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1、組合練(二十九)　閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2021·臨汾適應(yīng)性檢測) Support Tech Education for Street Youth in Lebanon About CodeBrave We train former street youth in digital skills, coding and robotics, helping them to secure jobs that are not only well－paid but future－proof too. We run our programme in a shelter fo

2、r homeless children. We have now been successfully carrying out the programme since June 2018. In this time, our children have gone from barely knowing how to use a computer, to writing the code for basic websites totally from scratch. We want to carry on developing the programme in 2020 by continu

3、ing appropriate tech education of 20 children, and to engage a further 40 children. Former street youth are often forced into exploitative work. Young people living in shelter often end up back on the street as soon as they leave state care. They become trapped in a cycle of poverty, as they don't

4、 have marketable skills to secure well－paid work. Often the only work opportunities available to them are hard manual labour. Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity? Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of sup

5、ply in the Middle East. It also gives them access to an international online job market. Where Your Money Will Go Help us give former street youth in Lebanon an alternative to exploitative work through tech education. Support Us Flexible funding—this project will receive all donations made

6、by 3rd April at 11：55 p．m. ￡25 or more Funds 1 student's coding & robotics education for a month. ￡50 or more Funds a new Arduino robotics starter kit for our students. ￡100 or more Funds 1 student through an internship (實習(xí)期) (for bus and lunch money)． ￡300 or more Funds 1 student's coding &

7、 robotics education for 1 year. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了針對黎巴嫩無家可歸的孩子們而進(jìn)行的技術(shù)教育慈善項目的相關(guān)情況。 1．What can we learn about CodeBrave? A．It's a shelter for the young. B．It's a free project in digital skills. C．It's a program for the homeless. D．It's a profitable training organization. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)About Cod

8、eBrave部分第一段第一句中的“We train former street youth in digital skills, coding and robotics...”以及最后一句“We run our programme in a shelter for homeless children.”可知，CodeBrave是免費為那些無家可歸的孩子們在避難所開設(shè)的數(shù)字化技能培訓(xùn)項目。故選B。 答案：B 2．What made CodeBrave choose tech education? A．The importance of marketable skills. B．The d

9、esire to get rid of poverty. C．The request from the state care. D．The demand of the employment market. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity？部分第一句“Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in

10、the Middle East.”可知，CodeBrave選擇技術(shù)教育的原因是中東地區(qū)對此類勞動力有需求。故選D。 答案：D 3．Where are most of the donations spent? A．Equipment. B．Teacher Training. C．Operational Costs. D．Teaching Costs. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Where Your Money Will Go部分中的“Teaching Costs 79.1%”可知，大部分捐款會花在教學(xué)上。故選D。 答案：D B (2021·濟(jì)南模擬考試)Philadelphia'

11、s Magic Gardens makes up a folk art center, gallery space, and a nonprofit organization showcasing the works of mosaicist (鑲嵌設(shè)計師) Isaiah Zagar. Zagar devoted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood in the late 1960s, when he moved to the area with his wife Julia. The couple helped the

12、area by purchasing and repairing some old buildings, often adding colorful mosaics on both their private and public walls. The first such project was Julia's folk art store, the Eye's Gallery at 402 South Street. Zagar started working on the Magic Gardens in 1998 in the deserted parking lot near hi

13、s studio. He spent the next fourteen years sculpting multi－layered walls and decorating the 3，000 square foot space. The installation (現(xiàn)代雕塑裝置), primarily consisting of found objects and contributions from the community, finally covers half a city block with countless patterns and colors. It shows Za

14、gar's many artistic influences, as well as the events and experiences of his life. In 2012, the owner of the parking lot decided to sell the land in response to rising South Street property values. Unwilling to witness the destruction of Zagar's neighborhood art environment, the community rushed to

15、 support the artist. His creation, newly titled Philadelphia's Magic Gardens, turned into a nonprofit organization with the intention of preserving and promoting Zagar's works at the site of the Magic Gardens and throughout the South Street region. The Magic Gardens is now a permanent art instituti

16、on that is open to visitors throughout the year. Trained guides are available to lead tours of the Magic Gardens and Zagar's surrounding public wall paintings. In addition, it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself, and regularly hosts concerts, dance performances, and other public eve

17、nts. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國費城的魔法花園的初創(chuàng)、成形以及對它的保護(hù)等。 4．How did Zagar help the South Street neighborhood? A．He moved to the area with his family. B．He worked to improve its surroundings. C．He opened a folk art store with his wife. D．He managed to buy all the old buildings. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Zag

18、ar devoted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood”可知，他致力于美化南街社區(qū)。 答案：B 5．What does paragraph 3 intend to tell us? A．Great achievements of Zagar. B．Special skills of the installation. C．Location of the Magic Gardens. D．Early history of the Magic Gardens. 解析：段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，本段主要講述了Za

19、gar最初創(chuàng)辦魔法花園的經(jīng)歷，即魔法花園早期的歷史。故選D。 答案：D 6．What do the local residents think of Zagar's works? A．They harm environment. B．They can bring in profits. C．They should be removed. D．They are precious treasures. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Unwilling to witness the destruction...the community rushed to support the

20、artist.”以及preserving and promoting Zagar's works可知，社區(qū)居民將Zagar的作品視作珍寶，他們都在盡力支持他以及他的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。故選D。 答案：D 7．What can tourists do in Philadelphia's Magic Gardens? A．Paint the walls on the spot. B．Put on music performances. C．Enjoy some Zagar's works. D．Attend some dance courses. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“l(fā)ead

21、tours of the Magic Gardens and Zagar's surrounding public wall paintings”以及“it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself”可知，經(jīng)過培訓(xùn)的導(dǎo)游可帶領(lǐng)游客參觀魔法花園和Zagar周圍的公共圍墻繪畫，游客也可參加Zagar本人每月主持的鑲嵌圖案講習(xí)班。 答案：C C (2021·鄭州三測)Fires sweeping across the Amazon rainforest recently have been making the headlines

22、 as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change crisis and endanger biodiversity (生態(tài)多樣性)． As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest is often called “the lungs of the world”. It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals

23、, and 1 million local people. The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the world's ecosystem because it absorbs heat instead of reflecting heat back into the atmosphere. It also stores carbon dioxide and produces oxygen, ensuring that less carbon is released, reducing the effects of cl

24、imate change. “Any destruction of forest is a danger to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity，” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. “The great danger is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere，” he stressed. “In the midst of the gl

25、obal climate crisis, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon rainforest must be protected，” UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said. Data from the National Institute for Space Research show that a total of 71，497 forest fires were registered in Brazi

26、l in the first 8 months of 2019, up from 39，194 in the same period in 2018. “We estimate that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased by 20 to 30 percent compared to the last 12 months，” Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle

27、. Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose degradation (惡化) could have severe consequences for global climate. The extent of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has gone beyond Brazil's borders. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了雨林火災(zāi)造成嚴(yán)重的后果以及保護(hù)亞馬孫熱帶雨林的緊急性。

28、 8．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The great role of the Amazon rainforest. B．The effects of consistent climate change. C．The causes of the decreasing biodiversity. D．The results of the Amazon rainforest fires. 解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“the Amazon rainforest is often called‘the lungs of

29、 the world’”以及第三句中的“The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the world's ecosystem...”可知，亞馬孫熱帶雨林被稱為“地球之肺”，廣袤的雨林在世界生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中扮演著重要的角色。由此可知，第二段主要講亞馬孫雨林的重要作用。故選A項。 答案：A 9．Why does the author mention the figures in the fourth paragraph? A．To explain the process of the research. B．To present

30、 the bad influence of forest fires. C．To prove the great importance of the rainforest. D．To show the urgency of protecting the rainforest. 解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第四段中的“a total of 71，497 forest fires were registered...in 2018”可知，巴西森林火災(zāi)的數(shù)量2018年前8個月是39 194，2019年前8個月是71 497。再根據(jù)第四段中的“the forest areas in the Brazi

31、lian Amazon have decreased by 20 to 30 percent compared to the last 12 months”可知，巴西亞馬孫河流域的森林面積比過去12個月減少了20%到30%。最后再根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“The Amazon rainforest must be protected”和最后一段中的“the emergency has gone beyond Brazil's borders”可推知，作者提到第四段中的數(shù)字是為了說明保護(hù)雨林的緊急性。 答案：D 10．What does the author want to tell us i

32、n the passage? A．The dry weather leads to the rainforest fires. B．The biodiversity makes the rainforest unique. C．The rainforest fires result in serious consequences. D．The global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires. 解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Any destruction of forest is a danger to biodiversity

33、 and the people who use that biodiversity.”可知，雨林火災(zāi)威脅生物多樣性和人類生活；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest，whose degradation could have severe consequences for global climate.”可知，巴西擁有大約60%的亞馬孫雨林，其惡化會對全球氣候有嚴(yán)重后果。由此可推知，作者旨在告訴我們，雨林火災(zāi)會造成嚴(yán)重后果。 答案：C 11．Which section of a newspaper mig

34、ht this passage probably be taken from? A．Culture and life. B．Nature and geography. C．Humankind and society. D．Science and technology. 解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中的“they will worsen climate change crisis and endanger biodiversity”和第二段中的“The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the world's ecos

35、ystem...”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講述的是亞馬孫雨林火災(zāi)及其嚴(yán)重后果，所以本文最有可能摘自報紙的自然地理部分。 答案：B D (2021·石家莊高考模擬)A new device works like a solar panel, except it doesn't harvest energy from the sun. It captures energy from the cold night sky. A prototype (雛形) of the device produced enough electricity at night to power a small

36、light bulb. A bigger version might one day light rooms or charge phones. It could also power electronics in remote or low－resource areas that lack electricity. The device makes use of the temperature difference between the Earth and outer space to create electricity. As long as one side of it is co

37、oler than the other, the generator can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation (隔熱材料) to keep out heat. The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plat

38、e. That plate is warmed by the local air. At night, the top plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generator. Researchers tested a 20－centimeter prototype one clear December night in Stanford University, California. The generator produced up to 25 milliwatts of powe

39、r per square meter of the device. That was enough power to light a small light emitting diode, or a LED bulb. Further improvements might increase its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter. The system might need more insulation around the cool top plate to do that. “The device could

40、 also help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices，” says Aaswath Raman. He is a materials scientist who works on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles. “This may be useful in polar regions where people can't see sunlight for months，”Raman says.“If you have som

41、e low－power devices and you need to power them through three months of darkness, this might be a way.” [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇科技說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型發(fā)電裝置，這種裝置可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量，利用地球和外層空間的溫差來發(fā)電。 12．What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 3? A．Application fields of the device. B．The developing process of th

42、e device. C．The working principle of the device. D．Significant effects of the device. 解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“The device makes use of the temperature difference between the Earth and outer space to create electricity.”可知，這種裝置利用地球和外層空間的溫差來發(fā)電，并結(jié)合第三段的其他部分可知，第三段主要敘述了這種裝置發(fā)電的原理。 答案：C 13．How can researcher

43、s make the device produce more electricity? A．By putting more insulation around the top plate. B．By using it in extremely cold and clear nights. C．By attaching the bottom plate to a warm plate. D．By covering the top plate with a transparent lid. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Further improvements might incre

44、ase its production...The system might need more insulation around the cool top plate to do that.”可知，為了讓這個裝置產(chǎn)生更多的電量，該系統(tǒng)頂部的鋁板四周可能需要更多的隔熱材料。 答案：A 14．What's Raman's attitude to the new device? A．Doubtful.　　　　　　　 B．Hopeful. C．Negative. D．Ambiguous. 解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中Raman所說的話可知，他認(rèn)為這種新的裝置可以應(yīng)用到很多的領(lǐng)域

45、。由此可知，他對這種裝置充滿希望，持肯定態(tài)度。doubtful“可疑的”；hopeful“抱有希望的，滿懷希望的”；negative“消極的，負(fù)面的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”。 答案：B 15．What could be a suitable title for the text? A．A Device Using the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity B．A Device Bringing New Hope for Those in the Cold Night C．The Differences Between a Sola

46、r Panel and a New Device D．The Temperature Difference between the Earth and Outer Space 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章介紹了一個新裝置，這種裝置可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量，利用地球和外層空間的溫差來發(fā)電。B項“給寒夜里的那些人帶來新希望的裝置”太籠統(tǒng)，寒夜里的人很多，有很多人不需要這樣發(fā)電；C項“太陽能電池板和新裝置的區(qū)別”，偏離了本文的主題；D項“地球和外層空間的溫差”，與本文內(nèi)容不符。 答案：A Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2021·石家莊階段性檢測) No－friend eating trend When

47、 you eat lunch in a restaurant, you might see many people eating by themselves, watching videos on their phones. 16 Do you worry they're lonely? You probably didn't even notice because you were looking at your own phone. The New York Post says that eating alone with electronic devices is a

48、growing trend among young people around the world. According to a new survey conducted by OnePoll on behalf of the U．S. Highbush Blueberry Council, the average adult eats six meals alone each week and 387 meals each year. 17 Maybe not. “The way we define ‘togetherness’ and what it means to

49、 be connected seem to be evolving as technology evolves. Keeping our relationships strong doesn't always require being together physically，” wrote the report. Nowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive environments. 18 Instead, it's natural to communicat

50、e with others through texts, emails and social media. Daniela Galarza, from the U．S., is one of these young people. She told the New York Post that she spent nearly 10 hours on her work every day. She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about half an hour ever

51、y day always helps me feel more connected with them. 19 ” “Today, ‘togetherness’ is more of a feeling than a physical state, and people get creative to stay connected，” a spokesperson for the U．S. Highbush Blueberry Council told the New York Post. “ 20 ” A．I'm not lonely any more. B．

52、Do you feel pity for them? C．Being together all the time is great. D．Does it mean there are a lot of lonely people? E．They enjoy eating alone with electronic devices. F．They have less time to gather and eat with their friends or families. G．The joy of being together—however you manage it—never

53、changes. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。隨著現(xiàn)代科技和通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們雖然獨處的日子多了，但并不是真的孤獨，新科技反而讓人們對團(tuán)聚有了更新的認(rèn)識。 16．解析：根據(jù)空前的“you might see many people eating by themselves...phones”及空后的“Do you worry they're lonely？”可知，空處應(yīng)是有關(guān)“你”對所見之事的感受的，故B項“你同情他們嗎？”符合語境。B項句子結(jié)構(gòu)與空后句子結(jié)構(gòu)的一致性亦是提示。 答案：B 17．解析：根據(jù)空后的答語“Maybe not.”可知，空處應(yīng)為問句。下文中解釋了人們并不孤

54、獨，故D項“這是否意味著有許多孤獨的人呢？”符合語境。選項中的lonely與空前句中的alone相呼應(yīng)。 答案：D 18．解析：空前講到現(xiàn)在許多年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)和工作上花費了更多的時間，空后說通過短信、郵件和社交媒體聯(lián)系很正常，F(xiàn)項“他們很少有時間與朋友或家人聚在一起吃飯”是“communicate with others through texts, emails and social media”的原因，且選項中的less time與前文的more time前后呼應(yīng)，故F項符合語境。 答案：F 19．解析：根據(jù)空前Daniela Galarza所述她和家人及朋友的聯(lián)系更加密切了可知，空處應(yīng)與其感受有關(guān)。A項“我不再孤單”符合語境。 答案：A 20．解析：空前句中講到，如今，團(tuán)聚更是一種感覺，而不是一種物理狀態(tài)，并且人們通過創(chuàng)新的方式與他人保持聯(lián)系。由此可知，空處所在句應(yīng)是對這一內(nèi)容的延伸，故選G項(無論你用什么樣的方式團(tuán)聚，在一起的快樂從未改變)。 答案：G