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1、倒裝句講解,英語句子通常有兩種語序：一種是陳述語序，一種是倒裝語序。 將謂語的一部分或全部置于主語之前的語序叫做倒裝語序。 倒裝可分為二種：將整個謂語提到主語之前的叫完全倒裝（full inversion）； 而只將be 、情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞放在主語之前的叫做部分倒裝（partial inversion）。,一、完全倒裝,1. There be結(jié)構(gòu)。另外,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替be動詞的動詞有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:,There stood a dog before him. There exist differen

2、t opinions on this question.,鞏固練習(xí): 1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill. A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at,2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副詞開頭的句子里。,“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主語“ 結(jié)構(gòu)。,Here comes the old lady! Then came t

3、he hour we had been looking forward to. There comes the bus. Now comes your turn.,如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝。如: Here you are. There she comes.,(2). 表示方向的副詞out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒裝。如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝。如:,In came Mr. White. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy.,2) There _. And here _. A. goes the p

4、hone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she,3) Out _, with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush 4) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him. A. Jumped down the ro

5、bber B. Jumped the robber down C. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped,(3).當(dāng)表示地點的介詞詞組(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首時。,At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. Ea

6、st of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.,5) Near the church _ cottage. A. was such an old B. had a so old C. was such old a D. is so an old,3.“分詞(代詞) + be + 主語“結(jié)構(gòu)。如:,Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. Such was the story he told me.,6) _, a man of achiev

7、ements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits. A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein C. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein 7) _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon. A. Gone B. Go C. To go D. Going,二、部分倒裝,部分倒裝是把be動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞放到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞,要在主語之前加助動詞do / does / did等,而把原來的謂語動詞變成原形放在

8、主語之后。,1. 句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。,這類詞或短語主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（幾乎不，簡直沒有）, no sooner（立即）, not only, in no way（決不）, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:,Not a word did I say to him. Never have I found him so happy. Little does he care about what I said. I cant

9、 swim. Neither can he. No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.,鞏固練習(xí): 1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off. A. I had arrived at B. had I arrived C. had I reached D. I had got to 2) Have you ever seen anything like that before? No, _ anything like that before. A. I never have seen

10、 B. never I have seen C. never have I seen D. I have seen 3) She is not fond of cooking, _ I. A. so am B. nor am C. neither D. nor do,2. only + 狀語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如:,Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介詞短語) Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副詞) Only when the war was over in 1

11、918 was he able to get happily back to work. (從句),4) Only in this way _ make progress in your English. A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to 5) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend. A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able to D. was able to he,3. so或so引導(dǎo)的短

12、語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如:,I saw the film, so did she. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.,6) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _. A. so did Charlie B. Charlie did so C. Charlie does so D. did Charlie so 7) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; c

13、ould everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could,4. “Not only + 分句,but also + 分句“句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝。如:,Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.,但not only.but also.連接主語時,不倒裝。如: Not only the mother but also the children are sic

14、k.,8) _ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong. A. Not was only he B. Not only he C. Not only was he D. Not only was,5. Not until放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。如:,Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (簡單句) Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (復(fù)合句),9) No

15、t until the early years of the 19th century _know what heat is. A. man did B. man C. didnt man D. did man 10) Not until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I B. did I C. I didnt D. I,6. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如:,Many a time ha

16、s John given me good advice. Often have we made that test.,12) Many a time _ swimming alone. A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy go D. did go the boy,7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里,May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China!,巧記倒裝句,在帶有倒裝句的復(fù)合句（或并列句）中，到底應(yīng)在何處倒裝，不少初學(xué)者覺得難以掌握。下面的順口溜可以幫助你較容易地掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)形

17、式。 NB前倒后不， O，NU主倒從不倒， 2N前倒后也倒， NM前后均不倒。,O代表only狀語從句；NU代表Not until狀語從句。此兩種結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時，倒裝主句而不倒裝從句，即：“主倒從不倒”。如： 1）Only when he told me did I know it 2）Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted No soonerthan，HardlyScarcelywhen等句型也屬此類用法。如： No sooner（Hardly） had we reached home than（w

18、hen）it began to rain,2N代表Neithernor所引導(dǎo)的并列句。2N若位于兩分句之首，則前后分句均倒裝。即“前倒后也倒”。如： Neither do I know her name，nor does he.,NM即No matter引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。此時前面從句及后面主句均不倒裝。即“前后均不倒”。如： No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us,練習(xí),1. -“ Look ! Here _.” -“Oh, thank God . Here_.” A. the teacher comes ; he comes B.

19、 comes the teacher ; comes he C. does the teacher come ; does he come D. comes the teacher ; he comes 2. We waited and waited. _ we had been looking forward to. A. Then came the moment B. Then did the moment come C. The moment then came D. Then was coming the moment 3. _can you expect to get a pay r

20、ise. AWith hard work BAlthough work hard COnly with hard work DNow that he works hard,D,A,C,4. Only after _ to go to school. A. New China was founded ; he was able B. was New China founded ; was he able C. New China came into being ; was he able D. New China founded ;he was able 5. Little _ about hi

21、s own safety, though he was in great danger himself. A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared 6. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was . A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize

22、 7. No sooner _to the cinema _the film began. A. had he got ,than B. he had got, when C. did he get ,than D. had he got ,when,C,A,B,A,8. Not only _interested in football but _beginning to show an interest in it. A the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his st

23、udents C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are 9.-Did you enjoy that trip? -Im afraid not. And _. A. my classmates dont either B. my classmates didnt ,either C. neither did my classmates D. both B and C 10. So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found,D,B,D,Bye-bye !,