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1、Unit 12 Art and literature ⊕考綱要求： ◆ 考綱規(guī)定的考試范圍: 重點(diǎn)單詞與短語treat; literature; comedy; local; exhibition; power; magic; series; forehead; miserable; habit; whisper; stupid; announcement；in trouble; come across; believe in; turn around; make friends with 句型 He was just about to say something when Pet

2、er turned around. when 的用法 The next time you look for a tape, don't just look for Chinese or American music. 名詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句 It looked as if the creature had moved. as if 的用法 語法：定語從句（who, whom, that, which, whose, when, where, why） ◆ 復(fù)習(xí)本章要達(dá)到的目標(biāo) 1. 掌握treat; local; exhibition; power; magic; seri

3、es; forehead; miserable; habit; whisper; stupid; announcement；in trouble; come across; believe in; turn around; make friends with等重點(diǎn)單詞及短語的用法。 2. 掌握名詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法； as if 的用法; 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞之間的區(qū)別等。 ⊕教材知識(shí)歸納 ◆知識(shí)歸納 1. His parents are dead and he lives with a family that treats him badly. treat的用法： 知識(shí)梳理：

4、動(dòng)詞的主要義項(xiàng)有： （3） 以……態(tài)度對(duì)待；以……方式對(duì)待； 　They treated me as one of the family, which was very kind of them. 　　他們把我作為一個(gè)家庭成員來對(duì)待，他們真是太好了。 My parents still treat me like a child. 我的父母依舊把我當(dāng)小孩一樣看待。 （2）醫(yī)療；醫(yī)治；治療。 　He is seriously ill, and is being treated in hospital now. 　　他病得很重，現(xiàn)正在醫(yī)院接受治療。 She was treated

5、for sunstroke(中暑). 她因?yàn)橹惺疃恢委煛? （3）招待；款待；請(qǐng)（客）；買（可享受的東西）。treat sb./oneself to sth. She treated him to lunch. 她請(qǐng)他吃午飯。 I’m going to treat myself to a cup of beer.. 我要請(qǐng)自己喝一杯啤酒 名詞義項(xiàng)有：樂趣；樂事；款待。 When I was young, chocolate was a treat. 當(dāng)我年輕的時(shí)候吃巧克力是一件快樂的事。 Let’s go out for lunch— my treat. 走我們?nèi)コ燥埌桑?/p>

6、今天我請(qǐng)客。 相關(guān)歸納：以下短語都表示“把A 當(dāng)作B” treat A as B ；consider A as B; look on/upon A as B; think of A as B; take A as B; regard A as B; view A as B He viewed your hitting his dog as your attack its owner. 他把你打他的狗看作是對(duì)主人的攻擊。 2. Two people may speak different languages, have different habits, habit的用法： 相關(guān)

7、歸納： （1）be in the habit of =have the/a habit of有……的習(xí)慣（或脾氣） I’m not in the habit of letting strangers into my apartment. 我沒有讓陌生人進(jìn)入我的房間的習(xí)慣。 （2）get into/fall into/develop/pick up the habit of養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣 I’ve got into the habit of turning on TV as soon as I get home. 我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了一到家就看電視的習(xí)慣。 （3）break/get out

8、 of the habit of戒除……的習(xí)慣 I’m trying to break the habit of staying up too late. 我正試著戒除熬夜的習(xí)慣。 (4) give up / kick the habit of戒除……的習(xí)慣 He has kicked the habit of smoking, 他已經(jīng)戒除了吸煙的習(xí)慣。 (5)do sth. out of habit/from habit I smoke only out of habit. 我吸煙只是出于一種習(xí)慣。 (6)make a habit of it You can borrow

9、 some money this time, but don’t make it a habit of it. 這一次你可以借些錢，但下不為例。 3. …Harry comes across at Hogwarts help him understand the real world. come across 相關(guān)歸納: （1）+sb./sth.（偶然）遇見，碰到，發(fā)現(xiàn) I came across children sleeping under bridge. 我偶然碰見了睡在橋下的那些孩子。 （2）被理解，被弄懂，給人以……印象，使產(chǎn)生……印象 He spoke a lon

10、g time but his meaning didn’t really come across. 他講了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，但是他的意思沒有真正的被理解。 She comes across well in interviews. 在采訪中她給人留下了深刻影響。 注意：come across 當(dāng)（偶然）遇見，碰到時(shí)等于run across = run into = meet sb./sth. by chance = meet with 4. Harry offers to help the poor. offer的用法： 知識(shí)梳理： (4) offer sb. sth / sth.

11、to sb 向某人提供／提出…… He offered me a glass of wine. 他端給我一杯酒。 (2)offer (sb) some money for sth (向某人)出價(jià)……購(gòu)買…… We offered him the calculator for US$50. 這計(jì)算器我們向他開價(jià)五十美元。 (3) offer to do sth 主動(dòng)提出干某事 He offered to lend me some books. 他表示要借給我?guī)妆緯? (4) 提供,提議 Thank you for your kind offer of help. 感謝你想給

12、予幫助的好意。 He made an offer of help, but I refused politely. 他提議要幫助我但是我謝絕了。 5. The play will be on the air. on the air/in the air/by air/in the open air的用法區(qū)別: (1)on the air表示(用無線電、電視)播送節(jié)目。 What’s on the air this evening? 今晚的廣播內(nèi)容是什么？ These programs come on the air everyday. 這些節(jié)目每天廣播。 其反義詞為go o

13、ff the air“停止廣播”。 This radio station goes off the air at midnight. 這家廣播電臺(tái)于午夜停止廣播。 (2)in the air表示“在空中、在流傳中、（問題，計(jì)劃等）懸而未決（未確定的）”。 Before the matter was publicly announced, it had long been in the air. 這件事在公諸于世之前早就傳得滿城風(fēng)雨了。 The plan is quite in the air. 這個(gè)計(jì)劃還很渺茫。 (3)by air 表示“乘飛機(jī)、由航空”。 He went

14、to Shanghai by air. 他乘飛機(jī)去上海. (4)in the open air 表示“在戶外、在露天里”。 People love life in the open air. 人們喜歡露天生活。 6. His friends help him when he is in trouble. in trouble處于困境中，有麻煩 A person with good manners never laughs at people when they are in trouble. 一個(gè)有禮貌的人絕不會(huì)嘲笑身處困境的人們。 相關(guān)歸納： （1）be a great

15、trouble to 對(duì)……來說很麻煩 The naughty boy is a great trouble to his busy parents. 那個(gè)淘氣的小男孩對(duì)他的父母來說是一個(gè)大麻煩。 （2）ask for trouble 自找麻煩 Don’t ask for trouble. 別自找麻煩。 （3）have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事困難 They dad trouble in finding the answer to the problem. 他們?cè)谡业絾栴}的答案上費(fèi)了很大的困難。 （4）get into trouble 陷入困境

16、 What he said in the meeting got him into trouble. 他在會(huì)議上說的話使他陷入了麻煩。 （5）make trouble 制造麻煩 My little brother often makes trouble in my study. 我的小弟第常在我的書房搗亂。 （6）take trouble to do sth. 不辭辛勞做某事 Thank you for the great trouble you have taken to help me with my English. 謝謝你不辭辛勞的幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語。 （7）put sb.

17、 to trouble 給某人添麻煩 I am very sorry to have put you to trouble. 非常抱歉給你添了那么多煩惱。 （8）put sb. to the trouble of doing 麻煩某人做某事 Can I put you to the trouble of change such a large note? 麻煩你給我調(diào)換一張大的紙幣。 7. You must believe in what you do and who you are… believe 的用法總結(jié)： (1)believe in的用法： ①信仰 Christi

18、ans believe in Jesus. 基督徒信仰耶穌。 ②信任=trust ab. We believe in him.= We trust him. 我們信任他。 ③相信...的效用 Jim believes in fresh air and morning exercises. 吉姆堅(jiān)信新鮮空氣及早操有益處。 He believes in getting up early. 他相信早起床的價(jià)值。 (2)It’s believed that 從句 It is believed that he will win the first prize in the cont

19、est. 人們相信他會(huì)在競(jìng)賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的。 (3)believe it or not 信不信由你 Believe it or not, there will be a film tonight. 信不信由你,今晚將有一場(chǎng)電影。 (4)beyond belief What he said is beyond belief. 他說的話難以置信。 8. “Did you hear that?” he whispered. whisper 的用法： (1)vi. ①低語,耳語;私語 She is whispering to him. 她正對(duì)他竊竊私語。 ② (風(fēng),樹葉

20、等)颯颯地響 The wind was whispering in the trees. 風(fēng)在樹林中颯颯作響。 (2) vt. ①低聲說出;私下告訴 "She is coming," he whispered. "她來了,"他低聲地說。 n.(可數(shù)名詞) 耳語,私語 They debated it in whispers. 他們低聲辯論。 9. He was just about to say something when Peter turned around. be about to do sth. when 從句表示“正要做某事的時(shí)候什么事情發(fā)生了” =be on

21、 the point of doing sth. when 從句 We were about to set out when it began to rain. =We were on the point of setting when it began to rain. 我們正要出發(fā)這時(shí)天下雨了。 10. It was as if the creature was watching them. as if/though 從句的作用 (1) 在look, seem 等系動(dòng)詞后引導(dǎo)表語從句。 She looks as if she were ten years younger．

22、 她看起來好像年輕了十歲。 It seems as if our team is going to win． 看來我們隊(duì)要?jiǎng)倭恕? (2) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。 She loves the boy as if she were his mother． 她愛這男孩，就好像她是他的母親一樣。 The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up． 那孩子跟我們談起話來，像個(gè)成年人似的。 (3) as if 還可用于省略句中 如果as if 引導(dǎo)的從句是“主語＋系動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，可省略主語和系動(dòng)詞，這樣as if 后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞（短語

23、）、介詞短語或分詞。 He acts as if （he was） a fool． 他做事像個(gè)傻子。 Tom raised his hands as if （he was going） to say something． 湯姆舉起手好像要說什么。 She left the room hurriedly as if （she was）angry． 她匆忙離開房間好像生氣的樣子。 (4.)as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況。 當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實(shí)的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)。從句虛擬語氣動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的形式如下： ①如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。 You

24、 look as if you didn’ t care． 你看上去好像并不在乎。 He talks as if he knew where she was． 他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 ②從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞用“had＋過去分詞”。 He talks about Rome as if he had been there before． 他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過羅馬似的。 The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone． 那女孩傾聽著，一動(dòng)也不動(dòng)，像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。 ③從句表示與將來事實(shí)相

25、反，謂語動(dòng)詞用“would／could／might＋動(dòng)詞原形”。 He opened his mouth as if he would say something． 他張開嘴好像要說什么。 It looks as if it might snow． 看來好像要下雪了。 (4) as if 從句用陳述語氣的情況。 當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實(shí)時(shí)。： It sounds as if it is raining． 聽起來像是在下雨。 He talks as if he is drunk． 從他談話的樣子來看他是醉了。 ◆概念提示 重點(diǎn)/熱點(diǎn)1：the + 比

26、較級(jí)，the + 比較級(jí) 越……，就越…… 第一個(gè)the + 比較級(jí)相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)；第二個(gè)the + 比較級(jí)相當(dāng)于主句。 ① The busier he is ,the happier he feels。 越忙他越高興。 ②The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make. 你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，取得的進(jìn)步就越大。 ③ The more happily we live ,the more we realize how much we owe to the Party。 我們過得越幸福，就會(huì)更加認(rèn)識(shí)到共產(chǎn)黨的

27、恩情。 ④The more I hear, the more I laugh. 越聽我笑得越厲害。 重點(diǎn)/熱點(diǎn)2：be +of + n.的用法 （1）of + n.（抽象句詞）相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)的形容詞，在句中可用作表語，補(bǔ)語或在名詞后做定語，能用于該句型的名詞help/use/ value/ importance/humor/determination等其對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞分別為：helpful/ useful/ valuable/ important/humorous/determined . ① This book is of great use/ very useful.這本書很

28、有用。 ②His advice is of great value/ very valuable.他的建議很有價(jià)值。 ③English is of great importance/ very important to us.英語對(duì)我們來說很重要。 ④He is a man of great determination and we all admire him. （2）be +of +a +n.用來表示相同或相似 ① They are of a height. 他們身高一樣。 ②The flowers are of a color .這些花顏色一樣。 （3）be +of +th

29、e same + n.也用來表示相同或相似 ① They are of the same height. 他們身高一樣。 ②The flowers are of the same color .這些花顏色一樣。 易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1：If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall. 他們要是能夠找到一條通道進(jìn)入墻壁后面的那個(gè)房間，或無論什么地方，該有多好! If only 與only if (1)if only 要是怎么樣就好了，后接句子必須要虛擬語氣: ①ha

30、d done sth 指過去的情況 If only you hadn’t told Jackie what I said, everything would have been all right. 要是你沒把我的話告訴杰克就好了，那樣就不會(huì)出什么問題了。 ② did sth 指現(xiàn)在的情況 If only I were a bird 要是我是一只小鳥就好了。 ③ would/could do sth指將來的情況 If only I would go to Beijing next year. (2)only if 只有后接句子，位于句首時(shí)主句必須倒裝。 Only if a t

31、eacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room. 學(xué)生只有得到老師的許可才能離開教室。 ⊕講題組 ◆課內(nèi)題例與課后題： 課內(nèi)題例 1. Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease, she acted as if nothing ____ to her while facing her friends and relations. A. happened B. would happen C. was happened

32、D. had happened 變式：1. He lay down in the tent as if _____. A. to have a sleep B. having a sleep C. slept D. sleeping 變式2. The sky is crowded with clouds. It looks as if it ______. A. were to rain B. were raining C. will rain D. is going to rain 解析：1.在as if ，as though 引導(dǎo)的方

33、式狀語從句中，從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)題干中動(dòng)詞所使用的時(shí)態(tài)可以看出，選項(xiàng)部分是表示與過去事實(shí)相反的動(dòng)作，要用had +過去分詞。答案：D 變式1. 該句意思是“他在帳篷里躺下來好像是為了去睡一覺”應(yīng)該用不定式。答案：A 變式2. 該題語境表明天空烏云密布，的確有可能下雨，所以就不能用虛擬語氣，而應(yīng)該用真實(shí)語氣。有跡象表明某事即將發(fā)生時(shí)要用be going to 所以答案為：D 2. Do you have any information on your son? No. If only I ______ him. A. hadn’t punished B. haven’

34、t punished C. didn’t punish D. wouldn’t punish 變式 1. Only if you work harder, _____ succeed. A. will you B. you will C. do you D. you do 解析： 3.Bill is always a lot of physical exercise to build up his _____. A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind 變式1.As

35、everybody knows, heat is a form ______. A. energy B. force C. power D. mind 解析：3. build up one’s strength 為固定短語“增強(qiáng)體力”。答案：C 變式1. 4. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice ____ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute 變式1. I was so fa

36、miliar with him that I recognized his voice ____ I picked up the phone. A. immediately B. distantly C. minutely D. quickly 解析：1 the minute為名詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句表示一就。答案：D 變式1. immediately為副詞性連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句表示一就。答案：A 5. I was on the point of giving up _____ the police arrived. A. while B. when C. a

37、s D. then 變式1. --The vase cost me almost 100 yuan. --Well, it was crazy of you to spend so much money __ you could buy a much cheaper one. A. while B. if C. because D. when 變式2. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especial

38、ly true____ it comes to classroom tests． A．before B．since C．when D．a(chǎn)fter 解析：5.考查“be on the point of doing sth. +when 從句”這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)。答案：B 變式1.when引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)這中句型時(shí)要不能位于句首。答案：D 變式2. 考查“when it comes to ”當(dāng)提到什么”這一句型。答案;C 6.______ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, t

39、he good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If 變式1. It was foolish of you to take a taxi _____ the station is so near to us. A. While B. since C. as D. when 變式2.____ we have no money on us , we could not eat in the restaurant A. While B. Since C. A

40、s D. If 解析：6.全句意思為：雖然模特行業(yè)不容易進(jìn)入，但優(yōu)秀的模特總是哪里都需要。While 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)這中句型時(shí)要位于句首。答案：A 變式1.when引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)這中句型時(shí)要不能位于句首。答案：D 變式2.since 引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí)這中句型時(shí)要位于句首，前后兩句話是因果關(guān)系，可以等于now (that) 答案：B 課后題： 1. He owes me five pounds but I doubt if he’ll ever _____ with it. A. come up　　 B. come along　　 C. come in　　 D. come

41、 across 2. .Is it a fact that everyone in your town _____ God? A. believes　　 B. believe in　　　　 C. believes in　　 D. believe 3. .Bob said he was going to _____ himself to a vacation in the mountains because he had been so tired. A. press　　　　 B. add　　　　　　 C. touch　　　　 D. treat 4. .I’ll never forge

42、t the years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, _____ has a great effect on my life. A. that; which　　　　 B. when; which　　　 C. which; that　　 D. when; who　 5. A new cinema _____ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built　　 B. is built　　 C. has been built　　　 D. is being built

43、 解析： 1. come across (with sth.) “給或交給（錢、資料等）”答案：D 2. that引導(dǎo)的是fact的同位語從句，believe in “信仰，信奉”。答案：B 3. treat---to--- “款待” 答案：D 4. when是關(guān)系副詞，在第一個(gè)定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語；which是關(guān)系代詞，在非限定性定語從句中做主語，代整個(gè)主句。答案：B 5. 根據(jù)題意可知，新的電影院正在建設(shè)之中。答案：D ⊕課后練習(xí)題 A組： 1.They carried out experiments to test the new drug. A. a

44、series of B. a list of C. a large amount of D. a great many of 2.She was an excellent athlete. ,that 21-year-old girl won three Olympic medals in track events. A. Whether believe or not B. Believing it or not C. To believe or not D. Believe it or not 3. he hadn’t finished his

45、work, otherwise he wouldn’t be still working ther-e. A. It seems that B. It looks that C. It seems as if D. He seems as if 4. Jane and Robert had enough sense of humour! A. What if B. Even if C. If only D. Only if 5.He was about to frighten her when she . A. turned around B. tur

46、ned over C. turned in D. turned on 6.It is reported that the police have been given special to deal with this state of affairs. A. strength B. energy C .force D. powers 7.The collection is at the British Museum. A .on the show B. in show C. on the exhibition D. on exhibition 8

47、.Over the past few years, the farmers have had a of good harvests which have helped to improve their living standards. A. collection B. set C. series D. pile 9.The boy burns at the hospital. A. treated of B. treated as C. was treated for D. was treated as 10.Only if the red lig

48、ht comes on any danger to employees. A. there is B. there was C. is there D. was there 答案： 1.Ａ　a series of指“很多的，一系列的”，Ｃ項(xiàng)只接不可數(shù)名詞，Ｄ與Ｂ項(xiàng)表達(dá)有誤。 2.D　believe it or not在句中作插入語，“信不信由你”。其他三項(xiàng)皆為錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)形式。 3.Ｃ　因題目中用了虛擬語氣，所以Ａ、Ｂ不能，Ｄ項(xiàng)為錯(cuò)誤用法，即seem后接從句時(shí)，只能用it作主語。 4.Ｃ　If only常用來指愿望，表示“要是……多好??！” 5.Ａ　turn arou

49、nd指“轉(zhuǎn)過身來”。 6.Ｄ　句意：據(jù)報(bào)道警察已獲得處理這一事務(wù)的特殊權(quán)力。strength“力量；力氣；人力”；energy“能量；能源”；force“力；強(qiáng)制力；暴力”。 7.Ｄ　句意為“那批收藏品目前在大英博物館展出?！眔n exhibition等于on show。 8.Ｃ　series一系列的。 9.C　句意為“那個(gè)男孩因燒傷在醫(yī)院接受治療?！眛reat sb for sth治療某人某病。答案為Ｃ。又如：The doctor treated her for earache.醫(yī)生給她治療耳痛。 注意：cure sb of a disease治愈某人的病。 10.C　only

50、if“只有”，常用在句首，主句要用倒裝句，根據(jù)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知選Ｃ。 單詞拼寫： 1. We went to an ——（展出） of Chinese paintings at the museum. 2 Then began a （連續(xù)）of wet days that spoiled our vacation. 3. His——（前額）feels very hot, he must be ill. 4. Too much work has been placed on his （肩膀）. 5. We were eager to hear the

51、 （宣布） of the winner of the race. 6. "She is coming," he （低聲說）. 7. They are the two main （角色）in the play. 8. He never read these books, for he had long lost the （習(xí)慣）of reading. 9. He is going to perform （魔術(shù)） at the party. 10. _____（當(dāng)?shù)氐模ヽonditions must be taken into ac

52、count in mapping out the plan. 答案: 1 exhibition 2. series 3 4. shoulders announcement 6. whispered 7. characters 8. habit 9. magic 10. Local B組： 一、 漢譯英 1.她請(qǐng)他吃午飯。 2.我習(xí)慣了一回家就打開電視。 3.我與簡(jiǎn)毫無共同之處。 4.我偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)睡在橋下的孩子。 5.你過去常見到她，是嗎？ 6.雖然我理解你的觀點(diǎn)，但我并不同意你的意見。 7.他們倆并不都是學(xué)生。

53、] 8.到目前為止我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了5000個(gè)漢字。 答案: 1.She treated him to lunch. 2.I’ve got into the habit of turning on TV as soon as I get home. 3.Jane and I have nothing in common./I have nothing in common with Jane. 4.I came across children sleeping under bridge. 5.You used to see a lot of her, didn’t you? 6.Wh

54、ile I understand your opinion, I don’t agree with you. 7. Not both of them are students.=Both of them are not students. 8. We have learned 5000 characters so far. 改錯(cuò)題： 1. If only we took Mr. Wang’s advice, we wouldn’t be in trouble now. 2. I was about to go out while it began to rain. 3. Becau

55、se of poor management, the company is in the trouble. 4. He turned up all at once like magically. 5. There are many exhibitions on show. 6. They have gotten into the habit of reading books for many years. 7. They are good friends but they have different habit. 8. You can have your poem broadcast on radio. 答案：1. took 改為 had taken 2. while 改為when 3. the去掉 4. magically 改為magic 5. exhibitions 改為 exhibits 6. gotten into改為 in 7. habit. 改為 Habits 8. on 后加the