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1、Unit 5,The power of nature,知識清單,知識歸納,,,,,1. _____________ v. 爆發(fā); 噴出火焰 2. _____________ v. 配備 3. _____________ v. 任命; 委任; 指定 4. _____________ v. 評價; 評估 5. _____________ v. 預(yù)言; 預(yù)告; 預(yù)見,erupt,equip,appoint,evaluate,predict,(一) 基本單詞,6. ______________ adv. 完全地 7. ______________ adj. 潛在的 8. ______________

2、v. 許諾,absolutely,potential,reserve,height,unique,bathe,arouse,guarantee,14. volcanology n. ________________ 15. occasionally adv. ________________ 16. vary v. _________________ 17. protective adj. _________________ 18. actual adj. _________________ 19. unconscious adj. __________________ 2

3、0. appreciation n. __________________,火山學(xué),偶爾; 不經(jīng)常,欣賞; 賞識; 評定; 鑒定,相異; 使變化,保護的、防護的,實在的; 實際的,不省人事的; 未發(fā)覺的,1. ______________ n. 火山 ______________ adj. 火山的 ______________ n. 火山學(xué) ______________ n. 火山學(xué)家 2. ________________ vt. 任命; 約定; 指定 ________________ n. 任命人 ________________ n. 約會 ______________

4、__ adj. 約定的; 指定的,volcanic,volcanology,volcanologist,(二) 派生單詞,volcano,appointer,appointment,appointed,appoint,3. ___________ v. 呈現(xiàn)不同; 改變; 變化 ___________ n. (質(zhì)量，種類或特征的) 變化 ___________ adj. 不同的，各種各樣的,variety,various,vary,4. __________ adj. 絕對的; 完全的; 無疑的 __________ adv. 絕對地; 完全地,absolutely

5、,absolute,1. ________________________ 冒險做什么 2. ________________________ 全部焚毀 3. ________________________ 被任命為 4. ________________________ 前往 5. ________________________ 有天賦 6. ______________________ 是的家園,be home to,take risks of doing sth.,burn to the ground,be appointed as,make ones way to/to

6、wards,have a gift for,(三) 短語,8. natural reserve ______________ 9. guarantee against ______________ 10. a great diversity of ______________ 11. give birth to ________________ 12. be enthusiastic about ________________ 13. glance through ______________ 14. be in a panic ______________,處在

7、恐慌中,自然保護區(qū),保證不,多種的,分娩、出生,對很熱情/熱心,匆匆看一遍,核心要點,1. appoint vt. 任命; 委派; 約定; 指定 (時間, 地點等) 【教材原句】 I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago. 二十年前, 作為一名火山學(xué)家, 我被派到夏威夷火山觀測站(HVO)工作。,(一)單詞,【拓展】 appoint sb. as / to be 任命某人為 appoint sb. to do sth.

8、委派某人做某事 appoint sth. (for sth.) (為某事)確定(日期、場所),翻譯下列句子。 1) 戴維被任命為主席。 2) 她最近被任命為委員會成員。 3) 會議日期尚未確定。,David was appointed (as) chairman.,She has recently been appointed to the mittee.,A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.,2. suit n. （從事活動時穿的）成套服裝 vi. 適宜，有利于 【教材原句】 We had white protective

9、suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves. 我們都穿著白色的防護服遮住全身, 戴 上了頭盔和特別的手套, 還穿了一雙大 靴子。,【拓展】 suit sth. to sth. 使某物適合于另一事物 be suited for / to 適合 be suitable for sb. / sth. 適合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 適合做某事,【辨析】suit / fit / match suit常指花色、款式等方面適合。 fit常指衣服、鞋子等在尺寸、大小

10、等 方面適合。 match常指品質(zhì)、顏色、設(shè)計等方面 相稱。,選用合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空。 suit, fit, match 1) Short skirts dont really ______ me I havent got the legs for them. 2) This programme is not ________ for children. 3) The trousers dont _____ him; they are too small.,suit,suitable,fit,suit, fit, match 4) If you want to go by bus,

11、that ________ me fine. 5) The doors were painted blue to _______ the walls.,suits,match,3. shoot vt. 射中; 射傷 【教材原句】 She was shot. 她中槍了。,【歸納】 shoot sb. /sth. 射中某人/某物 shoot at sb. 瞄準(zhǔn)某人/某物,翻譯下列句子。 1) 他舉起槍, 向那只鳥射擊, 但沒有射中。 2) 警察擊中了那個小偷的腿部。,He lifted his gun and shot at the bird, but he didnt hit it.,Th

12、e policeman shot the thief in the leg.,4. anxious adj. 憂慮的; 不安的 【教材原句】 I was so anxious and couldnt move at first. 起初我很焦慮, 不敢動彈。,【歸納】 be anxious about / for sb. / sth. = be worried about sb. / sth. 為擔(dān)心 be anxious to do sth. = be eager to do sth. 渴望(急于)做某事【拓展】 anxiety n. 擔(dān)心; 焦慮; 渴望,根據(jù)所給漢語及英語提示完成下列

13、句子。 1) 一些人乘飛機旅行時會感到焦慮。 Some people feel _____________ air travel. 2) 把你的煩惱告訴醫(yī)生。 Share ______________ with your doctor. 3) 他強烈渴望在賽跑中獲勝。 He has _____________________ in the race.,anxious about,your anxieties,a strong anxiety to win,5. panic v. 受驚; 驚慌 n. 驚慌; 恐慌 【教材原句】 I felt very nervous and ha

14、d to force myself not to panic. 我非常緊張, 不得不 強迫自己不要驚慌。,【拓展】 panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人驚慌地做某事 get into a panic 使陷入驚慌狀態(tài) in panic 驚慌失措地 panic over / about / at sth. 對某事感到恐慌,根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給漢語提示完成下列句子。 1) When the fire broke out, the audience _______________ (陷入一片驚慌). 2) The crowd ___________ (因而恐慌) the sound

15、 of the guns and fled in all directions. 3) ___________ (不要驚慌), boys; theres no danger.,got into a panic,panicked at,Dont panic,6. guarantee v. 保證; 擔(dān)保; 保修 n. 保證; 擔(dān)保; 保修單 【教材原句】 If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, dont forget to make a wish to guarantee yo

16、ur love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself. 如果你有幸同你所愛的人去游天池, 別忘 了許愿以確保你們的愛情像湖水一樣深 厚、持久。,【用法】 guarantee sb. against / from... 保證某人免受損害、危險等 guarantee sb. sth. 對某人約定或保證 guarantee to do 保證某事發(fā)生 guarantee + that 從句（that可省略） under guarantee 在保用期內(nèi),翻譯下列句子。 1) 我們不能保證我們的航班永不延誤。 2) 我們賣出的鞋有六個月的保

17、修期。,We cant guarantee that our flights will never be delayed.,The shoes we sell have a six months / six-month guarantee.,make ones way to 前往 【教材原句】 It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre. 穿著這些衣服走起路來實

18、在不容易, 但我們還是緩緩?fù)鹕娇诘倪吘壸呷? 并且向下看到了紅紅的沸騰的中央。,(二)短語,【拓展】 make way for 為讓路 fight ones way 奮力前進 lose ones way 迷路 feel ones way 摸索前進 force ones way 強行前進; 擠出去 push ones way 擠出來 wind ones way 蜿蜒前進,翻譯句子。 The man made his way towards the harbour.,那位男子朝港口的方向走了。,【拓展】 at a (single) glance 看一眼(就) at first glance

19、乍一看、乍看之下 glance over 匆匆看一遍,2. glance through 匆匆看一遍 【教材原句】 Glance through theses questions. 瀏覽這些問題。,【辨析】 glance, glare, stare glance表示“一瞥、掃視”，強調(diào)瞬間動作; glare表示“怒目而視”; stare表示“凝視、盯著看”, 含有無理或粗魯?shù)囊馕? 也可以表示“驚奇、害怕或深思地看”。,3. vary from...to... 從到不等 【教材原句】 The land varies in height from 700 metres above s

20、ea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. 這里地面的高度從海拔700米到2,000多米不等, 是多種稀有動植物的生長地。,【拓展】 vary with 隨而變化 vary between...and... 由到情況不等 a variety of... 種類繁多的, 大量的 various adj. 不同種類的, 多種多樣的,1. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I dont mind because

21、danger excites me and makes me feel alive. 雖然我的工作偶爾也有危險, 但是我并不在乎, 因為危險能激勵我。 “make sb. do sth.”句式表示“使某人做某事”。make為使役動詞, do為省略了不定式符號to的不定式。,(三)句式,2. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 我剛要再睡, 突然我的臥室亮如白晝。 “be about to do sth.”句式表示“即將做某事”。表示有計劃、有安排地做某事, 相當(dāng)于m

22、ean to do sth., be going to do sth.。,動詞-ing形式作狀語 1. 動詞-ing形式可作狀語，表示時間、條件、原因、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等，其邏輯主語通常與句子的主語一致，動詞-ing形式所表示的動作與主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。,(四)語法,e.g. Hearing the news, students all jumped with joy. Working hard, youll certainly make your dream e true. Seeing nobody in the office, I decided to le

23、ave them a note. I got home, feeling very tired.,2. 動詞-ing形式的一般式所表示的動作常 與謂語動作同時發(fā)生，其完成式所表示 的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。 e.g. Reading the book alone in his room, Peter nodded from time to time. Having eaten too much for supper, Tom couldnt go to sleep,3. 動詞-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加not。 e.g. Not seeing Susan, I ask

24、ed where she was. Not having done it right, he tried again.,4. 動詞-ing形式作狀語, 其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞+動詞-ing形式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 e.g. John hurt his leg while playing football. The woman paused for a while as if waiting for a reply.,5. 動詞-ing形式可以有其獨立的邏輯主語，二者構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

25、。 e.g. Mr. Smith being ill, wed better put the meeting off. We explored the cave, Mike acting as guide.,6. 動詞-ing形式或獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語時， 可轉(zhuǎn)換為相對應(yīng)的狀語從句。 e.g. Hearing the sad story, Emma was moved to tears. = When she heard the sad story, Emma was moved to tears.,Not having done physical exercise f

26、or some time, Tim is not as energetic as before. = Because he hasnt done physical exercise for some time, Tim is not as energetic as before. Time permitting, Id like to see the new film. = If time permits, Id like to see the new film.,用括號內(nèi)動詞的正確形式完成下面短文。 1. ______________ (cause) more serious

27、 accidents last year than ever, young motorists now face stricter rules from the US Traffic Safety Board. 2. _________ (concern) for the safety of people, experts hold the view that young drivers especially should be banned from the roads at night. 3. ___________ (have) a few drinks with their frien

28、ds in a pub, young motorists often feel overconfident behind the wheel.,Having caused,Concerned,Having had,The worst time for accidents is Friday and Saturday nights. Although 4. ________ (drive) less than adults at night, teenagers are involved in more deathly accidents. In many southern states, w

29、ith an adult holding a driving license 5. ______ (sit) beside them, children of 15 or 16 are allowed to drive. The state issuing driving licenses to the youngest drivers is Arkansas. There children of 14 may drive under supervision (監(jiān)督) of an adult. 6. ______________ (drive) for two years the teenag

30、ers are then issued an official license.,driving,Having driven,sitting,They are only 16. Most experts agree that, 7. ______ (be) so young, youths cannot all be expected to act like responsible drivers. 8. ______________ (realize) this, several states have started to change the respective state laws.

31、,being,Having realized,如何介紹旅游景點 【寫作任務(wù)】 假設(shè)你是李華，你的新西蘭筆友Nick將于八月來四川旅游，特來信詢問有關(guān)旅游景點情況。請根據(jù)下表所提供的要點，寫一封回信，并表示盼望他的到來。,(五)寫作,注意： 1. 詞數(shù)100左右，信的格式及開頭已為你寫好 （不計入總詞數(shù)）。 2. 可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文 連貫。 3. 參考詞匯：省份province；海子lake；都江 堰水利工程Dujiangyan Irrigation Project,Dear Nick, Im glad to hear that youre ing to Sichuan

32、 in August. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua,【寫作指導(dǎo)】 介紹

33、旅游景點屬于說明文，所以它首先應(yīng)具備說明文的特點，即要按照一定的順序（時間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序等）和模式（先總后分、由整體到局部、由概述到細(xì)節(jié)等）來展開描寫。其次，要重點突出，詳略得當(dāng)。寫作時應(yīng)重點描寫旅游景點的特別之處，突出其獨特的風(fēng)景特色、歷史典故、地理風(fēng)貌、風(fēng)土人情、傳說故事、民族習(xí)俗或古跡名勝等，這樣才能給讀者留下深刻的印象。最后，語言要生動，富有感染力，使讀者有身臨其境之感且 能激起其強烈的旅游欲望。,此類寫作一般分為三部分： 第一部分：整體介紹。交代清楚自己要介 紹的對象是什么。 第二部分：按照一定的順序具體描寫景 觀，著重展示其最具有代表性 的地

34、方，使讀者如睹其物，如 臨其境。 第三部分：總結(jié)景觀魅力，希望讀者能親 身體驗該景觀。,另外，在寫作過程中我們還要注意： 1. 合理安排說明順序。在介紹方位時，最好按 空間順序來寫，這樣會使讀者一目了然，在 腦海中有一個清晰的方位圖。 2. 時態(tài)較為統(tǒng)一。多用一般現(xiàn)在時，如涉及到 歷史事件的描述，則用一般過去時。 3. 自然景觀與人文景觀的有機結(jié)合。不同的風(fēng) 景區(qū)有不同的特點，要對每個地方的自然風(fēng) 景進行描述，同時結(jié)合景觀的歷史及當(dāng)?shù)氐? 風(fēng)土人情、生態(tài)、環(huán)境保護等知識，以達(dá)到 自然景觀和人文景觀的和諧統(tǒng)一。,4. 抒發(fā)感情，融情于景。景點介紹不同于一般 的說

35、明文，在描寫景物時可抒發(fā)個人情感， 也可對景物進行生動細(xì)致的描寫。 【常用表達(dá)】 ... lie(s) in / on / to the east / west / north / south of ... Located in ..., ... covers an area of ... ... is located / lies in / to / on ..., covering an area of ... ... has bee one of the most popular tourist attractions for ...,... be known / famous for

36、 / as ... It has a population / an area of ..., with a history of ... The weather here gets neither too cold nor too hot all the year round. ... rich in tourist attractions and enjoy many world-famous places of interest, such as ... ... well known for ..., which ... If you e to ... for a visit, you

37、will have a chance to enjoy ... ..., known as ..., attracts visitors from all over the world.,Youve made a wise choice to travel ... Besides, the nice weather and convenient transportation ... can make your trip more enjoyable. A walk around ... is a feast for your eyes. Im sure youll have a good ti

38、me.,【參考范文】 Dear Nick, Im glad to hear that youre ing to Sichuan in August. Youve made a wise choice to travel here. Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. Jiuzhaigou is well known for it

39、s beautiful lakes, of which the water is clear and looks colorful. It can excite visitors imagination.,Another attraction is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It was built over 2,000 years ago and is still playing an important part in irrigation today. Besides, the nice weather and convenient transport

40、ation here can make your trip more enjoyable. Im sure youll have a good time. Im looking forward to your ing. Yours sincerely, Li Hua,高考鏈接,1. (2014浙江改編) Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ (appoint) to guard her. 答案：appointed

41、 考查非謂語動詞 句意：Amie Salmon, 殘疾, 委派一位護士全程陪她上學(xué)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 此處是nurse后的定語; appoint與nurse之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系, 故要用過去分詞作定語。,2. (2014福建改編) It is widely acknowledged that students should ________ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality. 答案：be evaluated 句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該用綜合能力對學(xué)生進行評價。,3. (2014江蘇改編) The lecture ________ been giv

42、en, a lively questionandanswer session followed. 答案：having考查非謂語動詞。a lively questionandanswer session followed緊跟著是一個問答環(huán)節(jié), 是句子主干, 所以逗號前面部分是要用非謂語動詞作狀語, the lecture與give之間是被動關(guān)系, 又give動作發(fā)生在follow動作之前, 所以要用having been done形式作狀語, 即表示被動, 又強調(diào)完成。,4.（2016天津）4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windo

43、ws, ____ air conditioning unnecessary. A. making B. to make C. made D. being made 答案：A, 分析：making是現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞表必然結(jié)果，to do不定式表出乎意料的結(jié)果?！皼鲲L(fēng)從臥室的窗外吹進來，必然使得空調(diào)是沒必要打開的。,5.（2016北京）32. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _______ the old town into a dreamland. A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turne

44、d 答案：B, 分析：turning是現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞表必然結(jié)果，to do不定式表出乎意料的結(jié)果?！靶陆顺膳诺哪局品课?，必然會使這個小鎮(zhèn)變成了夢想之地。,6.（2016浙江）19. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students. A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 答案：A, 分析：working是現(xiàn)在分詞做方式狀語，句意：我在海上航行和現(xiàn)在與學(xué)生在一起一樣快樂。I和work是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語。,7.（2015湖南）30.When the cle

45、rk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave. A. wondering B. wonder Cto wonder Dwondered 答案：A 解析：考查非謂語動詞。主句的主語she與動詞wonder構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，因此用v.ing形式作伴隨狀語，故選A。句意：當(dāng)那個小職員看到一張善良的面孔泛起皺紋并歉意地一笑時，她像生了根一樣站在那兒，不知道是走還是留。,8.（2015重慶）11. Like an

46、cient sailors, birds can find their way ____ the sun and the stars. A. used B. having used C. using D. use 答案：C 解析：試題分析：句意：象古代的水手，鳥能利用太陽和星辰來找到他們的路。Using是伴隨狀語。選C。,9.（2015天津）8. ______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. A. To work B. Worked C. To be working D. Having worked

47、 答案：D 解析：試題分析：句意：工作了兩天，Steve成功的按時完成了他的報告。句中的邏輯主語為Steve，與work之間為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，這里用having worked，表示動作的先后性。故選D。,鞏固練習(xí),1. That kind of behaviour is ___________ to make him angry. 2. I ________ when I saw a snake ing out of my room. 3. I think Bob is ill. He has a fever and hes ________ a lot. 4. Ive know

48、n Barbara for years. Since we were babies, ________.,I. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空。,panicked,guaranteed,actual, appreciate, guarantee, panic, sweat, wave,sweating,actually,5. At night, I listened to the sound of the _______ crashing against the shore. 6. Ill be sending them a donation in _____________ o

49、f their help.,waves,appreciation,actual, appreciate, guarantee, panic, sweat, wave,II. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。 1. The floor was covered ________ a sheet of plastic. 2. I was so busy this morning I could only glance __________ the newspaper. 3. Those anxious ____ reform say that the present system is too narrow

50、. 4. In length, the sticks vary from 3 cm ____ 5 cm. 5. When they arrived, the house had been burnt _____ the ground.,with,through/ at,for,to,to,III. 用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。 1. The old farmer came out of the ________ (burn) house, calling for help. 2. ________________ (record) the results of the experimen

51、t, Kate closed her notebook. 3. ________ (stare) out the window at the rain, Bob became more and more impatient. 4. _____________ (suffer) from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.,burning,Having recorded,Staring,Having suffered,5. ________

52、___ (tremble) with cold, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave. 6. ________ (jump) up and down, the cheerleaders urged the team on.,Trembling,Jumping,IV. 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 （1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 A huge dam is to be built on the Congo River. The first stage of the Grand Inga project, Inga 3, will c

53、ost $14 bn and consist 1. ____ a dam crossing one channel of the Congo River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) at Inga Falls and a 4,800 MW hydro-electric (水力發(fā)電的) plant. 2. ________ (follow) stages could cross the whole river, producing 40,000 MW of electricity.,of,Following,This would b

54、e twice the amount 3. ________ (produce) by the Three Gorges Dam in China and could provide Africa with 40% of its electricity. 35,000 people would have to move in the first stage and another 25,000 after that. The plan has made environmentalists 4. ______________ (fort). They say the dam will not o

55、nly result in the removal of tens of thousands of people 5. ____ permanent damage to the ecosystem.,unfortable,produced,but,Bruno Kapandji, who 6. _____________ (appoint) as head of Grand Inga at the end of 2015, however, says it is 7. ___________ (absolute) necessary as it is the only solution to D

56、RCs energy problems. It could easily supply Kinshasha and other cities, as well as providing energy to export, 8. ______ (solve) DRCs economic problems too. The DRC, 9. ________ has already guaranteed to supply South Africa with 2,500 MW of electricity by 2021, is anxious to e to a(n) 10. ___________ (agree) with prospective (有希望的) dam builders soon.,was appointed,absolutely,solving,which,agreement,