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1、2020;2020高考英語備考易錯點睛系列 7選5閱讀理解（學(xué)生版） 考前必讀 2020;2020年寧夏推出了閱讀理解新題型,2020;2020年遼寧省也選用了這一題型,"如果希望明確、深刻地理解一篇文章,必須對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有所了解,把握住全篇的文脈,即句與句.段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系."是《普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（寧夏卷)說明》中的要求.閱讀填空題就很好地體現(xiàn)了這一要求。 2020;2020年北京市高考試卷的明顯變化是:閱讀理解由原來的5篇文章共20道題變成了4篇文章共15道題+閱讀新題型.閱讀新題型占到了10分,這些都表明任務(wù)型閱讀的優(yōu)勢在吸引更多的省市嘗試,而各省的新型閱讀理解也

2、各有所長. 如果說通常意義上的高考英語完形填空題是詞法和句法范圍內(nèi)的考察，是語言表達(dá)的基本單位,屬于語言的組織規(guī)律,那么閱讀填空題就是章法范圍內(nèi)的考查,是語言使用的范疇,屬于言語的組織規(guī)律,簡單地說,前者側(cè)重語言的結(jié)構(gòu)--語法,而后者側(cè)重語言的使用--章法. 易錯點睛 3．凸顯構(gòu)成語段的方式 一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合,二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞,邏輯性插入語來連接,我們在分析語段層次時,可以借助句際間的連接詞語作出判斷,但最主要的還是要真正體會句際間的意義關(guān)系,把握作者的思路,從語序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點,理清層次,好文章的層次非矴邐?只有層層入手,才能真正理解文章. 　　步驟二：詳讀段落，在短時間

3、內(nèi)，找出每段寫作內(nèi)容的關(guān)鍵詞。明確各段的主題句或主旨大意。 　　文章正文部分通常分為若干小段落。各段落會根據(jù)整體文章寫作主題展開，對文章主體進(jìn)行的不同方面的描述。找出各個小段落中的關(guān)鍵詞，明確其描述內(nèi)容，為整體試題的解決做好鋪墊。 　　步驟三：定位選項，明確各備選選項的含義，抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語，根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)與具體內(nèi)容，將選項填入文中，填寫時尤為注意各選項中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段及句中的銜接標(biāo)志詞。 　　在定位選項時，要特別注意空格上下段的寫作內(nèi)容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義。將所選項放入空白處，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。

4、使文章無論內(nèi)容還是銜接上都能做到通順。 一篇文章作為一個整體，是有其寫作的線索與思路的，在選項定位中，要尤其注意文章的寫作線索，文章的寫作思路的連貫使文章的每個段落、每個句子甚至每個短語均融為一體。如果帶入選項后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章寫作線索中斷或是前后矛盾，應(yīng)更換其它選項。 　　步驟四：通讀復(fù)檢，將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀全文，重點考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)。 　　在完成選項定位后，應(yīng)通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否完整，語義是否連貫合理、各段落內(nèi)容是否緊扣主題，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語是否恰當(dāng)貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。同時，我們還應(yīng)注意對相近

5、選項的對比分析，個別干擾項由于與某個正確選項的內(nèi)容相近具有很強的干擾性，這時就需要我們認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)甄別，排除干擾，從而得出正確選項。 步驟五：確定排除，研究多余選項，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。 在檢查后，應(yīng)再次查看所排除選項，進(jìn)一步確定排除理由，以防造成易混選項誤選。 跟蹤練習(xí)： （2020;2020年鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測英語） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Newspaper articles today are shorter and the headlines are bigger. Most pe

6、ople don’t have enough time to read the articles, so they only read the headlines. On TV and the radio, newsreaders speak more quickly than ten years ago. In the USA, there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for children. These are shorter versions（版本）of traditional stories, specially writt

7、en for “busy parents” who want to save time! Some answer phones now have “quick playback” buttons so that we can replay people’s messages faster — we cant waste time listening to people speaking at the normal speed! 74 Ten years ago when people went to art galleries they spent seconds looking at

8、 each picture. Today they spend just three seconds! Nowadays, many people prefer faster and dynamic sports like basketball. 北京市東城區(qū)2020;2020屆高三第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)統(tǒng)一檢測英語） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Some experts feel that the automobile is to “die”. They see a day in the not-too-distant future

9、 when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to become rotten iron and steel rubbish. 71 They think that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the near future. 72 It should become smaller, safer, and more money-saving, and should not be powered by the petrol engine. The car

10、of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic jam. 73 When the auto enters the freeway system, a retractable arm, which can be moved inwards or backwards, will drop from t

11、he auto and touch a rail that is similar to the subway trains electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. 74 The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best r

12、oute, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the freeway. 75 It is guessed that an automated freeway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day freeway. （北京市西城區(qū)2020;2020屆高三上學(xué)期期末考

13、試英語） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 The Pleasing Sound of a Rainstick A stick is a long tube that is hollow, with small sticks or other materials pushed inside so that it has a somewhat smooth surface on the outside, but small barriers inside. These can be in a lined pattern, for a s

14、pecific sound, or placed at random for a more varied effect. It is then filled with a variety of different things, like small stones, or beads（珠子）, or even rice, and the ends are capped to provide a seal. 71 The origins of rainsticks are not really known and so the stories are quite varied.

15、 Some people say that the ancient people of Chile created rainsticks from dried cactus（仙人掌）, with the sharp points taken off, pushed back inside and then filled with small stones. 72 The Deaguita Indians survive even today, and they are still using them in many of their rain ceremonies. They als

16、o make them as musical instruments. A．You can even make your own rainsticks, and they are often part of school projects where they are used to help children learn the history of Indian people. B．When turned upside down, these materials fall down through the tube, bouncing off of the barriers to pr

17、oduce a calming rain-like sound. C．These were then capped with pieces of wood on the ends and used in ceremonies to bring rain to their crops. D．One end is capped off with poster board and filled with rice or beans, and then the other end is sealed. E．You can get different rain sounds, depending

18、on how fast you turn the rainstick itself. F．This rainstick can never be opened according to the scared writings of the ancients. G．They can be three feet or longer depending on what the tube itself is made from. （河北省普通高中2020;2020屆高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 ·s

19、hows signs of having a severe allergic reaction ·has been stung by several insects at the same time ·has been stung in the mouth or throat, where the swelling can interfere with breathing Medicines 74 A cream or ointment containing hydrocortisone（氫化可的松）can help reduce swelling and inflammation

20、. You can buy low-dose hydrocortisone cream over the counter but don’t use it on children under 10, or on your face or on broken or infected skin. Over-the-counter painkillers such as paracetamol（醋氨酚）can relieve some of the discomfort. Always ask your doctor for advice and read the patient informat

21、ion that comes with your medicine. Prevention of bites and stings You can reduce your risk of insect bites and stings by: ·Wearing insect repellent · 75 ·Wearing long sleeves and trousers if out in the evening ·Keeping picnic foods covered up as much as possible — sweet foods and drinks a

22、ttract insects. （河南省洛陽市2020;2020屆高中三年級統(tǒng)一考試英語） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Most people would agree teens today have more choices than ever before. To avoid burnout, teens should pick and choose carefully. 71 Joining a local community（社區(qū)）club is an easy way to get involved and

23、 have some fun without a lot of stress. 1．Libraries Keep an open mind on this one, because libraries have evolved a lot over the past decade. 72 Today’s libraries are full of magazines, music, DVDs, graphic novels, even games, and young adult librarians are dedicated to setting up activities t

24、hat teens will enjoy. 2．Leisure（休閑）Centres Leisure centres can sometimes seem like the home of old age people and tiny kids. 73 Swimming clubs, teen fitness clubs and classes and community sports clubs such as tennis, football and even gymnastics are often held at leisure centres. 3． 74

25、 （山西省2020;2020屆高三年級四校聯(lián)考試題英語） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their o

26、wn education, as they are responsible for what they do in life. Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. 71 They will not have to worry about grades or rules. For students who worry about these things a lot, it is a good idea to be in

27、 an open classroom. A．Many teachers do not believe in open education. B．Open education. is better than traditional education. C．But many students will not do well in an open classroom D．Some students will be happier in an open education school. E．The teachers’ feeling and attitudes are important to the students. F．In fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. G．For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom.