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1、There?be?句型? 1.?定義：There?be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。 2.?結構：(1)?There?is?+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+?地點狀語.???????????? ?(2)?There?are?+復數(shù)名詞+地點狀語.?? there是引導詞，在句中不充當任何成分，翻譯時也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當主語是兩個或兩個以上的名詞時，謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個名詞一致。? ?①?There?is?a?bird?in?the?tree.???樹上有一只鳥。? ②?There?is?a?teacher?and?m

2、any?students?in?our?classroom.??我們教室里有一位老師和許多學生。? ③?There?are?two?boys?and?a?girl?under?the?tree.?樹下有兩個男孩，一個女孩。 3. ?There?be句型與have的區(qū)別： ?(1)?There?be?句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There?be表示“某處存在某物或某人”，強調存在關系；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，強調所有、擁有關系。? There?be結構一般用在句子的開頭，而have(has)等詞只能用于某一個主語后面。? ?eg.? ①?He?has?two

3、?sons.???他有兩個兒子。 ? ②?There?are?two?men?in?the?office.????辦公室里有兩個男人。? (2)?當have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時，There?be?句型與其可互換。? e.g.??A?week?has?seven?days.?=There?are?seven?days?in?a?week.??一個星期有七天。? ? 4.?There?be句型的時態(tài)? There?be可以有現(xiàn)在時（there?is/are）、過去時(there?was/were)、將來時(there?is/are?going?to?be或there?wil

4、l?be)； 5. ?There?be句型的句式:?? 變臉一：否定句?? There?be句型的否定式的構成和含有be動詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not?a/an/any?+?n.?相當于no+?n.。例如：?? There?are?some?pictures?on?the?wall.?→There?aren't?any?pictures?on?the?wall.? =There?are?no?pictures?on?the?wall.?? There?is?a?bike?behind?the?tree.?→?Th

5、ere?isn't?a?bike?behind?the?tree.?=There?is?no?bike?behind?the?tree.??? 變臉二：一般疑問句?? There?be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調整到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可，此為\"調整法\"。但同時要注意：當肯定句中有some時，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）?？纯聪旅鎯删涫侨绾蝄"改頭換面\"的吧：??There?is?some?water?on?Mars.?→?Is?there?any?water?on?Mars??? There?are?some?fish?in?the?water.?→Are?ther

6、e?any?fish?in?the?water????? 變臉三：特殊疑問句?? There?be 句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：? ?①?對主語提問：當主語是人時，用"Who's+介詞短語?"；當主語是物時，用"What's?+?介詞短語?"。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，對之提問時一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況來決定)。如：??There?are?many?things?over?there.?→What's?over?there??? There?is?a?little?girl?in?the?room.??→Who?is?in?the?room???

7、 ②?對地點狀語提問：提問地點當然用"Where?is?/?are+主語?"啦！例如：??There?is?a?computer?on?the?desk.?→?Where?is?the?computer??? There?are?four?children?on?the?playground.?→Where?are?the?four?children?? ?③?對數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種句型結構：?? How?many+復數(shù)名詞+are?there+介詞短語？?? How?much+不可數(shù)名詞+is?there+介詞短語定變化也一樣）。 看看下面兩句是如何\"改頭換面\"的吧：??There?is?some?water?on?Mars.?→?Is?there?any?water?on?Mars??? There?are?some?fish?in?the?water.?→Are?there?any?fish?in?the?water???