MG400-930-WD型電牽引采煤機截割部設(shè)計【含CAD圖紙、說明書】
MG400-930-WD型電牽引采煤機截割部設(shè)計【含CAD圖紙、說明書】,含CAD圖紙、說明書,mg400,wd,牽引,采煤,機截割部,設(shè)計,cad,圖紙,說明書,仿單
專題論述重載齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇：
變位齒輪的產(chǎn)生
19世紀末，展成切齒法的原理及利用此原理切齒的專用機床與刀具的相繼出現(xiàn)，使齒輪的加工已具有較完備的手段后，漸開線齒輪更顯示出更巨大的優(yōu)越性。標準漸開線齒輪的特點是設(shè)計計算簡單并有互換性，尤其在滾齒加工方法出現(xiàn)以后，這種有點就更加突出。但是在工程設(shè)計中常常會遇到需要齒數(shù)很少的齒輪，加工出來以后，發(fā)現(xiàn)它產(chǎn)生了根切或腹切現(xiàn)象，破壞了正確的漸開線齒廓，在運動中振動加劇，噪音增高，而且使齒根強度顯著降低，非常容易斷齒。另外，在各種減速器的設(shè)計中，中心矩多為標準的。采用標準漸開線齒輪就很難保證每對齒輪的中心矩都與保準所規(guī)定的要求相符合。為了克服上述標準齒輪的兩個主要缺點，于是出現(xiàn)了變位齒輪，即在切齒時只要將切齒工具從正常的嚙合位置稍作移動，就能用標準刀具在加工標準齒輪的機床上切出相應(yīng)的變位齒輪。歸納起來，變位齒輪有以下幾種功用：
1） 由于傳動比和空間的限制，必須采用齒數(shù)很少的齒輪時，可以消除根切現(xiàn)象，并且可提高齒輪的抗彎強度及使用壽命；
2） 提高齒輪傳動的接觸強度。變位齒輪雖然仍是漸開線齒輪，但齒廓是利用曲率半徑較大的漸開線線段。也就是說，取較大的總變位系數(shù)xc,即嚙合角aw增大可以提高齒輪的接觸強度。根據(jù)計算和試驗，齒輪采用變位的方法可使齒輪傳動的承載能力增高20%-25%，甚至更高，而使用壽命則可增長200%或更長；
3） 提高輪齒抗磨損和耐膠合的性能。應(yīng)用適當?shù)淖兾环椒梢燥@著的降低嚙合的滑動速度和減小滑動比，從而提高輪齒抗磨損和耐膠合的性能。此外，如果采用正變位，即利用曲率半徑較大的漸開線線段時，兩個相互嚙合的齒面更接近于雷諾方程的推導(dǎo)條件，所以還可以改善齒輪傳動的流體力學(xué)性能和潤滑狀態(tài)；
4） 在使用多于需用最小齒數(shù)的齒輪時，也會使齒輪的抗彎強度有較大的提高。在模數(shù)不變的情況下，輪齒的抗彎強度隨著齒形系數(shù)YF的增大而增大，而齒形系數(shù)YF 又隨著變位系數(shù)的增大而增加。如果總的變位系數(shù)不變，為了提高某個齒輪的抗彎強度，還可以在兩個齒輪之間適當分配這一數(shù)值，使抗彎強度較弱的齒輪得到較大的增強，以提高整個齒輪傳動的抗彎強度。在個別情況下，采用變位可使齒輪的抗彎強度提高一倍以上；
5） 配湊中心矩。在齒數(shù)和模數(shù)已定的前提下，如果嚙合齒輪對的中心矩不能滿足時，通過變位可使連個嚙合的齒輪的中心矩滿足上述要求。這種功能在減速器的設(shè)計中應(yīng)用最廣泛，因此減速器的中心矩都是標準的；
6） 修復(fù)費舊齒輪。增大相互嚙合大齒輪的負變位系數(shù)并重新制造正變位的小齒輪，即保證了原有中心矩不變，又可滿足原來傳動比的要求。尤其在大型開式齒輪傳動中應(yīng)用，效益更為顯著，因為一個大齒圈有達50t的，其價值可達50-70萬元，甚至更貴重一些。
7） 此外，采用變位還可以增大重合度系數(shù)，加大齒根圈以保證齒輪強度等其他功用。
變位齒輪的優(yōu)點
8） 提高齒輪的接觸強度；
9） 減少吃面磨損和膠合的可能性。兩滑動表面的磨損與其摩擦面的材料、正壓力、滑動速度、加工精度和潤滑條件等因素有關(guān)。如果材料和加工精度已經(jīng)確定，則吃面的磨損就只與正壓力、滑動速度和潤滑條件有關(guān)。采用變?yōu)閲Ш峡梢燥@著地降低齒輪表面的相對滑動速度和正壓力，并且能夠大大地改善潤滑條件；
10） 提高齒輪的抗彎強度；
11） 提高傳動效率；
12） 減輕齒輪的重量；
13） 修復(fù)廢舊齒輪；
14） 改造現(xiàn)有的標準齒輪
變?yōu)橄禂?shù)的選擇
變位齒輪的性能與其變位系數(shù)的選擇正確與否有著極為密切的關(guān)系。在變位齒輪的設(shè)計計算中，能夠迅速而正確地選擇變位系數(shù)十分關(guān)鍵，不僅可加快計算速度，而且還能滿足所要求的嚙合性能指標。
畢業(yè)設(shè)計任務(wù)書
學(xué)院 專業(yè)年級 學(xué)生姓名
任務(wù)下達日期： 20**年 3月 5 日
畢業(yè)設(shè)計日期： 20**年 3月 26 日 至 20** 年 6 月 25日
畢業(yè)設(shè)計題目： MG400/930-WD型電牽引采煤機截割部設(shè)計
畢業(yè)設(shè)計專題題目：重載圓柱直齒齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇
畢業(yè)設(shè)計主要內(nèi)容和要求：
參考參數(shù)
截割部功率：400KW 滾筒截深：800mm
采高范圍：1.8—3.76m 適應(yīng)煤質(zhì)硬度：中硬或中硬以上，能截割一定的矸石層
煤層傾角：Y<45 電動機轉(zhuǎn)速： 1470轉(zhuǎn)/分
滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速：27-30轉(zhuǎn)/分
頂板中等穩(wěn)定、地板起伏不大
無鏈電牽引
設(shè)計要求
1. 完成采煤機總體方案的設(shè)計；
2. 選擇一主要部件完成其傳動及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計；
3. 完成主要部件、組件、零件圖、裝配圖的設(shè)計；
4. 編寫完成整機設(shè)計計算說明書；
5. 專題論述重載圓柱直齒齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇。
院長簽字： 指導(dǎo)教師簽字：
摘 要
摘要：本文完成了MG400／930一WD電牽引采煤機的整機外形的布局設(shè)計，介紹了采煤機的類型和工作原理，以及目前國內(nèi)采煤機的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢，從左搖臂、左牽引部、左行走部、左電器控制箱、右電器控制箱、右行走箱、右牽引部、右搖臂的具體布局到各次的特點都有所涉及；重點完成了采煤機搖臂的設(shè)計計算，包括搖臂殼體以及殼體內(nèi)一軸、第一級惰輪組、二軸、第二級惰輪組、第三級惰輪組、中心輪組、第一級行星減速器、第二級行星減速器幾乎所有零部件的裝配關(guān)系，各軸的轉(zhuǎn)速計算，功率的傳遞計算，第一級 圓柱直齒齒輪減速器的設(shè)計計算，第二級圓柱直齒齒輪減速器的設(shè)計計算，第一級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算，第二級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算，各軸的設(shè)計以及校核，所有軸承支撐處軸承的選擇校核、花鍵連接處花鍵的選用以及校核。
關(guān)鍵詞： 采煤機 ；電牽引；搖臂 ；行星輪減速器
ABSTRACT
Abstract:This paper completed a MG400/930 WD Electric Traction Shearer of equipment configuration for the layout .Shearer introduced the type and principle,and the current domestic Shearer's current situation and development trend .From The left arm、left traction Department、 the Department of left running,、the electrical control box on the left and right electrical control box,、dextral box、 and the right of traction 、right arm to the specific layout of the features have been covered，shearer will focus on completing the design of the Rocker which including Shell and Shell within one axis,、the first-round group inert、 two-axis,、the second-round group inert、 the third-round group inert,、the center round group、first-class planetary reducer,、and the second-stage planetary reducer almost all parts of the assembly.The shaft speed and power transmission are calculated importont .First-class Spur Gear reducer design calculation, the second-straight cylindrical gear reducer design, first-class planetary reducer design calculation, the second-stage planetary reducer design, the design of the shaft and Verification, Bearing all the support bearings choice Department Verification, Key spent connecting Department spent Key Selection and Verification.
Keywords： seam；shearer；electrical haulage；Rocker ；Planetary gear reducer
目 錄
1 綜述 1
1.1對設(shè)計題目的分析 1
1.1.1 設(shè)計思路的提出 1
1.1.2設(shè)計藍圖 1
1.1.3選取采煤機的搖臂完成傳動和結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計 3
1.1.4牽引行走部 3
1.1.5截割部、行走部電機的選用 4
1.1.6搖臂減速箱 5
1.2采煤機的概況 5
1.2.1采煤機的類型 5
1.2.2采煤機的主要組成 5
1.2.3滾筒采煤機的工作原理 6
1.2.4采煤機的進刀方法 6
1.3采煤機的發(fā)展趨勢 6
2 設(shè)計過程 7
2.1整機功率的安排 7
2.2搖臂減速器傳動比的安排 7
2.3搖臂減速箱的具體結(jié)構(gòu) 7
2.3.1殼體 7
2.3.2一軸 7
2.3.3第一級減速惰輪組 8
2.3.4二軸 8
2.3.5第二級減速惰輪 8
2.3.6中心齒輪組 8
2.3.7第一級行星減速器 8
2.3.8第二級行星減速器 8
2.3.9中心水路 9
2.3.10離合器 9
2.4各軸的轉(zhuǎn)速 9
2.5各軸的功率 9
2.6截割部齒輪的設(shè)計計算 10
2.6.1第一級減速圓柱直齒輪的設(shè)計計算 10
2.6.2第二級減速圓柱直齒輪的設(shè)計計算 18
2.6.3第一級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算 27
2.6.4第二級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算 36
2.7截割部軸的設(shè)計及校核以及軸承的選用和校核 46
2.7.1齒輪軸1 46
2.7.2第一級惰輪軸 49
2.7.3二軸齒輪 53
2.7.4第二級惰輪軸 56
2.7.5第三級惰輪軸（雨第二級惰輪軸相同） 60
2.7.6中心齒輪軸 60
2.8截割部花鍵連接強度校核 64
2.8.1電動機輸出軸與齒輪嚙合處的花鍵 64
2.8.2二軸處與齒輪嚙合的花鍵 64
2.8.3中心輪與太陽輪嚙合處的花鍵 65
2.8.4第一級行星減速器機架與第二級行星減速器太陽輪嚙合處的花鍵 66
2.8.5方法蘭與第二級行星減速器機架嚙合處的花鍵 66
專題論述重載齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇： 68
變位齒輪的產(chǎn)生 68
變位齒輪的優(yōu)點 69
變?yōu)橄禂?shù)的選擇 69
參考文獻： 70
英文原文 71
中文譯文 77
致謝 85
本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計
姓 名： 學(xué) 號：
學(xué) 院： 機電工程學(xué)院
專 業(yè)： 機械工程及自動化
設(shè)計題目： MG400/930-WD型電牽引采煤機截割部設(shè)計
專 題： 重載圓柱直齒齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇
指導(dǎo)教師： 職 稱：
年 6 月 25
畢業(yè)設(shè)計任務(wù)書
學(xué)院 機電學(xué)院 專業(yè)年級 機械工程及自動化 學(xué)生姓名
任務(wù)下達日期： 年 3月 5 日
畢業(yè)設(shè)計日期：
畢業(yè)設(shè)計題目： MG400/930-WD型電牽引采煤機截割部設(shè)計
畢業(yè)設(shè)計專題題目：重載圓柱直齒齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇
畢業(yè)設(shè)計主要內(nèi)容和要求：
參考參數(shù)
截割部功率：400KW 滾筒截深：800mm
采高范圍：1.8—3.76m 適應(yīng)煤質(zhì)硬度：中硬或中硬以上，能截割一定的矸石層
煤層傾角：Y<45 電動機轉(zhuǎn)速： 1470轉(zhuǎn)/分
滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速：27-30轉(zhuǎn)/分
頂板中等穩(wěn)定、地板起伏不大
無鏈電牽引
設(shè)計要求
1. 完成采煤機總體方案的設(shè)計；
2. 選擇一主要部件完成其傳動及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計；
3. 完成主要部件、組件、零件圖、裝配圖的設(shè)計；
4. 編寫完成整機設(shè)計計算說明書；
5. 專題論述重載圓柱直齒齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇。
院長簽字： 指導(dǎo)教師簽字：
畢業(yè)設(shè)計指導(dǎo)教師評閱書
指導(dǎo)教師評語（①基礎(chǔ)理論及基本技能的掌握；②獨立解決實際問題的能力；③研究內(nèi)容的理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)方法；④取得的主要成果及創(chuàng)新點；⑤工作態(tài)度及工作量；⑥總體評價及建議成績；⑦存在問題；⑧是否同意答辯等）：
成 績： 指導(dǎo)教師簽字：
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中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計評閱教師評閱書
評閱教師評語（①選題的意義；②基礎(chǔ)理論及基本技能的掌握；③綜合運用所學(xué)知識解決實際問題的能力；③工作量的大??；④取得的主要成果及創(chuàng)新點；⑤寫作的規(guī)范程度；⑥總體評價及建議成績；⑦存在問題；⑧是否同意答辯等）：
成 績： 評閱教師簽字：
年 月 日
畢業(yè)設(shè)計評閱教師評閱書
評閱教師評語（①選題的意義；②基礎(chǔ)理論及基本技能的掌握；③綜合運用所學(xué)知識解決實際問題的能力；③工作量的大?。虎苋〉玫闹饕晒皠?chuàng)新點；⑤寫作的規(guī)范程度；⑥總體評價及建議成績；⑦存在問題；⑧是否同意答辯等）：
成 績： 評閱教師簽字：
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畢業(yè)設(shè)計答辯及綜合成績
答 辯 情 況
提 出 問 題
回 答 問 題
正 確
基本
正確
有一般性錯誤
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沒有
回答
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年 月 日
摘 要
摘要：本文完成了MG400／930一WD電牽引采煤機的整機外形的布局設(shè)計，介紹了采煤機的類型和工作原理，以及目前國內(nèi)采煤機的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢，從左搖臂、左牽引部、左行走部、左電器控制箱、右電器控制箱、右行走箱、右牽引部、右搖臂的具體布局到各次的特點都有所涉及；重點完成了采煤機搖臂的設(shè)計計算，包括搖臂殼體以及殼體內(nèi)一軸、第一級惰輪組、二軸、第二級惰輪組、第三級惰輪組、中心輪組、第一級行星減速器、第二級行星減速器幾乎所有零部件的裝配關(guān)系，各軸的轉(zhuǎn)速計算，功率的傳遞計算，第一級 圓柱直齒齒輪減速器的設(shè)計計算，第二級圓柱直齒齒輪減速器的設(shè)計計算，第一級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算，第二級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算，各軸的設(shè)計以及校核，所有軸承支撐處軸承的選擇校核、花鍵連接處花鍵的選用以及校核。
關(guān)鍵詞： 采煤機 ；電牽引；搖臂 ；行星輪減速器
ABSTRACT
Abstract:This paper completed a MG400/930 WD Electric Traction Shearer of equipment configuration for the layout .Shearer introduced the type and principle,and the current domestic Shearer's current situation and development trend .From The left arm、left traction Department、 the Department of left running,、the electrical control box on the left and right electrical control box,、dextral box、 and the right of traction 、right arm to the specific layout of the features have been covered，shearer will focus on completing the design of the Rocker which including Shell and Shell within one axis,、the first-round group inert、 two-axis,、the second-round group inert、 the third-round group inert,、the center round group、first-class planetary reducer,、and the second-stage planetary reducer almost all parts of the assembly.The shaft speed and power transmission are calculated importont .First-class Spur Gear reducer design calculation, the second-straight cylindrical gear reducer design, first-class planetary reducer design calculation, the second-stage planetary reducer design, the design of the shaft and Verification, Bearing all the support bearings choice Department Verification, Key spent connecting Department spent Key Selection and Verification.
Keywords： seam；shearer；electrical haulage；Rocker ；Planetary gear reducer
目 錄
一般設(shè)計部分
1 綜述 1
1.1對設(shè)計題目的分析 1
1.1.1 設(shè)計思路的提出 1
1.1.2設(shè)計藍圖 1
1.1.3選取采煤機的搖臂完成傳動和結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計 3
1.1.4牽引行走部 3
1.1.5截割部、行走部電機的選用 4
1.1.6搖臂減速箱 5
1.2采煤機的概況 5
1.2.1采煤機的類型 5
1.2.2采煤機的主要組成 5
1.2.3滾筒采煤機的工作原理 6
1.2.4采煤機的進刀方法 6
1.3采煤機的發(fā)展趨勢 6
2 設(shè)計過程 7
2.1整機功率的安排 7
2.2搖臂減速器傳動比的安排 7
2.3搖臂減速箱的具體結(jié)構(gòu) 7
2.3.1殼體 7
2.3.2一軸 7
2.3.3第一級減速惰輪組 8
2.3.4二軸 8
2.3.5第二級減速惰輪 8
2.3.6中心齒輪組 8
2.3.7第一級行星減速器 8
2.3.8第二級行星減速器 8
2.3.9中心水路 9
2.3.10離合器 9
2.4各軸的轉(zhuǎn)速 9
2.5各軸的功率 9
2.6截割部齒輪的設(shè)計計算 10
2.6.1第一級減速圓柱直齒輪的設(shè)計計算 10
2.6.2第二級減速圓柱直齒輪的設(shè)計計算 18
2.6.3第一級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算 27
2.6.4第二級行星減速器的設(shè)計計算 36
2.7截割部軸的設(shè)計及校核以及軸承的選用和校核 46
2.7.1齒輪軸1 46
2.7.2第一級惰輪軸 49
2.7.3二軸齒輪 53
2.7.4第二級惰輪軸 56
2.7.5第三級惰輪軸（雨第二級惰輪軸相同） 60
2.7.6中心齒輪軸 60
2.8截割部花鍵連接強度校核 64
2.8.1電動機輸出軸與齒輪嚙合處的花鍵 64
2.8.2二軸處與齒輪嚙合的花鍵 64
2.8.3中心輪與太陽輪嚙合處的花鍵 65
2.8.4第一級行星減速器機架與第二級行星減速器太陽輪嚙合處的花鍵 66
2.8.5方法蘭與第二級行星減速器機架嚙合處的花鍵 66
專題論述重載齒輪變位系數(shù)的選擇： 68
變位齒輪的產(chǎn)生 68
變位齒輪的優(yōu)點 69
變?yōu)橄禂?shù)的選擇 69
參考文獻： 70
英文原文 71
中文譯文 77
致謝 85
英文原文
The Technical Situation and Development Trend of Electrical Haulage Shearers
Abstract： In this paper，the technical development history and technical situation of electrical haulage shearersfor thin seam of China are reviewed，and the main technical parameters，general structure，serialization anddevelopment trend of such sheares are introduced．
Keywords： thin seam；shearer；electrical haulage；multi—motor driving；transverse arrangement
German Eickhoff company and American JOY company, the mid 70's in 20 centuries develops a direct current to lead to adopt coal machine one after another.Henceforth, each mainly adopted coal machine a research a manufacturing a company to all lead to adopt coal machine to carry on to the electricity in the world a great deal of of study a development.80The age expected to appear alternate current to lead to adopt coal machine behind.90Age, the big power electricity which develops to gather electronics, micro-electronics, information management and calculator intelligence technique in the integral whole leads to adopt coal machine, like the LS series of American JOY company, British Long-Airdox the Electra, SL series of the company, the EDW, SL series of German Eickhof company, three wells in Japan three pond creation the MCLE-DR of series etc. the electricity lead to adopt coal machine.The electricity leads to adopt coal machine good and dependable sex with its function parameter Gao, automation degree Gao, operation convenience, supervision protection and examination the function perfect and economic performance Gao Deng3's advantage be quickly expanded an usage.
1 The foreign electricity leads long to adopt the coal machine development general situation
1.1German Eickhof company
After 1976 developped successful direct current to lead to adopt coal machine, it was basic to stopped a liquid to press to lead a development research of adopt the coal machine and continuously developped various form electricities to lead to adopt coal machine.90The SL series that the age develop is horizontal to arrange the alternate current lead to adopt coal machine, cut to mow electrical engineering to arrange in shaking arm.Among them, the S type electricity leads to adopt coal machine to pack machine power to reach to one 580 kWs, biggest lead dint 998 LSOkNs.SL300 type electricity leads to adopt coal machine to always pack machine power one 018 kWs, the adoption double change once the Pin machine drag along one system, biggest lead speed to reach to 54.5 ms/rai system the system have to hand over with each other a type a person the machine dialogue, equipments healthily forecasts, the on-line control, data deliver etc. function.
1.2 :British Long-Airdox company
After 1984 developped success the first set cut to mow electrical engineering to arrange at many decorations with horizontal electrical engineerings of shake the arms get Electra550 type direct current led to adopt coal machine, at its foundation top enlargement power, and then develop into an Electra1000 type direct current to lead to adopt coal machine.90Age, on the model foundation of the Electra series, enlargement power, the improvement controls system, developped EL series alternate current to lead to adopt coal machine and the main model contains EL600, EL1000, EL1500, EL3000 type.At EL series model up equip of the Impact integrate protection and supervise and control system and have burden to control, machine supervision, adopt coal machine to automatically position, automatically key up, district control, the intelligence turn safe catena and random break down diagnosis, data to deliver etc. function.
1.3American JOY company
2070's in century's developping successfully a 1 ls many electrical engineerings is successfullyhorizontal to arrange the direct current after lead adopt coal machine continuously developped a 2 IS ISs-7s again etc. type many electrical engineerings are horizontal to arrange the direct current lead to adopt coal machine.71.55 adopt the coal machine total power one 940 kWs, lead the speed 30 ms/min.Adopt a strong dint sells a track to have no chain to lead system, the enlargement chain track stanza is apart from with width, and adopt a forging to sell a row;Equip and 6 LS5 type the in general use JNA machine carry calculator information center and have person's machine communication interface, break down diagnosis sketch to show and store, wireless control from a distance, lead functions such as control and protection etc..
1.4 Japan
1987The year continuously develops to succeed various series alternate current of the MCLE-DR which mow electrical engineering to lengthways set outs to lead to adopt coal machine behind and developped to cut many electrical engineering alternate currents of mow the electrical engineering horizontal decorations to lead to adopt coal machine again for the last few years.Adopt the coal machine has tiny machine work condition a monitor and breaks down diagnosis system, can the numerical manifestation lead speed, roller position, stay a bottom coal thickness, electrical engineering load and everywhere temperature, have wireless remote control, and can add infrared ray shoot the machine manipulate a liquid to press a support.
1.5 Poland the KOMAG mine for minerals a mechanization research center
Poland continuously developped KSE in developping successful KSE a 344 thin coal seam alternate currents with Chinese cooperation to lead foundation of adopt the coal machine a 360, KSE a 700, KSE one 800 RWs/2 BPs, KSE a 535 Ss/2 BPs, KSE1000 type etc. alternate current lead to adopt coal machine.Adopt the coal machine cuts deeply from 630171111 raise 800-1000 mms.
1.6 Russia
The former Soviet Union 70's in 20 centuries develops a K128 Is-Is.The direct current after lead adopt coal machine develops to succeed various direct currents to lead to adopt coal machine one after another again.9The age of the o developped K a 8 etc. alternate currents to lead to adopt coal machine.Every consider, the electricity of Russia leads to adopt coal machine power smaller, the direct current lead and the function parameter is lower.
2 The local electricity leads to adopt the coal machine development general situation
In recent years.The our country electricity led to adopt develop of coal machine to obtain a substantial progress with development, carry on two developments in digesting to absorb abroad to usher in to adopt the coal machine technical foundation and owned many have an independent intelligent property right of change a product, at our country coal mine comprehensive the mechanization adopt coal work noodles, coal science studies total Shanghai branch in the hospital and Poland cooperates, after the local initiative develop successful our country's first adoption exchanges change Pin adjust soon technical thin coal seam to climb scaleboard to adopt coal machine, branch in Shanghai again successively develop succeed cut to mow the alternate current that the electrical engineering lengthways sets out to lead to adopt coal machine and cut to mow electrical engineering horizontal set out of be applicable to in thick with the alternate current of thinner coal seam lead to adopt coal machine, and succeed applied at the Jin city, Huai south, Xu2 Zhou, big equal mineral duty bureau.
3 Technique characteristics and develop trend
3.1 pack machine power to enlarge.The function parameter raise
(1)The single set piece mows electrical engineering power all in the 400 kWs above.The most adopts the coal machine single set piece to mow electrical engineering power to already arrive 6 OO kW, the 7 LS5s adopts the coal machine single set piece to mow electrical engineering power to be up to 750 kWs.
(2)Lead power all above in the 80 kWs, biggest already 220 kWs.
(3)Always pack machine power more than one 000 kWs, reach to one 94 OkWs such as the 7 LS5s, the EL3000 always packs machine power as tallest as 2000 kWs.
(4)Lead speed and lead dint to significantly raise.Lead the speed l 5-25 ms/min, lead the dint 500 kNs above.Biggest lead speed 54.5 ms/rain(SL300), biggest lead dint 998 kNs.
(5)Cut to mow power aggrandizement, the support random pays to protect of realization, the enlargement roller cuts deeply.The l is 0 year agos and cut deeply mostly is a 630-700 Inll1s, widespread now adopt 1000-1200 Zis to cut deeply, separately attain 1500 Infnses to cut deeply.
(6)The exaltation adopts the coal machine credibility with can utilization.The abroad adopts coal machine a dollar a parts a design life span:The wheel gear 12500 hs, the bearings is 20000-30000 hses, the electrical engineering insulates the life span 44000 hs, and the roller adopts coal 640,000 ts.Adopt coal machine to greatly fix a period for 2 years, the coal measure 300-5,000,000 ts.Our country requests that adopting coal machine coal measures a 150-2,000,000 ts but not and greatly fixs, the margin is very big.
3.2 medium high pressure power supplies
Along with adopt coal machine to pack the machine power significant exaltation, the work noodles continuously lengthens, the whole work noodles capacity works over the 5000 kWs the noodles length attain 300 ms.In order to reduce power line road to exhaust, quality and electrical engineering function of the exaltation power supply, high pressure power supply in the widespread adoption.The main power supply grade has a 2300, 3300, 4160 and 5000 V etc..
3.3 supervisions protection system intelligence turn
The modern electricity leads to adopt the intelligence that the coal machine all has establishment in the microprocessor foundation to turn supervision, monitor and protection system, can carry out to hand over with each other type person machine dialogue, wireless control from a distance, the work condition monitor and appearance show, the data collect to save and deliver, health(break down) diagnosis and with early warning, auto control, automatically key up etc. various functions, adopt the coal machine maintenance quantity least by assurance, the utilization is the tallest, and can carry out to press a support with liquid and work the noodles transport the information of machine to hand over with each other with allied move a control etc. function.Such as Anne virtuous Sen company EL series the model up equips Impac:The t integrates protection and supervision system, the Eichhof of the Eichhof company a data gathers together technique system, the JOY company 6 LS type the electricity lead the JNA network information center of adopt the coal machine etc..
Supervise and control protection system intelligence to turn main function:
(1)Load the control passes the monitor that the piece mows electrical engineering electric current, adjust to adopt lead of coal machine speed and make to adopt coal machine under the different work condition with superior turn of the parameter carry on a work and promise to spread to move system to don't easily be continuously pounded at influence;
(2)Work noodles fixed position control's identifying to adopt coal machine is work the position of noodles, automatically decelerate in the machine head, machine tail with stop, match with a realization auto with support to random move;
(3)Transport machine with work noodles allied machine burden the control pass a burden monitor of transport the machine to regulate to adopt the adopt of coal machine amount of coal and make to adopt coal machine and transport the production ability of machine to match mutually;
(4)Automatically keying up a control will have the coal rock boundary of certain resolution to identify to spread a feeling machine to combine a calculator control and constitute a coal rock boundary to spread feeling device and coal rock boundary to identify system.Have already apply to physically or just be placed in research at the production currently with experiment the coal rock of stage identify a method and analytical the system mainly have:Remember the intelligence distance control, the analytical and natural D of the vibration frequency chart shoot line, measure dint to cut Chi, radioisotope, Zao voice the infrared ray, radar probe into etc..Remember an intelligence distance to control a coal rock boundary to identify and control system among them an application at most is what foreign main model adopt to automatically key up a technique currently in actually the production.But radar's probing into a technique to be think be a kind of coal rock boundary which have application foreground most
Identify a method;
(5)Circulate appearance supervision and manifestation adopts coal machine a data to collect system
Can collect machine parameter:If the Eickhof company SL series adopts coal machine a material to have MICOS68 mineralses to use tiny machine system, main course 10 single submenus include to adopt coal luck to go appearance;Automatically manipulate;Cut to mow a parameter;Lead a parameter, liquid presses system parameter, each examination to order temperature, each electric motor electric current;Water measure, water pressure;Control system soft, hardware model number;Diagnosis, early warning(password) etc., the most protection item can hand over a way to with each other shield through person's machine;
(6)The data deliver, agreeable slot control and ground supervision's adopting the coal machine long range communication and work noodles concentration a control technique be the marking of modern mineral well.
(7)Expert system and breakdown diagnose data and information from the examination and movement parameter of the supervision, function with former machine maintenance, usage the circumstance carry on a comparison, carry on diagnosis to the healthy movement of machine, can also to particular mistake and recommend the project provide risk valuation.
3.4 electricities lead system to adjust to soon develop toward the exchanges
The electricity leads to adopt a lead of coal machine's method to press the type of lead the electrical engineering and can is divided into direct current to lead and communicates to lead.The electricity in earlier period leads to adopt coal machine to mostly adopt direct current to adjust soon system.Develop success from the mid 80's of Japan 20 centuries the first set alternate current lead to adopt coal machine and communicate that adjusting soon system is advanced with its technique, dependable sex Gao, the maintenance manage in brief, the price cheap etc. advantage, drive quick expansion application.9The big power electricity expected to develop behind in the age of the o lead
3.6 have no chain to lead toward the wheel gear one Chi track the type turn into
Along with lead continuously enlarge of the dint, sell a round one Chi track type's having no chain to lead have already eliminate, wheel gear one chain track type's having no chain to lead have already not much use as well, now adopt coal machine have no the chain lead to just and gradually incline toward adoption wheel gear one Chi track type have no the chain lead, this is 1 kind from the wheel gear on selling a track type to turn in to since then have no chain to lead structure, cylinder's sell is replace by the Chi track and weld structure to change whole nicety cast or forge, the width enlarge, the stanza is apart from to increase to°from the 125 mms l 75 mms.
4 The local electricity leads to adopt the coal machine research contents
The local electricity leads to adopt coal machine a representative model and foreign electricity to lead to adopt coal machine to compare and have already near in the total parameter function foreign 20 centuries age initial stage of 9 o level.But some key partses and it the total function, function, orientation scope...etc. still treat further perfect with raise.Particularly on-line work condition monitor, breakdown diagnosis and forecast, the signal deliver and adopt coal machine to automatically control, spread a feeling machine etc. the intelligence turn technique and abroad to compare to still have a bigger margin.
As a result the local electricity leads intelligence of adopt the coal machine to turn degree low, the equipments credibility, safety with can support sex worse, the local electricity will lead to adopt coal machine from now on
Main research contents is as follows:
(1)Further perfect communicate with exaltation change the Pin adjust soon credibility of lead the system.The point is perfect and raises system device of anti- earthquake, spread hot and defend tide etc. function;
(2)The research dependable tiny machine electricity controls system.Point is the exaltation adopts coal machine the electricity controls the system anti- interference, anti- hot effect of ability;
(3)Development or to build up the electricity control the supervision function of system.Point is the research breaks down diagnosis and expert system, the works condition monitor, manifestation and information to deliver system and work the noodles adopt coal machine to automatically circulate control system and change from the orientation Pin electric circuit of electric leakage examination and protection technique, shake arm to automatically key up system etc.;
(4)Development can the mineral of four quadrant movements use to communicate change the Pin adjust to soon equip.Make to adopt coal function to adapt the demand that bigger Qing Cape coal seam mine;
(5)The development packs machine power to largerly adopt coal machine, the exaltation adopts coal machine can the research of utilization and life span;
(6)The research that the electric appliances component is small scaled to turn.In order to packing machine power to enlarge, electric motor, transformer, change Pin machine etc. the physical volume of the equipments also corresponds aggrandizement, for satisfy whole the machine structure arrange tightly packed of request, have to study an equipments small scaled turn of technique path.
中文譯文
電牽引采煤機的技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢現(xiàn)
摘 要： 本文介紹了我國薄煤層電牽引采煤機的技術(shù)發(fā)展歷史和現(xiàn)狀，重點介紹薄煤層電牽引采煤機的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)、總體結(jié)構(gòu)、系列化及其發(fā)展趨勢。
關(guān)鍵詞： 薄煤層；采煤機；電牽引；多電機驅(qū)動；橫向布置
德國Eickhoff公司和美國JOY公司，20世紀70年代中期相繼研制出直流電牽引采煤機。此后，世界上各主要采煤機研究制造公司均對電牽引采煤機進行了大量的研究開發(fā)。80年代后期出現(xiàn)了交流電牽引采煤機。90年代，開發(fā)出集電子、微電子、信息管理以及計算機智能技術(shù)于一體的大功率電牽引采煤機，如美國JOY公司的LS系列、英國Long-Airdox公司的Electra、SL系列，德國Eickhof公司的EDW、SL系列， 日本三井三池制作所的MCLE—DR系列等電牽引采煤機。電牽引采煤機以其性能參數(shù)優(yōu)良、可靠性高、自動化程度高、操作方便、監(jiān)控保護及檢測功能完善、經(jīng)濟效益高等優(yōu)點被迅速推廣使用。
1 國外電牽采煤機發(fā)展概況
1.1德國Eickhof公司
自1976年研制成功直流電牽引采煤機后，基本停止了液壓牽引采煤機的開發(fā)研究，陸續(xù)開發(fā)了多種形式電牽引采煤機。90年代開發(fā)的SL系列橫向布置交流電牽引采煤機，將截割電機布置在搖臂上。其中S型電牽引采煤機裝機功率達1 580kW，最大牽引力998LSOkN。SL300型電牽引采煤機總裝機功率1 018 kW，采用雙變頻器一拖一系統(tǒng)，最大牽引速度達54．5m／rai制系統(tǒng)具有交互式人機對話、設(shè)備健康預(yù)報、在線控制、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)裙δ堋?
1.2 ：英國Long—Airdox公司
自1984年研制成功第一臺將截割電機布置在搖臂上的多電機橫向布置得Electra550型直流電牽引采煤機后，在其基礎(chǔ)上加大功率，又研制成Electra1000型直流電牽引采煤機。90年代，在Electra系列機型基礎(chǔ)上，加大功率，改進控制系統(tǒng)，開發(fā)了EL系列交流電牽引采煤機，主要機型有EL600、EL1000、EL1500、EL3000型。在EL系列機型上裝置的Impact集成保護及監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，具有負荷控制、機器監(jiān)控、采煤機自動定位、自動調(diào)高、區(qū)域控制、智能化安全連鎖、隨機故障診斷、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)裙δ堋?
1.3美國JOY公司
20世紀70年代研制成功1ls多電機橫向布置直流電牽引采煤機后，又陸續(xù)研制了2IS-7IS等型多電機橫向布置直流電牽引采煤機。71．55采煤機總功率1 940kW， 牽引速度30m／min。采用JOYUltratmc2000型強力銷軌無鏈牽引系統(tǒng)，加大鏈軌節(jié)距和寬度，并采用鍛造銷排；裝備了與6LS5型通用的JNA機載計算機信息中心，具有人機通訊界面、故障診斷圖形顯示和儲存、無線電遙控、牽引控制和保護等功能。
1.4 日本
1987年后陸續(xù)研制成功多種截割電機縱向布置的MCLE—DR系列交流電牽引采煤機，近幾年又開發(fā)了截割電機橫向布置的多電機交流電牽引采煤機。采煤機裝有微機工況監(jiān)測及故障診斷系統(tǒng)，可數(shù)字顯示牽引速度、滾筒位置、留頂?shù)酌汉穸取㈦姍C負載及各處溫度，具有無線遙控，并可加裝紅外線發(fā)射器操縱液壓支架。
1．5 波蘭KOMAG采礦機械化研究中心
波蘭在與中國合作研制成功KSE一344型薄煤層交流電牽引采煤機的基礎(chǔ)上，陸續(xù)開發(fā)了KSE一360、KSE一700、KSE一800RW／2BP、KSE一535S／2BP、KSE1000型等交流電牽引采煤機。采煤機截深由630 171111提高到800—1 000 mm.
1．6 俄羅斯
前蘇聯(lián)20世紀70年代研制出K128I-I．直流電牽引采煤機后，又相繼研制成功多種直流電牽引采煤機。9o年代開發(fā)了K一8國型等交流電牽引采煤機?？傮w來看，俄羅斯的電牽引采煤機功率較小，直流牽引，性能參數(shù)較低。
2 國內(nèi)電牽引采煤機發(fā)展概況
近年來。我國電牽引采煤機的研制和開發(fā)取得了長足的進步，在消化吸收國外引進采煤機技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，進行二次開發(fā)，擁有了許多具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的換代產(chǎn)品，在我國煤礦綜合機械化采煤工作面，國產(chǎn)采煤機已經(jīng)占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位， 完全采用國產(chǎn)裝備的高產(chǎn)高效工作面不斷涌現(xiàn)。1991年，煤炭科學(xué)研究總院上海分院與波蘭合作，在國內(nèi)率先研制成功我國第一臺采用交流變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的薄煤層爬底板采煤機后，上海分院又先后研制成功了截割電機縱向布置的交流電牽引采煤機、截割電機橫向布置的適用于中厚和較薄煤層的交流電牽引采煤機，并成功應(yīng)用于晉城、淮南、徐州、大同等礦務(wù)局。
到目前為止，國內(nèi)各采煤機生產(chǎn)廠家均對交流電牽引采煤機進行了大量的研究開發(fā)。上海分院研制的MG系列電牽引采煤機已形成9大系列共幾十個品種，現(xiàn)正在開發(fā)裝機總功率達l 800 kW 的交流電牽引采煤機； 太原礦山機器廠與上海分院合作， 將AM500液壓牽引采煤機改造成MG 375／830一WD型
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