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1、 新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ) 綜合教程1 答案Unit1-4 第一篇：新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ) 綜合教程1 答案Unit1-4 Unit 1 Active reading 1 4 Match the words and expressions in the boxwith their definitions. 1 to make a sincere statement that you are telling the truth (swear) 2 a piece of flesh that connects bones and moves a particular part of yourbody (m

2、uscle) 3 to make you admire or respect someone (impress) 4 to drink in small amounts (sip) 5 a period of time between two events (gap) 6 to arrive somewhere and give your personal details to the person workingat the reception desk (check in) 5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the

3、 words and expressions in the box. 1 There was only just enough room for two people. (barely) 2 Be careful or you’ll accidentally pour your drink down your clothes. (spill) 3 He was completely unaware of what to do in the library. (ignorant) 4 She was very clever and got excellent grades. (intellig

4、ent) 5 You write your name on the list to join the club. (sign up) 6 She tells me that she’s definitely read the book. (assures) She assures me that she’s read the book. 7 I need to go and buy some tea, I have finished it all. (run out of) I need to go and buy some tea, I have run out of it. 6 Answ

5、er the questions about the words andexpressions. 1 Is a warden likely to be (a) a teacher at the college, or (b) someonewho looks after the hall of residence? 2 Is a tutor likely to be (a) a teacher, or (b) astudent? 3 If you go along somewhere, do you (a) go to aplace and join other people there,

6、or (b) walk a long way to get to a place? 4 If you rent out a room, do you (a) paint and decorate it, or (b) allow itto be used by someone who pays you regularly to use it? Active reading 2 Dealing with unfamiliar words 4 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box. 1

7、 When he speaks, people notice that he sounds Irish. (detect) 2 Frank McCourt had read a lot of books which was deserving respect consideringhe had no high school education. (admirable) 3 You can tell the students on the underground trains by the number ofbooks they carry. (subways) 4 The woman in t

8、he admissions office suggests that his European educationis not good enough. (inadequate) 5 The professor was writing very quickly in his notebook. (scribbling) 6 Many immigrants came to America to escape extremely bad treatmentbecause of their race, religion or political beliefs in their own countr

9、ies. (persecution) 5 Answer the questions about the expressions. 1 I’m in heaven Does this mean I’m (a) delighted, or (b)unhappy? 2 ideas don’t drop fully formed from the skies Does this mean thatideas (a) need to be developed with careful thinking, or (b) areimmediately created through good teach

10、ing? 3 in the long run Does this mean (a) at a timein the future, or (b) with a great deal of effort? 4 frighten the life out of someone Does this mean (a) to makesomeone very ill, or (b) to make someone extremely afraid andnervous? Language in use with / without 1 Match the sentences with the uses

11、 of with /without . 1 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 4 (c) 5 (c) 6 (d) 2 Rewrite the sentences using with / without. 1 Her tutor moves his head from side to side. He spills his coffee intothe saucer. With his head moving from side to side, her tutor spills his coffee intothe saucer. 2 “Splendid,” he says. He does

12、n’t wait for an answer. “Splendid,” he says, without waiting for an answer. 3 Frank McCourt speaks in class. He has an Irish accent. Frank McCourt speaks in class with an Irish accent. 4 He plans to go on the subway. He has the books covered in purple andwhite NYU jackets. He plans to go on the subw

13、ay with the books covered in purple and whiteNYU jackets. 5 He’s only allowed to take two courses. He isn’t told why. He’s only allowed to take two courses without being told why. 6 He would like to ask a question. He doesn’t like to raise his hand. He would like to ask a question without raising h

14、is hand. collocations 3 Read the explanations of the words andexpressions. Answer the questions. 1 climb When you climb into / out of / throughsomething, you do it with difficulty. (a) So why does the writer’s father climb out of the room? Because the room is very small. (b) Why would you climb in

15、to bed? You would climb into bed if you are so tired that it feels like a hugeeffort. (c) If you climb through a hole, what do you do with your body? You would probably need to bend over, and crawl through the hole. 2 spill This word usually suggests several ideas: liquid,accidentally, movement and

16、out of control. (a) What has happened if you’ve spilt coffee all over your desk? You have accidentally knocked over a cup / mug and the coffee has gone(uncontrolled) all over the desk. (b) What has happened if toys spilt out all over the carpet? The toys are in a container, such as a box, and either

17、 the box is too fullso some toys are falling out onto the carpet, or the box has been tipped over so most of the toys havefallen out of the box. (c) What might be happening if crowds were spilling out of the bars andrestaurants? Many people would be leaving the bars and restaurants all at once,proba

18、bly because they were closing for the night. 3 join When you join something, you become part of it. Thewriter joins a queue, and several clubs. (a) When might someone join a band? When they can play a musical instrument and want to play with others. (b) What has happened if you join the unemployed?

19、You have lost your job and become unemployed. (c) What do you do when you join in? You do the same activity that most other people are doing. 4 burst into This phrase suggests that something suddenly happens,or someone suddenly starts doing something. (a) What does the writer suddenly start doing wh

20、en she bursts intotears? The writer suddenly starts crying. (b) What bursts into bloom? Flowers, when they emerge from buds. (c) What do you do when something bursts into flames? Put out the flames immediately if you can, or keep well clear and call theemergency services (the fire brigade). 5 clean

21、This word usually suggests several ideas: not dirty, notillegal or wrong, without problems, inoffensive. (a) If you’ve got a clean licence, what have or haven’t you done? This refers to a driving licence. It means that you have been drivingsafely or at least you have no penalty points on the licenc

22、e – a person gets such points as a punishmentafter breaking the law on the roads, eg speeding or causing an accident, and the licence then has anote on it (it’s not “clean”) and the police have a record. (b) If you use clean language, what do you avoid saying? You avoid using swear words or other e

23、xamples of bad language. (c) If something has a clean bill of health, is it healthy orworking correctly? Here this phrase is used metaphorically and means something is workingproperly, for example, a car might have a clean bill of health, after a check or test thatit is working properly. 6 easy This

24、 word usually suggests that something is not difficultor doesn’t need much work. It can also suggest that a person is confident,happy and not worried about anything. (a) If someone is easy-going, how do they behave with other people? An easy-going person behaves in a relaxed, calm manner with others

25、and is happy to accept things without getting worried or angry. (b) If someone is easy on the eye, how do they look? A person who is easy on the eye is pleasant to look at inappearance and in the way they dress. (c) If something is easier said than done, is it more or lessdifficult to do? When somet

26、hing is easier said than done, it is easy to talk about,but difficult to achieve. (d) If someone tells you to “Take it easy”, what are they tellingyou to do? When they tell you to “Take it easy” they can mean either of twothings: You should rest and not do things that will make you tired, or you sho

27、uld keep calm, being less upsetor angry. 4 Complete the sentences using thecollocations in Activity 3. 1 If ever I spill out of my clothes, it’s because I have put on a lot of weight and my clothesdon’t fit me any more. 2 The last time someone made me burst into tears was when I was asmall child an

28、d someone hurt me. 3 I always use clean language when I talk to my teachers or parents. 4 It was easier said than done when someone suggested that we should put the flag on thetop of the mountain. 5 I’ll never forget the time when I had to climb through a window becauseI was locked out of the house.

29、 6 Unfortunately I spilt water over myassignment, so I had to print another copy. 7 When my friends suggested that they wanted to play football on thebeach, I decided to join in. 8 When the cherry trees burst into bloom, I think of myvisit to Japan two years ago. 9 I would only lose my clean licence

30、 if ever I had acar accident in which I was driving under the influence of alcohol. 10 The people I think are easy on the eye are attractiveand pleasant to look at. 5 Translate the sentences into Chinese. 1 Finally, with my mother red in the face and short of breath, we find Room8, I unlock the door

31、, and we all walk in. 等我們終于找到8號(hào)房間的時(shí)候，媽媽已經(jīng)漲紅了臉，累得上氣不接下氣。我打開門鎖，我們都走了進(jìn)去。 2 She impresses me, and I feel so ignorant that I shouldn’t even breathethe same air as her. 她給我留下了深刻的印象，我覺(jué)得自己太無(wú)知了，甚至不配跟她呼吸同樣的空氣。 3 I don’t know why I have to be introduced to literature but the woman inthe admissions office says

32、 it’s a requirement even though I’ve read Dostoyevskyand Melville and that’s admirable for someone without a high school education. 我不知道為什么我非得了解文學(xué)?？墒钦猩k公室的那位女士說(shuō)，雖然我讀過(guò)陀思妥耶夫斯基和梅爾維爾的小說(shuō)，雖然一個(gè)沒(méi)上過(guò)高中的人能讀這些書的確令人敬佩，但這門課是必修課。 4 I’m in heaven and the first thing to do is buy the required textbooks,cover them w

33、ith the purple and white NYU book jackets so that people in thesubway will look at me admiringly. 我樂(lè)得飄飄然了，第一件事就是去買所需要的課本，然后用紐約大學(xué)紫白相間的護(hù)封把它們套起來(lái)，這樣地鐵里的乘客就會(huì)向我投來(lái)艷羨的目光了。 5 Then the professor tells us ideas don’t drop fully formed from theskies, that the Pilgrims were, in the long run, children of the Ref

34、ormationwith an accompanying world-view and their attitudes to children were soinformed. 接著，教授告訴我們，觀念并不是從天而降的現(xiàn)成品。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，清教徒是宗教改革運(yùn)動(dòng)的 產(chǎn)物，他們繼承了宗教改革運(yùn)動(dòng)的世界觀，并且他們對(duì)孩子的態(tài)度也由此體現(xiàn)了宗教改革運(yùn)動(dòng) 的思想。 6 Translate the sentences into English. 1 他們對(duì)業(yè)余劇社的介紹給蘇菲留下了深刻的印象，于是她就報(bào)了名。(Amateur Dramatics; sign up for) Theirintroduct

35、ion of Amateur Dramatics impressed Sophie so much that she signed upfor it. 2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育為全職人員提供了利用業(yè)余時(shí)間接受繼續(xù)教育的機(jī)會(huì)。(work full time) Onlineeducation provides those who work full time with opportunities to receivefurther education in their spare time. 3 剛上大學(xué)時(shí)，他不知道是否需要把老師講的內(nèi)容一字不落地都記下來(lái)。(be supposed to; scribble

36、down) When hefirst arrived at university, he was not sure whether he was supposed toscribble down every word out of the professor’s mouth. 4 沒(méi)有人覺(jué)察出他隱藏在笑容背后的絕望。(detect) No onedetects his despair well hidden behind his smile. 5 有些學(xué)生能輕松自如地與陌生人交談，可有些學(xué)生卻很難做到這一點(diǎn)。(be easy about) Somestudents are easy about

37、 talking with strangers, while some others find it hardto do so. Unit 2 Active reading one Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions. 1 honest about the situation or your opinions, even if this offends people(frank) 2 a place that many people go to for a ho

38、liday (resort) 3 tasting extremely good (yummy) 4 containing a lot of liquid, so tasting good (juicy) 5 dark in a way that makes you feel sad or a little afraid (gloomy) 6 lack of experience of life (innocence) 7 the ability to understand and make good judgments about something (perception) 8 ideas,

39、 behaviour, or statements that are not true or sensible (nonsense) 4 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box. 1 The waves were very large in size as they fell onto the beach. (enormous) 2 There was so much seafood that it was holding tightly onto the plate. (clingin

40、g) 3 In the area of land where they were visiting, it wasn’t usual to eatfish and chips. (region) 4 When he had eaten the shellfish, he got rid of the shells. (discarded) 5 To eat shellfish you need special tools to break open the shells and digout the food. (implements; crack; scrape) 6 The boy was

41、 especially fond of his mother’s bread and cakes from theoven. (baking) 7 Because they’re smooth, wet and quite difficult to hold, it’s quite achallenge to try your first oysters. (slippery) 5 Answer the questions about the words in thebox. 1 Which word means feeling? (emotion) 2 Which word means a

42、feeling that a situation is so bad that there’s nothingyou can do to change it? (despair) 3 Which word means to say you’re not happy with someone or something? (complain) 4 Which word describes how your face looks when you’re annoyed or worriedabout something? (frown) 5 Which word describes somethin

43、g that is unpleasant to taste, smell orsee? (nasty) 6 Which word means to say something to someone in order to have fun byembarrassing or annoying them slightly? (tease) Active reading 2 Dealing withunfamiliar words 4 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions in the box. 1 Is something

44、stimulating likely to make you feel (a) moreactive, or (b) more passive? 2 Are the properties of chocolate likely to be (a) itsfeatures, or (b) the way it’s made? 3 If one thing accounts for another, does it explain (a) themeaning of it, or (b) the reason for it? 4 Is something that is manufactured

45、something (a) handmade, or (b) made in afactory? 5 If chocolate helps release hormones from the brain, does it (a) help causehormones to leave the brain, or (b) contain hormones, then let them go? 6 If you crush something, do you (a) press itstrongly, or (b) squeeze it gently? 7 If you have inherite

46、d something, have you got it from (a)society, or (b) your parents? 8 When something melts, does it become (a) solid, or (b) liquid? 9 When you confess something, would you (a) tellpeople, or (b) not tell them? 5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box. For a (1) pro

47、duct which you enjoy but don’t really need, chocolate is extremely(2) beneficial to your health. Chocolate as we know it today first appeared inthe 1800s, when liquid chocolate was poured into a (3) shaped container to cooland become solid. Then the chocolate (4) maker Lindt discovered how to make c

48、hocolate(5) break easily by adding extra cocoa butter, and Daniel Peter first made milkchocolate using milk which had been (6) concentrated and then mixed with cocoa paste,which gave it a smoother (7) taste. But the (8) appeal for so many people ofchocolate is both an (9) inherited (10) characterist

49、ic and an effect of the 300chemicals it contains, including vitamins. Key: (1) luxury (2) nourishing (3) mould (4) manufacturer (5) snap (6) condensed (7) flavour (8) popularity (9) genetic (10) trait Language in use giving extrainformation 1 Rewrite the sentences. 1 The restaurant was in a Frenc

50、h seaside resort by the Atlantic Ocean. Youget excellent seafood from the Atlantic Ocean. The restaurant was in a French seaside resort by the Atlantic Ocean, whereyou get excellent seafood. 2 My father had decided to take me for lunch to a restaurant. He wanted meto try my first oyster. My father,

51、who wanted me to try my first oyster, had decided to take mefor lunch to a restaurant. 3 The oyster was unlike anything I have ever tasted before or since. Itwas slippery. The oyster, which was slippery, was unlike anything I have ever tastedbefore or since. 4 Chocolate is made from the beans of the

52、 cacao tree, Theobroma cacao.Theobroma cacao means “food of the gods”. Chocolate is made from the beans of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao, whichmeans “food of the gods”. 5 The world’s best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, didn’tappear until the end of the 19th century. Milk chocolate is

53、 sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate. The world’s best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, which issweeter and smoother than dark chocolate, didn’t appear until the end of the 19th century. 6 Daniel Peter perfected the process of making milk chocolate. He was Swiss. Daniel Peter, who wa

54、s Swiss, perfected the process of making milkchocolate. leaving out words 2 Rewrite the sentences. 1 ... and the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs,prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish which were clinging onto each other... ... and the waiter had already brought

55、 an enormous portion of seafood, crabs,prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other ... 2 On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was abattery of implements which were used to crack the shells ... On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, a

56、nd alongside was abattery of implements used to crack the shells ... 3 The next development was learning how to get cocoa butter from the beans,a process which was first tried in 1825. The next development was learning how to get cocoa butter from the beans,a process first tried in 1825. 4 Condensed

57、 milk is a thick, sweet milk which is sold in cans. Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk sold in cans. 5 Hormones are a chemical substance which is produced by your body. Hormones are a chemical substance produced by your body. word formation 3 Form new words with the following words andthe prefix

58、es / suffixes in the table. air – airsick car – carsick fiction – non-fiction help – helpful sea – seasick shop – shopaholic smoker – non-smoker spoon – spoonful stop – non-stop work – workaholic 4 Answer the questions with the words youformed in Activity 3. What’s the word for: 1 how you feel if t

59、he sea makes you ill? (seasick) 2 someone who likes shopping a lot? (shopaholic) 3 what something is if it is useful and providing help? (helpful) 4 what a flight is if it goes directly from one place to another? (non-stop) 5 someone who doesn’t smoke? (non-smoker) 6 writing which is about real peop

60、le and events, not imaginary ones? (non-fiction) 5 Translate the sentences into Chinese. 1 Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea.It looked as gloomy as I felt. 外面，天空灰蒙蒙的，海面上刮來(lái)一陣強(qiáng)風(fēng)。天氣看起來(lái)和我的心情一樣陰郁。 2 “Now, stop complaining, try one oyster for me, then you can have som

61、ethingnice and easy to eat, maybe some prawns with bread and butter,” he suggested,striking a note of compromise for the first time during the whole meal. “好啦，別抱怨了，就給我嘗一只牡蠣，然后你就可以吃些好吃、順口的東西，比如對(duì)蝦加黃油面包?！彼嶙h說(shuō)。吃了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的飯，他的話中第一次有了妥協(xié)的意思。 3 But with the clear conception which only a ten-year-old boy can h

62、ave, Istill understood that the compromise included eating that oyster, sitting on the side of my father’splate. 但是，盡管清晰地感覺(jué)到了他的妥協(xié)——只有一個(gè)十歲的男孩才有這樣的感覺(jué)，我仍然明白這妥協(xié)包含著吃掉那只牡蠣，那只放在我父親的盤子邊上的牡蠣。 4 The chocolate sets into bars which will easily snap into pieces and thenmelt in the mouth. （添加了可可油后）巧克力凝固成易折斷的條塊，入

63、口即化。 5 But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties thathave made millions of peopleconfess to being chocaholics? 但是，是什么原因使得巧克力出奇地暢銷？又是什么原因?qū)е铝饲煽肆Φ纳习a特性，使無(wú)數(shù)人承認(rèn)自己是巧克力迷呢？ 6 Translate the sentences into English. 1 他們這兒不賣薯?xiàng)l，如果你想吃，得去肯德基或麥當(dāng)勞。(serve) They don’t serve chips / French

64、fries here. If you want them, you have togo to a KFC or McDonald’s. 2 他揀起一個(gè)核桃，想用錘子把它砸開，可沒(méi)想到卻把它砸碎了。(crack; crush) He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer, but instead hecrushed it. 3 當(dāng)金子加熱融化后，他們把金水倒進(jìn)模子，鑄成金條。(melt; mould) When the gold was heated and melted, they poured it into a mo

65、uld to form agold bar. 4 他承認(rèn)是他打破了教室的窗玻璃。(admit to) He admitted to breaking the window of the classroom. 5 令我們欣喜的是，新的經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃開始對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生積極影響。(have ? effecton) To our delight, the new economic policy is beginning to have a positive effecton the economy. Unit 3 Active reading one Dealing with unfamiliar

66、words 4 Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions. 1 to move your body so it is closer to or further from someone orsomething (lean) 2 a total amount made by adding several numbers or amounts together (sum) 3 the ability to think about and plan for the future, using intelligenceand imagination (vision) 4 used for emphasizing that something refers to one specific situation (particularly) 5 a feeling that you do not trust someone or something (suspicion) 6 to press or move your hands or a