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1、基本句型五： 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ),本句型中的動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分，如形容詞、名詞、副詞(僅限少數(shù)幾個(gè))、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ),才能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在意義有一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,即賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在“意義上”是一種主謂關(guān)系。如：,We elected Li Yang our monitor. 我們選李陽(yáng)做我們的班長(zhǎng)。(Li yang is our monitor) The news made us sad. 這新聞使我傷心。(We were sad),常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有：call, name, make

2、, elect, appoint, nominate (提名), crown, think, consider, leave等。,根據(jù)賓補(bǔ)的不同可分為以下幾種情況： 1. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+名詞。如： President appointed John manager of Marketing. 總裁任命約翰為營(yíng)銷(xiāo)部經(jīng)理。,歸納：,2. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞。如： The news made me happy. 那消息使我很高興。,常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有：make, paint, dye, get (ready), cut (short), set (free), keep, driv

3、e (mad), find, want, hold (responsible), wish, like, see, imagine, turn, beat (black and blue), boil (hard), suppose, prove, think, believe, consider, leave等。,歸納：,3. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)。如： I found myself in dark. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還蒙在鼓里。 4. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式。如： He encouraged her to work harder. 他鼓勵(lì)他努力工作。,要求用to do作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞

4、有: advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, tell, want, warn, wish等。,He always has others wait for him. 他總是要?jiǎng)e人等他。,歸納：,要求用do作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有: 使役動(dòng)詞let, make, have等; 感官動(dòng)詞observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch等。,歸納：,若變?yōu)楸?/p>

5、動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 其后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)就成為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)了, 此時(shí)作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式要帶to。如： The boss made him work overtime.(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) He was made to work overtime.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))老板叫他加班。,5. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+分詞。如： Dont leave the water running after you have washed your hands. 洗手之后不要聽(tīng)任水白流。 I heard my name called. 我聽(tīng)到有人叫我的名字。,現(xiàn)在分詞為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí), 賓語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系; 過(guò)去分詞為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),

6、賓語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, set, smell, watch等。,【注意】,6. 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + it + 賓補(bǔ) + 真正賓語(yǔ)。如： I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 我覺(jué)得與你家人相處令人愉快。, She thinks it no point practicing so much. 她認(rèn)為練習(xí)這么多沒(méi)有意義。 He be

7、lieved it unlikely that she would agree. 他相信她不可能同意。, 當(dāng)作賓語(yǔ)的不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句跟一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí), 要用形式賓語(yǔ)it放在賓語(yǔ)的位置，將真正的賓語(yǔ)放到后面。 用doing作真正的賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 其補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常是useless, senseless, no use, good, sense， point等, 表示“無(wú)益或沒(méi)有意義”。 能用于該句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有consider， believe, feel, find, make, think, suppose等。,即時(shí)練習(xí)：請(qǐng)用“主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”句型翻譯下列句子。 1. 那噪音快要使我發(fā)

8、瘋了。 1. The noise is driving me crazy. 2. 我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。 2. We must make our school more beautiful.,3. 他請(qǐng)我們參加做游戲。 3. He asked us to join in the game. 4. 我要你把真相告訴我。 4. I want you to tell me the truth. 5. 明天我要找人來(lái)修理機(jī)器。 5. I will have the machine repaired tomorrow.,6. 每天早晨我們都聽(tīng)到他大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)。 6. We hear him readi

9、ng English aloud every morning. 7. 他們感到汽車(chē)行駛得很快。 7. They felt the car moving fast.,8. 我們必須保持身體健康。(in good condition) We must keep our health in good condition. 9. 我們不會(huì)讓她在晚上外出的。 We wont have her go out at night. 10. 他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。 He has his hair cut once a month.,11. 我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見(jiàn)這個(gè)字這樣用過(guò)。 11. Ive never seen the

10、word used in this way. 12. 他感到很難跟你交談。 12. He feels it hard to talk with you. 13. 我想乘船去那里更舒服些。 13. I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.,14. 學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則, 開(kāi)始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。(make) 14. The schools made it a rule that students should stand up at the beginning of the class. 15. 我認(rèn)為與那個(gè)人談話(huà)是無(wú)益的。 15. I believe it no use talking with that man.,