 建議用時(shí)：15分鐘 Ifyouareaperfectionist，you’reprobablyfamiliarwiththefeelingofwantingtogeteverythingjustright.Accordingtoresearchers，perfectionistsholdthemselvestounrealisticallyhighstandardsandbecomeself-criticaliftheybelievetheyhaven’tmetthesestandards.Perfectioni

2、stsarealsolikelytofeelguiltyiftheyexperiencefailures，whichoftenleadsthemtoavoidsituationswheretheyareworriedthattheymightfail. Inonestudy，researcherslookedathowperfectionismchangesovertime.Theresearchersreviewedpreviouslycollecteddatafromover41,000collegestudents.Theyfoundthatcollegestudentsreporte

3、dincreasinglevelsofperfectionism：theyhelpedthemselvestohigherstandards，andfelttherewerehigherexpectationsplacedonthem.Moreimportantly，whatincreasedthemostwasthesocialexpectationsthatyoungadultspickeduponfromthesurroundingenvironment.Theresearchersassumedthatthiscouldbebecausesocietyisincreasinglycom

4、petitive：collegestudentsmightpickuponthesepressuresfromtheirparentsandsociety，whichwouldincreaseperfectionisttendencies. Althoughmanypeopleseethepursuit(追求) ofexcellenceasagoodthing，researchershavefoundthatinextremecases，perfectionismisactuallylinkedtopoorermentalhealth.Inonestudy，researcherslooked

5、atatotalof284studiesandfoundthatperfectionistsfeltdepressedandanxiousandevenhadeatingdisorders.Theyalsofoundthatpeoplehigherinperfectionismalsoreportedhigherlevelsofoverallpsychologicaldistress(痛苦).Inotherwords，althoughpeoplemaythinkoftheirperfectionismassomethingthathelpsthemsucceed，itappearsthatth

6、eirperfectionismmayactuallybeharmfultotheirmentalhealth. So，isperfectionismalwaysharmful？Psychologistshavedebatedthispoint，withsomesuggestingthattherecanbesuchathingasadaptiveperfectionism，inwhichpeopleholdthemselvestohighstandardswithoutbeinginvolvedinself-criticismovermistakestheymake.However，oth

7、erpsychologistssuggestthatperfectionismisn’tadaptive：accordingtotheseresearchers，perfectionismismorethanjustholdingyourselftohighstandards，andtheydon’tthinkperfectionismisbeneficial. Anyhow，althoughperfectionismislinkedtonegativeoutcomes，thegoodnewsisthatperfectionismissomethingthatcanbechanged.One

8、possiblealternativetoperfectionisminvolvesdevelopingwhatpsychologistscallagrowthmindset.Intheiropinion，weshouldbelievethatourabilities，includingintelligence，canbedevelopedwitheffortandgoodlearningstrategiessothatwearemotivatedtoworkhardandwon’tgiveupwhenthingsgetchallenging.Anotherpotentialalternati

9、vetoperfectionismistodevelopself-compassion(自我同情)—thatistosay，weshouldtreatourselveskindlywhenwemakemistakes，remindourselvesthatmistakesarepartofbeinghumans，andavoidbeingconsumedwithnegativeemotions.Overall，aslongaswetakeefforts，it’spossibletoovercomeperfectionismanddevelopahealthierwayofsettinggoal

10、sforourselves. Perfectionism Introduction ?Perfectionismreferstosomeone’s1.foreverythingtoberight. ?Perfectioniststendtosethighandunrealisticstandardsforthemselves. ?Whenperfectionistsdon’t2.，theywillblamethemselvesandstayawayfromsituationswheretheymayexperiencefailures. Astudyof perfectionis

11、m Thelevelsofperfectionismincollegestudentsareonthe3.. ?Theyexpecttoomuchofthemselves. ?Theybecome4.becausetheyareawareoftheirparents’highexpectationsandthecompetitivesociety. 5.of perfectionism ?Perfectionistskindofexperiencedepression，anxietyandeatingdisorders. ?Peoplewhoarestronglyidentifi

12、edwithperfectionistqualitiessuffermore6.. Argumentsover perfectionism ?Thereis7.perfectionismwhereperfectionistscansethighstandardsforthemselvesbutwon’tblamethemselvesfortheirmistakes. ?Perfectionismisn’tlimitedtoholdingoneselftohighstandardsanditcan’tbeof8.topeople. Approachesto 9.over perfe

13、ctionism ?Developagrowthmindsetsothatyouhavemotivationtoworkhardandgetthroughtoughsituations. ?Bekindtoyourselfdespiteyourmistakesorfailuresand10.yourselffromnegativeemotions. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了完美主義的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。 1.答案　desire/wish 解析　根據(jù)第一段中的“you’reprobablyfamiliarwiththefeelingofwantingtogeteverythin

14、gjustright”可知，完美主義者往往想把一切都做得恰到好處。故填desire/wish。 2.答案　succeed 解析　根據(jù)第一段中的“...becomeself-criticaliftheybelievetheyhaven’tmetthesestandards.Perfectionistsarealsolikelytofeelguiltyiftheyexperiencefailures...mightfail.”可知，當(dāng)完美主義者沒(méi)有達(dá)到既定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，他們會(huì)指責(zé)自己；當(dāng)他們失敗時(shí)，他們會(huì)感到內(nèi)疚。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)完美主義者未能獲得成功時(shí)，他們會(huì)責(zé)備自己。故填succeed。 3.答案

15、　increase 解析　根據(jù)第二段中的“collegestudentsreportedincreasinglevelsofperfectionism”可知，大學(xué)生的完美主義呈上升趨勢(shì)。故填increase。ontheincrease是固定搭配，意為“在增長(zhǎng)”。 4.答案　stressed 解析　根據(jù)第二段中的“felttherewerehigherexpectationsplacedonthem”“collegestudentsmightpickuponthesepressuresfromtheirparentsandsociety，whichwouldincreaseperfecti

16、onisttendencies”可知，大學(xué)生們感覺(jué)到父母、社會(huì)對(duì)他們的期望很高，這讓他們感到很有壓力。故填stressed。 5.答案　Harm 解析　根據(jù)表格右欄的內(nèi)容可知，此處講的是完美主義的危害。此處首字母應(yīng)大寫，故填Harm。 6.答案　psychologically 解析　根據(jù)第三段中的“peoplehigherinperfectionismalsoreportedhigherlevelsofoverallpsychologicaldistress(痛苦)”可知，高度完美主義者反映說(shuō)自己會(huì)忍受心理上的痛苦。故填psychologically。 7.答案　adaptive

17、解析　根據(jù)第四段中的“therecanbesuchathingasadaptiveperfectionism”可知，此處說(shuō)的是適應(yīng)性完美主義，故填adaptive。 8.答案　benefit/help 解析　根據(jù)第四段中的“theydon’tthinkperfectionismisbeneficial”可知，一些心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為完美主義對(duì)人們無(wú)益。故填benefit/help。 9.答案　getting 解析　根據(jù)表格右欄的內(nèi)容及文章最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段中的“Overall...it’spossibletoovercomeperfectionism”可知，此處探討的是克服完美主義

18、的方法，故填getting。getover解決，克服。 10.答案　protect/keep 解析　根據(jù)最后一段中的“weshouldtreat...avoidbeingconsumedwithnegativeemotions”可知，我們應(yīng)避免自己被負(fù)面情緒所影響。故填protect/keep。protect/keepsb.from...是固定用法，意為“保護(hù)某人免受……傷害”。 2 話題：流行音樂(lè) 難度：★★★ 建議用時(shí)：15分鐘 Weblasttheupbeat(快樂(lè)的) tunesforpartiesandworkoutsatthegym，andwesavethel

19、ow-keyballadsforromanticorsadmoments.It’shardlyanewideathatmusichasacloselinkwithouremotions.Buthowhaveourfavoriteschangedoverthedecades，andwhatdothesechangessayaboutAmerica’sshiftingemotionallandscape? Musicisaformofnaturalisticdatathat，muchlikepopulartelevisionandsalesofconsumergoods，scientistsca

20、nsampleforinsightintoourmindsandvalues.ResearchersE.GlennSchellenbergandChristianvonSchevesetouttoexaminesongspopularinAmericaduringthelastfivedecades，hopingtolearnhowemotionalcuesinmusic，suchasthetempo (slowtofast) andmode(majororminorkey)，havechangedsince1960. Themoststrikingfindingisthechangeint

21、hekey.Songscomposedinamajorkeytendtosoundwarmandhigh-spirited，whereassongsinaminorkeycansounddarkerandsadder.Overthelastfewdecades，popularsongshaveswitchedfrommajortominorkeys.Broadlyspeaking，thesoundhasshiftedfrombeingbrightandhappytosomethingmorecomplicated.It’simportanttonote，though，thatalthougho

22、ldersongsarefrequentlyinamajorkey，thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthelyrics(歌詞) arecheerful. America’spopularsongshavealsobecomeslowerandlonger.Evenmoreinteresting，perhaps，isthatourcurrentfavoritesaremorelikelytobeemotionallyambiguous，suchassad-soundingsongsbeingfastorhappy-soundingsongsbeingslow. Perha

23、ps，thetworesearcherssuggest，today’slistenersaremoremusicallyexperienced.Otherresearchersinthepasthavelinkedmusicpreferencestopersonalitytraits，suchasapreferenceforsaddermusicbeingtiedtomoreempathy(同感)，opennesstoexperience，andlesshumaninteractions.SchellenbergandvonSchevealsosuggestthatartistsmayempl

24、oyminorkeysandcomposeslowersongstogivethemanairofmaturity.Afterall，it’schildren’smusicthatisusuallyhappy. Thereispossibilitythatthemorecontemporarymusicreflectsthehardshipsandtragediesthatoursocietyhasgonethrough.However，SchellenbergandvonSchevebelievethatthephenomenonofsteadyincreaseindurationandd

25、ecreaseintempodoesn’tsupporttheideaofgrowingdifficultiesfullybecauseitwouldmeanourproblemshaveincreasedsteadilyoverthelastfiftyyears.PerhapspopularsongshavebecomemorecomplexovertimebecauseAmericansarebecomingmorediverseandindividualizedintheirmusicaltastes. Thoughwecanonlyguessatthespecificcausesof

26、thisevolutioninmusic，wecanstillviewsociety’spreferencesasameasurementofthepublicconsciousness.SchellenbergandvonScheve’sinitialobservationshaveonlyopenedthedoortoinquiriesintothelinkbetweenemotionandmusicconsumption.Perhapssomedaywe’lllearnmoreofthesecretsbehindthemusicweloveandthetimeswelivein. Po

27、pMusicBecameMoreMoodyinPast50Years Introduction ?It’sknowntoallthatmusiciscloselyconnectedwithouremotions. ?Ourfavoritemusichaschangedalotoverthedecades，which11.thechangingmoodsofAmericans. ?Bystudyingmusic，scientistscangetabetter12.ofourmindsandvalues. ChangesinAmericanpopmusic Thechangesinth

28、ekey ?Generally，songscharacterizedbymajorkeystendtobewarmandhigh-spiritedwhilethosewithminorkeyssadanddark. ?Thelastfewdecadeshas13.achangeinpopularsongsfrommajorkeystominorkeys. Thechangesinthetempo Popularsongstendtobecomeslowerandlongernowadaysanditismore14.totellourfavoritesemotionally，forsa

29、d-soundingsongscanbefastwhilehappy-soundingsongscanbeslow. 15.for thechanges ?Listenersnowadaysknowmoreaboutmusic. ?People’spersonalitytraits16.theirpreferencesformusicinasense. ?Artistsmayuseminorkeysandcomposeslowersongstoshowtheir17.. ?Popularsongshavebecomemorecomplexduetopeople’sdifferentt

30、astesformusic，which18.accountsforthesteadyincreaseindurationanddecreaseintempo. Theauthor’s 19.tothechanges ?Therealcausesofthesechangesstillremaina20.tous，butwecansafelysaysociety’spreferencescanbeasignofthepublicconsciousness. ?Despitethepresentknowledgeabouthowmusicrelatestoemotion，moreaboutth

31、elinkbetweenourmusicalpreferenceandourlivingtimesistobelearned. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章從近半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)流行音樂(lè)在節(jié)奏以及音調(diào)方面的變化這一角度揭示了當(dāng)代美國(guó)人情緒和情感的走向。 11.答案　reflects 解析　根據(jù)第一段中的“andwhatdothesechangessayaboutAmerica’sshiftingemotionallandscape”可知，幾十年來(lái)音樂(lè)喜好上的變化會(huì)反映美國(guó)人在情感狀態(tài)上的不斷轉(zhuǎn)變。故填reflects。 12.答案　understanding 解析　根據(jù)第二段第

32、一句“Musicisaformofnaturalisticdata...scientistscansampleforinsightintoourmindsandvalues.”可知，通過(guò)研究音樂(lè)(喜好)，科學(xué)家能更好地了解人們的思想和價(jià)值觀。故填understanding。haveagoodunderstandingofsth.是固定用法，意為“對(duì)……有很好的理解，對(duì)……有良好的認(rèn)識(shí)”。 13.答案　witnessed/seen 解析　根據(jù)第三段中的“Overthelastfewdecades，popularsongshaveswitchedfrommajortominorkeys.”可知

33、，過(guò)去的幾十年見(jiàn)證了流行音樂(lè)從大調(diào)到小調(diào)的轉(zhuǎn)變。故填witnessed/seen。witness是發(fā)生(某事件)的時(shí)間(地點(diǎn))，見(jiàn)證。 14.答案　difficult 解析　根據(jù)第四段中的“ourcurrentfavoritesaremorelikelytobeemotionallyambiguous”可知，人們現(xiàn)在的音樂(lè)喜好從情感上來(lái)看好像更難以判斷。故填difficult。 15.答案　Explanations 解析　根據(jù)第五至六段的內(nèi)容和表格右欄中的內(nèi)容可知，此處主要講的是研究者對(duì)這些變化的解釋。故填Explanations。 16.答案　determine/decide 解

34、析　根據(jù)第五段中的“Otherresearchersinthepasthavelinkedmusicpreferencestopersonalitytraits”可知，人們的個(gè)性與其對(duì)音樂(lè)的偏好有關(guān)，即從某種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)個(gè)性決定他們對(duì)音樂(lè)的偏好。故填determine/decide。 17.答案　maturity 解析　根據(jù)第五段中的“togivethemanairofmaturity”可知，一些藝術(shù)家使用小調(diào)來(lái)作曲，并寫慢歌是為了顯示自己的成熟氣質(zhì)。故填maturity。 18.答案　partly 解析　根據(jù)第六段的內(nèi)容可知，兩位研究者認(rèn)為，歌曲時(shí)長(zhǎng)的逐步增加和節(jié)奏的逐步放緩不能完全說(shuō)

35、明(即只能部分解釋)人們面臨的困難在增加，另外一個(gè)原因是美國(guó)人在音樂(lè)審美方面變得越來(lái)越多樣化和個(gè)性化。故填partly。 19.答案　attitude(s) 解析　根據(jù)最后一段和表格右欄的內(nèi)容可知，此處主要陳述作者對(duì)這些變化的看法或觀點(diǎn)?？蘸笫墙樵~to，故填attitude(s)。 20.答案　secret/riddle 解析　根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thoughwecanonlyguessatthespecificcausesofthisevolutioninmusic”可知，我們只能猜測(cè)音樂(lè)方面這種變化的原因，也就是說(shuō)真正的原因還是個(gè)秘密或謎。故填secret/riddle。 題組訓(xùn)練

36、二 1 話題：科技與環(huán)保 難度：★★★ 建議用時(shí)：15分鐘 TheFourthIndustrialRevolutionisgivingrisetoafuturefilledwithexcitingopportunitiesandnewchallenges.Together，governmentsandbusinessesmustfindsolutionstosociety’smostpressingneeds—fromcreatingacarbon-freeeconomytodealingwithpopulationgrowthandurbanization. Theenvir

37、onmentisacaseinpoint.Muchofthepublicdebatehascenteredonthecentralroleofrenewablepowersourcesinrealizingalow-carbonenergyfuture.Whiletheindustryisfullybehinddevelopingrenewables，aloworzero-carbonfuturedependsonadoptingamultifaceted(多方面的) approach. Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblow

38、s，whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortoolittleenergyattimes.Thechangeforrenewablesrequiresseriousconsideration，likeovercomingintermittency(間歇性)，providingenergysecurityandbalancingeconomicrealities. Batterieshavebeenmuchdiscussedasameansofstoringextraenergy，buttherearealte

39、rnatives.Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergytobestoredanddistributedagainwhenandwhereneeded.Forexample，additionalelectricitycanbecapturedandturnedintohydrogenusingelectrolysis，whichcanbeusedtocreatemethaneorammonia. Despitethegrowingimportanceofrenewableenergysourcestotheworld’spowergeneratingc

40、apacity，nearlythree-quartersoftheworld’sprimaryenergydemandwillstillbemetbycoal，oilandgasbymid-century.Tosafeguardthefuture，weneedtofindnewwaysofmakingfossilfuelscleanerandmoreefficient.SuccessfultestsbyMitsubishiHitachiPowerSystemshaveshownthatputtinghydrogenintoourfuelsourcescandramaticallylowerCO

41、2emissionsfrompowergenerationwithoutdisturbinggeneratingcapacity. Ourabilitytomeettheworld’sfutureenergyneedsdependsonagroupoftechnologiesworkingtogetherinparallel.E-mobilityisagoodexampleofthis.Electriccarsarecertainlyapositiveinnovation.Easingjams，whileincreasingconvenienceandsustainabilityinthef

42、uturecities，couldalsodependonairtaxis，smarttrafficsystemsandusingmorefuel-friendlyaircraftdesigns. Anotherglobalproblemisthegrowingamountofdomesticandindustrialwaste.Atcurrentgrowthrates，thehumanracecouldgenerate11milliontonsofsolidwasteeachdayby2100.Waste-to-energytechnologygeneratespowerfromsourc

43、eslikedomesticwasteandmanufacturingprocesses. Forexample，theIwate-ChubuCleanCentreincinerator(焚化爐) facilityinJapanusesMitsubishiHeavyIndustries(MHI) Group’sadvancedresourcerecyclingsystems.Theplantgenerateselectricitybyburningwaste，producingnontoxic，low-chlorineashthatcanbeusedasfillerforconcrete.

44、 Remainingheat，whichisoftenwastedduringindustrialprocesses，canalsobecapturedandturnedintoenergy.MHIGroupcompanyTurbodeninstallsturbines(渦輪機(jī)) inindustrialplants.Theturbinesreduceemissionsbycapturingwasteheat，whichischangedintoelectricalenergyandalsoprovidesheatingforthelocalcommunity. Globallyintegr

45、atedanddiverseengineeringcanmaketheworldcleaner，saferandmoresustainableinalong-termandpracticalway.Scienceanditspracticalapplicationscanuncoversolutionstotheworld’smostpressingissues. Howscienceisengineeringsolutionstofutureglobalchallenges Introduction ?ThankstotheFourthIndustrialRevolution，wear

46、eexperiencingafuturefullofopportunitiesandchallenges. ?Bothgovernmentsandbusinessesfindit1.tofindwaystodealwiththechangeinsociety. 2.tofutureglobalchallenges Chargingforward—amultifacetedapproach ?Renewableenergysourcesarenotatour3.. ?Severalthings，likeovercomingintermittency，providingenergysec

47、urityandbalancingeconomicrealities，shouldbetakenintoaccountunderthechangeforrenewables. ?Apartfrombatteries，Power-to-Xtechnologiescanalsogetexcessenergystoredandmakeit4.whennecessary. Theroadahead— 5.technologies ?The6.ofhydrogenandfuelsourcescangreatlylowerthesendingoutofCO2withoutdoingharmtoth

48、egeneratingcapacity. ?E-mobility，likeelectriccars,7.toaless-crowded，moreconvenientandenvironmentallyfriendlytransportsystem. Forwardthinking— practicalscientificsolutions ?Waste-to-energytechnologymakes8.ofdomesticandindustrialwastetoproducepower. ?Wastecanbeburnttoproduceelectricityandmakeasha

49、sfillerforconcrete. ?Remainingheatcanbeturnedinto9.andprovidesheatingforthelocals. Conclusion Scienceandengineeringcanworkin10.toaddresspressingglobalissuesandmaketheworldacleaner，saferandmoresustainableplace. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。全球一體化和多樣化的工程可以以長(zhǎng)期和切實(shí)可行的方法使世界更清潔、更安全、更可持續(xù)?？茖W(xué)及其實(shí)際應(yīng)用可以應(yīng)對(duì)未來(lái)的全球挑戰(zhàn)。 1.答案　

50、necessary/important 解析　根據(jù)第一段中的“Together，governmentsandbusinessesmustfindsolutionstosociety’smostpressingneeds”可知，政府和企業(yè)必須共同找到解決社會(huì)最緊迫需求的辦法，也就是找出方法來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)社會(huì)變化在政府和企業(yè)看來(lái)是很有必要/重要的。故填necessary/important。 2.答案　Solutions/Approaches/Ways 解析　根據(jù)表格右欄的內(nèi)容可知，此處講的是未來(lái)全球挑戰(zhàn)的解決方案，故填Solutions/Approaches/Ways。 3.答案　command

51、 解析　根據(jù)第三段第一句“Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows...attimes.”可知，可再生能源并不是我們能隨意支配的。故填command。atsb.’scommand意為“可自由使用，可支配”，是固定搭配。 4.答案　available 解析　根據(jù)第四段第二句“Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergytobestoredanddistributedagainwhenandwhereneeded.”可知，Power-to-X技術(shù)可以存儲(chǔ)多余的能量，并在有需要的時(shí)候和地方對(duì)能量

52、進(jìn)行再分配，即人們?cè)诒匾臅r(shí)候是可以利用這些已經(jīng)儲(chǔ)存下來(lái)的能量的。故填available。 5.答案　combining 解析　根據(jù)表格右欄的內(nèi)容及第六段中的“agroupoftechnologiesworkingtogetherinparallel”可知，此處指對(duì)技術(shù)的聯(lián)合使用。故填combining。 6.答案　mix/mixture/compound 解析　根據(jù)第五段中的“puttinghydrogenintoourfuelsourcescandramaticallylowerCO2emissionsfrompowergenerationwithoutdisturbinggene

53、ratingcapacity”可知，將氫融入我們的燃料來(lái)源可以顯著降低二氧化碳的排放量，但不影響發(fā)電量。也就是說(shuō)氫和燃料能源的混合物能夠大幅降低二氧化碳的排放量。故填mix/mixture/compound。 7.答案　leads/contributes 解析　根據(jù)第六段中的“Electriccarsarecertainlyapositiveinnovation.Easingjams，whileincreasingconvenienceandsustainability...usingmorefuel-friendlyaircraftdesigns.”可知，電子交通工具帶來(lái)一個(gè)不那么擁擠、

54、更便捷和環(huán)保的交通系統(tǒng)。故填leads/contributes。lead/contributeto意為“導(dǎo)致，造成”，是固定短語(yǔ)。 8.答案　use 解析　根據(jù)第七段最后一句“Waste-to-energytechnologygeneratespowerfromsourceslikedomesticwasteandmanufacturingprocesses.”可知，變廢為寶這種科技利用家庭或工業(yè)垃圾來(lái)產(chǎn)生能量。故填use。makeuseof意為“利用”，是固定短語(yǔ)。 9.答案　electricity/power 解析　根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，在工業(yè)過(guò)程中經(jīng)常被浪費(fèi)的余熱也可以被獲取

55、并轉(zhuǎn)化為能量。渦輪機(jī)通過(guò)收集余熱來(lái)減少排放，余熱被轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，并為當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)提供暖氣。故填electricity/power。 10.答案　harmony/parallel 解析　根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)與工程可以協(xié)調(diào)/同時(shí)工作來(lái)解決緊迫的全球問(wèn)題。故填harmony/parallel。inharmony意為“融洽地”，inparallel意為“同時(shí)”，均是固定搭配。 2 話題：吃早飯是否重要 難度：★★★ 建議用時(shí)：15分鐘 Wehavebeentoldmanytimesthatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.Thedang

56、er，it’sregularlyclaimed，isthatskippingbreakfastmeanswe’llgethungrylaterintheday，eatallthewrongthings，andfinallyputonweight.Butisitreallytrue？Theanswerwouldseemtobeyes，iftheresultsofastudypublishedlastweekaretobebelieved. Researchersfoundthatpeoplewhoskippedbreakfastwere33percentmorelikelytohavetype

57、2diabetes(糖尿病) thanthosewhodidn’t.Thisstudyaddstolotsofotherswhichhavecomparedthehealthofpeoplewhoskipbreakfastwithpeoplewhodon’t.Almostallofthesestudiesshowthatbreakfast-eatersareslimmerandhealthier. Butdoesthisprovethateatingbreakfastmakesyouhealthier？Well，actuallyitdoesn’t.Thefactisthatpeoplewho

58、regularlyeatbreakfasttendtohavehealthierhabitsoverall.Theysmokeless，drinklessandarenormallymoreactive.Toputitanotherway，itispossiblethathavingahealthierlifestylehasaneffectonhealth，ratherthanthetimeyouchoosetostarteating. Oneofthebestwaystotestthehealthclaimistocarryoutarandomisedcontrolledtrial.In

59、arecentstudy，researchersgottogether300overweightvolunteers，amixtureof“breakfast-eaters”and“breakfast-skippers”.Theyaskedthegroupstoexchangehabitsfor16weeks.Attheendofthatperiod，bothgroupswereweighed.Thebreakfast-skipperswhohadmadethemselveseatbreakfastlostanaverageof1.67pounds.Prettyimpressive.Howev

60、er，thebreakfast-eaterswhohadskippedbreakfastlostanalmostidenticalamount，anaverageof1.56pounds. Theresearchersconcludedthat，contrarytowhatiswidelybelieved，arecommendationtoeatbreakfasthadnonoticeableeffectonweightlossinfree-livingadultswhowereattemptingtoloseweight. Anotherwidelyheldbeliefisthateat

61、ingbreakfasthelpstokick-startyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)，makingyouactiveforthedayahead.Butisthisbeliefbasedonscience? Itiscertainlytruethatwhenyoueat，itsetsoffthedigestiveprocess，whichinturnmeansyouburnmoreenergy.Thetroubleisthattheeffectisprettysmallandwearsoffwhenthefoodisdigested.Fromthepointofviewofyo

62、urmetabolismoverthecourseoftheday，it isn’treallyimportantwhetheryoufirsteatat8amor1pm.Whatyoueatismoreimportantthanwhenyoueat.Eatingahigh-protein(蛋白質(zhì)) breakfastrequiresmoreenergytodigestitandmakesyoufeelfullforlonger. Thefactisclearthatthereisnothing“special”aboutbreakfast.Itprobablydoesnotmatterw

63、hetheryoueatorskipbreakfast，aslongasyoueathealthilyfortherestoftheday. SkippingBreakfastIsNot11.Harmful Introduction Weareremindedagainandagainthatbreakfast12.themostamongthethreemealseveryday. 13.ofresearch Belief1 Ifyoudon’teatbreakfast，thechancesarethatyouwilleatwrongthingsafterwardsdueto14

64、.，endingupputtingonweight. Truth ?Eatingbreakfastonaregularbasisindicatesthatyouhaveahealthierlifestyle，whichisimportanttoyouroverallhealth,15.thetimewhenyoubegintoeat. ?Simplyaskingpeopletochangetheireatinghabitscanleadtotheirlosingabitofweight,16.ofwhethertheyeatbreakfast. ?Eatingbreakfast17.h

65、asanyrealinfluenceonweightloss，whichisbeyondthecommonexpectation. Belief2 Eatingbreakfasthelpstogetyourmetabolismto18.，activatingyouforthedayahead. Truth ?Metabolismoverthecourseofthedaydoesn’t19.onwhenyoueat，butonwhatyoueat. ?Eatingahigh-proteinbreakfastmakesyouburnmoreenergytodigestitandkeeps

66、youfeelfullforalongerperiodoftime. Conclusion Itwon’tmakemuch20.whetheryoueatbreakfastornot.Whatisimportantisthatyoushouldeatinahealthyway. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。人們普遍認(rèn)為吃早飯非常重要，但研究顯示，吃不吃早飯似乎不那么重要。 11.答案　Necessarily 解析　綜合全文可知，本文主要闡述不吃早飯未必對(duì)人們產(chǎn)生危害，故填Necessarily。 12.答案　matters/counts 解析　根據(jù)第一段第一句“Wehavebeentoldmanytimesthatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.”可知，我們不斷被告知早飯?jiān)谝蝗杖椭凶钪匾?。故填matters/counts。 13.答案　Findings/Discoveries/Results 解析　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容以及表格右邊內(nèi)容可知，這里陳述的是一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)或結(jié)果。故填Findings/Discoveries/R