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1、Unit 5 : Part A,,,21st Century College English: Book 2,Holding On To A Dream,Pre-reading Activities Intensive Study Exercises Assignment,,,Intensive Study Difficult sentences Key words, phrases not give up,,,,,e.g. We should hold onto the house and sell it later when prices are higher. They hold on

2、 to their principles with a rare firmness.,Translate 你應(yīng)該繼續(xù)保留著石油股份。,Key You should hold on to your oil shares.,,While preparing to graduate from high school in 1987, ,,,The adverbial V-ing phrases are used in place of adverbial clauses to express time relationship, cause or reason, circumstances, etc

3、.. And they may follow after, since, when(ever), and while.,More to do,e.g. After throwing down his jacket, the stranger moved threateningly towards me. He wrote his greatest novel while working on a freighter.,1.He has travelled a lot, so he knows a great deal about other cultures. 2.After she had

4、 finished all her housework, she decided to see what was on TV.,X.Rewrite the following sentences.,Having travelled a lot, he knows a great deal about other cultures.,Having finished all her housework, she decided to see what was on TV.,,,Exercises Structure,讀寫教程 II: Ex. X, p. 144,,3.Because we had

5、spent nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay in a hotel. 4.Since she had forgotten his telephone number, she didnt know how to get in touch with him.,,Having spent nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay in a hotel.,Having forgotten his telephone number, she didnt know how to get in

6、 touch with him.,X.Rewrite the following sentences.,,,Exercises Structure,,5.After he had cleaned the windows, he started to mop the floor. 6.I feel much better now that Ive taken the medicine you gave me.,,Having cleaned the windows, he started to mop the floor.,Having taken the medicine you gave m

7、e, I feel much better.,X.Rewrite the following sentences.,Exercises Structure,,,,,Text-related information,,The University of Washington The University of Washington is a state -supported institution of higher education occupying a campus of 684 acres in Seattle, Washington State, USA. Founded in 18

8、61, the university is the oldest publicly supported institution on the US Pacific Coast. Instruction was first offered on a campus in what is now the central business district of Seattle. The move to the present campus was made in 1895. The university library collection containsover 5 million catalo

9、gued volumes, an equal number in microform and several million items in other formats.,,come up with 1) produce (a sum of money) when it is especially needed remaining part of the expenses,,Chinese Translation 除了把你欠的2000元還給我外，你別無選擇。,e.g. You have no choice but to come up with the $2,000 you owe me.,

10、More to learn,,,come up with 2) think of or suggest (a plan or a way of doing sth. esp. a very clever one),,,,e.g. Weve got a team of experts working on the problem lets wait and see what they come up with.,Translate 如果你不能在十秒內(nèi)想出這個問題的答案，這次游戲你就出局了。,Key If you cannot come up with an answer to the quest

11、ion in ten seconds, you are out of the game.,,,get by 1) just manage to survive and have a fairly satisfactory life, often used in get by (on sth.),,,,e.g. When I was a student I used to be able to get by on 20 yuan a month.,Translate 他靠這么一點兒薪水怎么過活？,Key How does he get by on such a small salary?,Mor

12、e to learn,,,get by 2) reach a standard that is acceptable but not very good,,,,,e.g. He should just about get by in the exam. Perhaps I can get by in a dark suit.,Translate 你的工作還過得去，但要爭取更上一層樓。,Key Your work could get by, but try to improve it.,,only if,,Cf. “If only” is used to express a wish, desi

13、re or pity. e.g. If only you had been to the party! If only she could have lived a little longer!,,“Only if” is used to describe a condition. e.g. I will come only if nothing is said to the press. He will agree to do it only if you promise to keep his secret.,More to do,1.I wish you could stay longe

14、r in Britain your English might improve. 2.Children may enter the club on the condition that they are accompanied by adults.,IX.Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if sentences.,If only you could stay longer in Britain

15、your English might improve.,Children may enter the club only if they are accompanied by adults.,,,Exercises Structure,讀寫教程 II: Ex. IX, p. 143,,3.Its too bad you didn tell me you had a spare ticket for the show! 4.You can go to the sky-diving exhibition as long as you promise you wont try it yourself

16、.,,If only youd told me you had a spare ticket for the show!,You can go to the sky-diving exhibition only if you promise you wont try it yourself.,IX.Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if sentences.,,,,Exercises Structu

17、re,The students at this university are allowed to take up part-time employment on the condition that it doesnt interfere with their studies. 6.Why did she tell my mother?! Everything would have been all right.,,The students at this university are allowed to take up part-time employment only if it do

18、esnt interfere with their studies.,If only she hadnt told my mother,everything would have been all right.,,IX.Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if sentences.,Exercises Structure,,,,Paraphrase ?,During these two years,

19、their parents cannot have stated on the tax forms that they were supported by the family (to entitle the family to deductions from its taxable income).,During that time, their parents cannot have claimed them as a dependent on the familys tax forms.,,,take (a period of time) off have (the time) from

20、 ones regular activity (as a break, a holiday or for some other activity),,,,,e.g. He usually plays tennis on Sunday but decided to take that Sunday off. He took two hours off to meet his sister at the airport.,Translate 我下周要休假。,Key Im taking next week off (work).,,Postponing my dream hurt, ,,,The

21、nominal V-ing phrase usually occurs in the position of subject, direct object, predicative, appositive, prepositional object, etc.,More to do,e.g. Seeing is believing. No one enjoys deceiving his own people. I am tired of being treated like a child.,1._____ (看到自己周圍這么多人生活在貧困之中) also made a strong imp

22、ression on her. 2._____ (在會上提出這個問題) will only cause trouble.,XI.Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject.,Seeing so many people around here living in poverty,Bringing up the subject at the meeting,,,Exercises Structure,讀寫教程 II: Ex. XI, p. 144,,3._____ (回顧往事) alwa

23、ys makes him feel happy. 4._____ (考試前熬夜學(xué)習(xí)) will not necessarily improve your scores.,,Looking back on the past,Staying up late studying before an examination,XI.Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject.,,,,Exercises Structure,5. _____ (既要全日工作，又要成為全日制學(xué)生) proved to

24、 be difficult at that time. 6._____ (住在家里不付房租) allowed Priscilla to save money for school.,,Working full-time and being a full-time student,Living at home rent-free,,XI.Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject.,Exercises Structure,,,sign up (for) sign ones name w

25、hen joining an organization, a group, or a course of study,,,,,e.g. What made you decide to sign up for the art course?,Translate 我們不會外出野餐，除非有更多的人報名加入。,Key We will not have the picnic unless more people sign up (for it).,,program n. plan or schedule of subjects studied for a particular course,,,,e.g

26、. A final thesis is required for most Masters programs and Doctorate program. Her new fitness program includes a 0.5-mile jog every morning.,,,shiftn. period of time worked by a worker who starts work as another finishes,,,,e.g. the day/night shift work in three shifts,,,make (both) ends meet be abl

27、e to manage financially because one has just enough money for ones needs; live within ones income,,,,e.g. They decided to sell their big house to make ends meet.,Translate 他設(shè)法干兩份工作來維持收支平衡。,Key He managed to make (both) ends meet with two jobs.,,,,he said he would offer me a job that took thirty hou

28、rs a month,he agreed to give me thirty hours a month,,,settingn. a particular set of circumstances or conditions,,,,,e.g. Working in a university setting you cant ignore these things.,Translate 孩子在家應(yīng)該受到照顧。,Key Children should be cared for in a home setting.,,qualify for have the right to have or do

29、(sth.),,,,,e.g. After three years here youll qualify for a rise. Our team has qualified for the semi-final.,Translate 他具有博士學(xué)位，顯然有資格接任這項工作。,Key With a Doctorate degree, he obviously qualifies for the job.,,as of / from starting from,,,,e.g. The new timetable will come into effect as from tomorrow.,

30、Translate 從下周開始，我將一直在家工作。,Key As of next week, I will be working at home.,,,stay up do not go to bed,,,,e.g. The children wanted to stay up late on Christmas eve, but their mother managed to put them to bed before eleven,Translate 直到半夜他還沒睡，一直在讀書。,Key He stayed up reading until midnight.,,,end up wit

31、h/doing (sth.) receive/do (sth.) in the end (esp. sth. One originally did not expect),,,,e.g. At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.,Translate 經(jīng)過許多努力，他們終于簽了合同。,Key After much effort, they ended up with a contract.,,,test out test as fully as possible; examine t

32、horoughly,,,,,e.g. He conducted experiments to test out his ideas. The drug is quite safe. We have tested it out on animals.,,throw oneself into put much effort, time and keenness into (a particular activity, etc.); do (sth.) with a lot of effort and energy,,,,e.g. She threw herself into her work h

33、eart and soul. He will throw himself into the battle against bureaucracy.,Translate 放學(xué)后，約翰一頭扎進(jìn)了計算機游戲。,Key After school, John threw himself into computer games.,,,,Text-related information,,More to know,Degree, Credit, and Credit hour Degrees are titles conferred on students by a college or universit

34、y on completion of a program of study. Normally there are four types of degrees: Associates (completion of a program in a specific career field), Bachelors (conferred after completion of an undergraduate program), Masters (first graduate degree), and Doctorate (second graduate degree and final degre

35、e).,,,Text-related information,Credits or credit hours are units of measuring educational credit based on a given number of classroom periods per week throughout a semester. At the college and university level, each course is assigned a number of credit hours. All degree programs require students to

36、 complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduation. In most Doctorate programs, students continue to take courses. Until they have earned enough credit hours to attempt their qualifying exams, they can begin to write their final thesis. Since degree requirements can be very complex and var

37、y from one program to another, all students should check with their departments and program advisors to make sure they are meeting the requirements of their particular program.,,,,Text-related information,,Community College A community college is a two-year college that offers programs of study enab

38、ling students to terminate their higher education with an earned degree, transfer to a senior college, or pursue studies that do not lead to a degree. An Associate of Arts or Associate of Science degree (A.A. or A.S.) is awarded upon completion of two years of study. Community colleges offer a wide

39、range of academic, vocational and avocational programs and also provide non-credit adult education. Students can transfer to four-year colleges from community college.,More to know,,,Text-related information,,Community colleges have fairly open admissions policy and flexible curricula. They are the

40、educational and cultural centers of the communities they serve. Wenatchee Valley College was founded in 1939, is a community college located 145 miles from Seattle in Wenatchee, Washington State, USA.,,Not having to work so many hours allowed her to make school her priority.,,,e.g. Fire engines and

41、ambulances have priority over other traffic. If medical supplies are short, children will be given priority.,More to learn,priority n. the thing that is considered most important and needs attention before anything else,,,Paraphrase ?,Not having to work so many hours gave her time and efforts to stu

42、dies at school before anything else.,Not having to work so many hours allowed her to make school her priority.,,,,Paraphrase ?,You have to know what you are able to cope with and what you are unable to.,You have to know what you can take and what you cant take.,,,If you get put down once, just get b

43、ack up there and keep fighting.,,,e.g. The boy got hurt on his way home from school. (But never: The boy got given a violin by his father.) The story eventually got translated into English.,More to learn,“Get” in the sentence is used as a passive auxiliary which, however, is usually restricted to co

44、nstructions without an expressed agent. The get-passive is avoided in formal style. Even in informal English it is far less frequent than the be-passive.,,put down suppress; defeat,,,,e.g. We were able to put down the opposing team at the first half of the game.,Translate 在獲得這個國家的所有控制權(quán)之前，他們不得不鎮(zhèn)壓一些叛亂

45、（revolt）。,Key They had to put down several revolts before they gained complete control of the country.,If you get put down once, just get back up there and keep fighting.,,,,Exercises,Comprehension Vocabulary Listening,,,Exercises Comprehension,,A.Mark each statement true or false based on your unde

46、rstanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,1.Priscilla was from a wealthy family.,F,讀寫教程 II: Ex. II, p. 138,,2.The University of Washington couldnt offer her more financial aid because her parents claimed her as a dependent.,T,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,

47、,A.Mark each statement true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,3.Priscilla moved into a cheap apartment in a poor neighborhood because she was angry with her parents.,F,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark each statement

48、true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,4.She had two jobs while she was training to be a secretary.,T,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark each statement true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underli

49、ne the sections of the text that support your answer.,5.The job-training program didnt help Priscilla very much.,F,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark each statement true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,6.She reapplie

50、d to the University of Washington as soon as shed finished the job-training program.,F,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark each statement true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,7.The Snake River summer research project

51、gave Priscilla first-hand experience in her field of interest.,T,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark each statement true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,8.Priscilla interrupted her studies to work on the North Dakota

52、project.,T,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark each statement true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,9.Priscilla didnt work at all during her last few semesters at the university.,F,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark e

53、ach statement true or false based on your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,10.Priscilla knows from experience that working your way through school is not very hard.,F,,Exercises Comprehension,,,,,A.Mark each statement true or false based on

54、your understanding of the text, and underline the sections of the text that support your answer.,,Exercises Comprehension,B. Mark each of the statements below I (implied in the article), or N (not implied in the article). For each I statement, underline the section of the text that supports your ans

55、wer.,1.Priscillas family was against the idea of her attending college.,N,,,,,,Exercises Comprehension,2.She finished the job training program as quickly as she could because she disliked it.,N,,,,,B. Mark each of the statements below I (implied in the article), or N (not implied in the article). Fo

56、r each I statement, underline the section of the text that supports your answer.,,Exercises Comprehension,3.Priscilla was proud to be living on her own and making $15,000 a year.,I,,,,,B. Mark each of the statements below I (implied in the article), or N (not implied in the article). For each I stat

57、ement, underline the section of the text that supports your answer.,,Exercises Comprehension,4.When she finally started college, Priscilla wasnt very confident that she would be able to finish her studies.,I,,,,,B. Mark each of the statements below I (implied in the article), or N (not implied in th

58、e article). For each I statement, underline the section of the text that supports your answer.,,Exercises Comprehension,5.She moved to Wenatchee because Wenatchee Valley College was a better school than the University of Washington.,N,,,,,B. Mark each of the statements below I (implied in the articl

59、e), or N (not implied in the article). For each I statement, underline the section of the text that supports your answer.,,Exercises Comprehension,,6.The author of the text wants us to see Priscilla as a example of how determination can make dreams come true.,I,,,B. Mark each of the statements below

60、 I (implied in the article), or N (not implied in the article). For each I statement, underline the section of the text that supports your answer.,,,Vocabulary Ex. III Ex. IV Ex. V,Vocabulary,,III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,1.There are plenty of

61、companies that are eager to _____ young athletes if they show enough promise.,sponsor,2.To succeed in life it is not sufficient only to have talent, capacity and training, one must also have _____ or a strong will., determination,,,,,,prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum exhibitsettingdeterminatio

62、neligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor,讀寫教程 II: Ex. III, p. 139,,Exercises Vocabulary,III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,3. I dont _____ to be an expert on modern art, but I do know this painting is ugly!,claim,4.When his _____ employers learned that he h

63、ad had a drinking problem, they decided against hiring him., prospective,,,,prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor,,,,,Exercises Vocabulary,III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,5.The position

64、requires a masters degree and a _____ of two years work experience.,minimum,6. David struggled for years to make it as an actor, but _____ gave up an went back to his musical career., ultimately,,,,prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor,,,

65、,,Exercises Vocabulary,III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,7.Overseas students are _____ to enroll in all the regular courses, provided they have the necessary qualifications.,eligible,8.A Korean company is planning to open a factory here, which will p

66、rovide _____ for about 2,000 people., employment,,,,prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor,,,,,Exercises Vocabulary,III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,9.Id always worked in an academic _____, so my new position as an office manager was a big change for me.,setting,10.Its much easier for big businesses to get bank _____ than it is for small companies., loans,,,,prospectiveultimatelyemploy