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I 摘 要 本課題是車床撥叉上螺紋底孔加工鉆床夾具設(shè)計(jì)，而車床撥叉它位于車床變速機(jī) 構(gòu)中，主要起換檔，使主軸回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)按照工作者的要求工作，獲得所需的速度和扭矩 的作用。 本設(shè)計(jì)中，根據(jù)撥叉尺寸公差、形狀和位置公差、表面粗糙度、技術(shù)要求、工件 材料、毛坯類型、熱處理與表面保護(hù)等要求來設(shè)計(jì)。夾具的總體設(shè)計(jì)包括從方案制定 到總裝配圖的設(shè)計(jì)的全部過程。包括確定工件的定位，選擇或設(shè)計(jì)定位元件，計(jì)算定 位誤差；確定刀具的導(dǎo)引和對(duì)刀方式，選取或色痕跡導(dǎo)引元件或?qū)Φ对?；確定工件 的夾緊方式，選擇或設(shè)計(jì)夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)或裝置，計(jì)算夾緊力；確定夾具體及其他裝置的結(jié) 構(gòu)類型等。 通過合理的設(shè)計(jì)，在保證零件加工質(zhì)量前提下,提高生產(chǎn)效率,降低消耗,以取得較 好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。 關(guān)鍵詞：夾具，設(shè)計(jì)，鉆床，螺紋底孔； II Abstract The topic is The design of the drilling machine fixture for Processing lathe shifting fort upper thread bottom hole, and lathe shifting fort located in the lathe speed institutions, mainly from the shift so that the spindle rotary movement of workers in accordance with the requirements of work, have the necessary speed and torque Role. The design, based on tolerance shifting fort size, shape and location of tolerance, surface roughness, technical requirements, the workpiece material, rough type, heat treatment and surface protection and other requirements of the design. Fixture for the overall design, including programming from the assembly to the design of the entire process. Including the identification of the workpiece location, location choice or design components, calculated positioning error; determine the tool and guided the knife, or select the color traces of knife- guided components or components; determine the workpiece clamping, choice or design clamping Or device, calculated clamping force; identify specific folders and other devices, such as the type of structure. Through rational design, to ensure the quality of parts processing premise, increase production efficiency and reduce consumption, to achieve better economic and social benefits. Keywords: Fixture, Design,Drilling Machine,Thread Bottom Hole； 科技譯文 3 目錄 摘 要 ....................................................................I ABSTRACT .................................................................II 第一章 緒論 ..............................................................1 1.1 背景 ...............................................................1 1.2 夾具的特點(diǎn) .........................................................1 1.3 研究夾具的目的和意義 ...............................................4 1.4 論文構(gòu)成及研究?jī)?nèi)容 .................................................4 1.4.1 論文構(gòu)成 ........................................................4 1.4.2 本設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容及要求 ..........................................5 第二章 機(jī)床夾具概述 ......................................................6 2.1 夾具的現(xiàn)狀及生產(chǎn)對(duì)其提出新的要求 ...................................6 2.2 夾具的國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì) .........................................6 2.3 現(xiàn)代夾具的發(fā)展發(fā)向 .................................................7 2.3.1 精密化 ..........................................................7 2.3.2 高效化 ..........................................................7 2.3.3 柔性化 ..........................................................7 2.3.4 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ..........................................................7 2.4 機(jī)床夾具及其功用 ...................................................8 2.4.1 機(jī)床夾具 ........................................................8 2.4.2 機(jī)床夾具的功能 ..................................................8 2.5 機(jī)床夾具在機(jī)械加工中的作用 .........................................8 2.6 機(jī)床夾具組成和分類 .................................................9 2.6.1 機(jī)床夾具的基本組成部分 ..........................................9 2.6.2 機(jī)床夾具的其他組成部分 ..........................................9 2.7 機(jī)床夾具的分類 ....................................................10 2.7.1 按夾具的通用特性分類 ...........................................10 2.7.2 按夾具使用的機(jī)床分類 ...........................................11 2.8 機(jī)床夾具設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn) ..................................................11 第三章 夾具設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................12 3.1 夾具設(shè)計(jì)概述 .......................................................12 4 3.1.1 機(jī)床夾具設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求和步驟 ...................................12 3.1.2 機(jī)床夾具的分類和組成 ...........................................13 3.1.3 工件安裝與獲得加工精度的方法 ...................................13 3.1.4 工件在夾具中的定位原理 .........................................14 3.1.5 常見定位方式及定位元件 .........................................14 3.1.6 工件在夾具中的夾緊原理 .........................................15 3.1.7 確定刀具位置及鉆套的選擇 .......................................16 3.1.8 夾具總圖的繪制及標(biāo)注 ...........................................18 3.1.9 機(jī)床夾具總圖上尺寸的標(biāo)注 .......................................19 3.1.10 機(jī)床夾具總圖上技術(shù)條件的標(biāo)注 ..................................19 3.1.11 機(jī)床夾具調(diào)刀尺寸的標(biāo)注 ........................................20 3.2 夾具設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................21 3.2.1 問題的提出 .....................................................21 3.2.2 定位方案 設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................22 3.2.3 定位元件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................23 3.2.4 切削力與夾緊力計(jì)算 .............................................23 3.2.5 定位誤差計(jì)算 ...................................................23 3.2.6 導(dǎo)向方案選擇 ...................................................24 3.2.7 導(dǎo)向元件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................24 3.2.8 導(dǎo)向誤差計(jì)算 ...................................................24 3.2.9 夾緊裝置的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................24 3.2.10 設(shè)計(jì)夾具體 ....................................................25 3.2.11 夾具工作原理 ..................................................25 3.3 夾具在安裝和操作時(shí)應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng) .....................................25 3.3.1 夾具的安裝 .....................................................25 3.3.2 夾具在操作時(shí)應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng) .......................................26 3.4 夾具可行性分析 .....................................................26 3.4.1 夾具的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益分析 .............................................26 3.4.2 夾具的可行性 ...................................................27 第四章 總結(jié) .............................................................28 致謝 .....................................................................29 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................30 科技譯文 .................................................................31 科技譯文 I