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1、基本句型五： 主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ),本句型中的動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分，如形容詞、名詞、副詞(僅限少數(shù)幾個(gè))、動詞不定式、分詞來補(bǔ)充說明賓語,才能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語在意義有一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,即賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語在“意義上”是一種主謂關(guān)系。如：,We elected Li Ming our monitor. 我們選李陽做我們的班長。(Li Ming is our monitor) The news made us sad. 這新聞使我傷心。(We were sad),常用于此句型的動詞有：call, name, make

2、, elect, appoint, nominate (提名), crown, think, consider, leave等。,根據(jù)賓補(bǔ)的不同可分為以下幾種情況： 1. 主語+及物動詞+賓語+名詞。如： President appointed John manager of Marketing. 總裁任命約翰為營銷部經(jīng)理。,歸納：,2. 主語+及物動詞+賓語+形容詞 如： The news made me happy. 那消息使我很高興。,常用于此句型的動詞有：make, paint, dye, get (ready), cut (short), set (free), keep, driv

3、e (mad), find, want, hold (responsible), wish, like, see, imagine, turn, beat (black and blue), boil (hard), suppose, prove, think, believe, consider, leave等。,歸納：,3. 主語+及物動詞+賓語+介詞短語。如： I found myself in dark. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還蒙在鼓里。 4. 主語+及物動詞+賓語+不定式。如： He encouraged her to work harder. 他鼓勵(lì)他努力工作。,要求用to do作賓補(bǔ)的動詞

4、有: advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, tell, want, warn, wish等。,He always has others wait for him. 他總是要?jiǎng)e人等他。,歸納：,要求用do作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有: 使役動詞let, make, have等; 感官動詞observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch等。,歸納：,若變?yōu)楸?/p>

5、動語態(tài), 其后的賓語補(bǔ)足語就成為主語補(bǔ)足語了, 此時(shí)作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式要帶to。如： The boss made him work overtime.(主動語態(tài)) He was made to work overtime.(被動語態(tài))老板叫他加班。,5. 主語+及物動詞+賓語+分詞。如： Dont leave the water running after you have washed your hands. 洗手之后不要聽任水白流。 I heard my name called. 我聽到有人叫我的名字。,現(xiàn)在分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 賓語與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動關(guān)系; 過去分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),

6、賓語與過去分詞之間是被動關(guān)系。常用于此句型的動詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, set, smell, watch等。,【注意】,6. 主語 + 謂語 + it + 賓補(bǔ) + 真正賓語。如： I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 我覺得與你家人相處令人愉快。, She thinks it no point practicing so much. 她認(rèn)為練習(xí)這么多沒有意義。 He be

7、lieved it unlikely that she would agree. 他相信她不可能同意。, 當(dāng)作賓語的不定式、動名詞、賓語從句跟一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 要用形式賓語it放在賓語的位置，將真正的賓語放到后面。 用doing作真正的賓語時(shí), 其補(bǔ)足語通常是useless, senseless, no use, good, sense， point等, 表示“無益或沒有意義”。 能用于該句型的謂語動詞有consider， believe, feel, find, make, think, suppose等。,即時(shí)練習(xí)：請用“主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”句型翻譯下列句子。 1. 那噪音快要使我發(fā)

8、瘋了。 1. The noise is driving me crazy. 2. 我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。 2. We must make our school more beautiful.,3. 他請我們參加做游戲。 3. He asked us to join in the game. 4. 我要你把真相告訴我。 4. I want you to tell me the truth. 5. 明天我要找人來修理機(jī)器。 5. I will have the machine repaired tomorrow.,6. 每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。 6. We hear him readi

9、ng English aloud every morning. 7. 他們感到汽車行駛得很快。 7. They felt the car moving fast.,8. 我們必須保持身體健康。(in good condition) We must keep our health in good condition. 9. 我們不會讓她在晚上外出的。 We wont have her go out at night. 10. 他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。 He has his hair cut once a month.,11. 我從來沒看見這個(gè)字這樣用過。 11. Ive never seen the

10、word used in this way. 12. 他感到很難跟你交談。 12. He feels it hard to talk with you. 13. 我想乘船去那里更舒服些。 13. I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.,14. 學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則, 開始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。(make) 14. The schools made it a rule that students should stand up at the beginning of the class. 15. 我認(rèn)為與那個(gè)人談話是無益的。 15. I believe it no use talking with that man.,