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摘要
拉壓材料試驗機是分析材料或構件機械性能的基本設備，是應用最廣泛的試驗儀器設備之一。將材料試樣或構件經實驗機夾具固定后，對其施加軸向載荷，記錄加載過程中承受載荷與產生變形的相關數據，可完成材料或構件多項機械性能的分析、檢測。
試驗機主要由三個部分組成：1.機架（主要部件：液壓缸、底座、支柱和橫梁）；2.夾具 ；3.測控系統（控制卡與軟件，現已有專門設計生產廠家）。
本篇畢業(yè)設計主要闡述的是一套關于簡易拉壓試驗機的設計方法，在說明書中，首先明確了設計任務并對試驗機作了相關的闡述，接著根據簡易拉壓試驗機的設計方案和機械設計方法，對試驗機的機架——液壓缸、支柱等進行設計和校核、驗算。最后對試驗機的測控系統進行了簡單的介紹和設計。
關鍵詞：試驗機 液壓缸 支柱
Abstract
Tension and compression testing machine toanalyze the material or components of the mechanical properties of the basic equipment, is the most widely used one of the test equipment. Sample material or component experimental plane fixture fixed, imposed axial load, records loading process under load and deformation of the relevant data, to be completed by a number of components or materials mechanical properties of the analysis, detection.
Tester mainly composed of three parts : 1. Rack (main components : cylinder, the base, columns and beams); 2. Fixture; 3. Measurement and Control System (control card and software is now specially designed manufacturers).
This graduation design elaborated in the main is a summary of the tension and compression testing machine design, brochures, First clear the design of the test machine was related to the exposition Then, based on simple tension and compression testing machine design and mechanical design method, the test machine rack -- hydraulic cylinder, , and other pillars of the design and verification, checking. Finally, the machine control system for the simple presentation and design.
Keywords : testing machine hydraulic cylinders the pillars
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