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1、,,Symbols of Culture,Unit 1,NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES,Book Two,,,,,Unit 1,Symbols of Culture,1 Around the Topic,2 Section A,3 Section B,4 Section C,Leading in,Exploring the Topic,Plus Activities,Warming-up,Text A,Exercises,Background Information,Reading Through,Exercises,Related Knowledge,Sample R

2、eading,Exercises,Useful Terms,When talking about the symbols of American culture, probably we will never leave out McDonalds and Disney. McDonalds is the worlds leading fast food service retailer. Nowadays, it has more than 30,000 restaurants in over 100 countries serving millions of customers each

3、day. That explains why the tearing down of the first McDonalds restaurant had caused such a big stir in the minds of many Americans.,And, according to most Americans, Disney Mirrors American Culture. There are so many products with the Disney brand: films, books, songs, TV shows and records. There a

4、re even Disney hotels and Disney stores. Americans may have mixed feelings about Disney, but even those who strongly oppose it are Disney customers themselves.,Nowadays, not only McDonalds but also some other fast food restaurants are getting more and more popular. Why is it so? Lets do a survey.,Wo

5、rk in pairs and ask each other the following questions while checking () the answers and providing your own in the blanks. Please notice that the questions are open-ended with no right or wrong answers.,,,1 Whats your favorite fast food restaurant?,My favorite is ________.,My partners favorite is __

6、____________.,McDonalds KFC Pizza Hut,McDonalds KFC Pizza Hut,,2 Why do you think many Chinese people like to go to McDonalds or KFC?,I think its because My partner thinks _______________ . its because _______. the food there is served fast and thus time is saved the

7、food there is great the food is clean it is cheap it is different from a Chinese restaurant and gives an exotic (異國情調(diào)的) feeling one can learn something about American culture,Directions: You will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.,1. Why do people react when

8、a historic building is about to be destroyed?,2. What are the typical symbols of American culture?,key,key,Suggested answer: People react in this case just because such a Building serves as a symbol of culture, and may remind people of what has happened in history there. When it is torn down, people

9、s memory about the past is destroyed at the same time.,Suggested answer: Every nation is blessed with its own unique cultural symbols. The United States of America is no exception. So far as I know, there are some famous symbols of American culture, such as the Statue of Liberty, Uncle Sam, Disneyla

10、nd, the McDonalds Restaurant and so on. These symbols reflect American culture.,Return,Listen and answer the following questions,3. Whats your favorite fast food restaurant?,4. Why do you think many Chinese people like McDonalds or KFC?,key,key,Suggested answer: As China is opening its door to th

11、e outside world, many foreign fast food restaurants have found their way into China and are getting more and more popularity. But if it is left to me to choose, my first choice would be the McDonalds.,Return,Suggested answer: To my way of thinking, many people Choose to go to the McDonalds or KFC

12、for the following reasons. First of all, food is served fast and thus time is saved. Besides, it is different from a Chinese restaurant and gives a foreign feeling to people who never have a chance to go abroad. Moreover, people can learn something about American culture. So “Dont dismiss the dish s

13、aying that it is just, simply food. The blessing thing is an entire civilization in itself.”,Return,The First McDonalds Restaurant,Section A:,Xiaoqi is traveling in America. One day, he steps into McDonalds, but he doesnt know the English names of the food he wants. Can you help him? Look at the pic

14、tures below, and try to name them in English.,,Here is a McDonalds menu in English and Chinese. Did you manage to help Xiaoqi get the right food?,Chocolate Sundae,Big Mac,Chicken McNuggets,Spicy Chicken Wings,Strawberry Shake,Large Fries Medium Fries Small Fries,Background Information,McDonalds is t

15、he worlds largest restaurant corporation with more than 30,000 restaurants in 119 countries serving 68 million customers each day.,McDonalds,In the United States, there are more than 5,000 McDonalds restaurants. It serves some of its favorite foodsworld-famous French fries, Chicken McNuggets (大雞塊) a

16、nd so on. The largest McDonalds restaurant is located in Beijing, China. This restaurant has 1,000 employees. Also, up to 700 customers can sit and eat in this restaurant at one time.,Raymond Albert Kroc was the founder of the McDonalds Corporation. Brothers Mac and Dick McDonald opened the first fa

17、st food restaurant called McDonalds in 1953 in Downey, California.,Ray Kroc,In 1955, Kroc, a milkshake (奶昔) salesman went to visit the restaurant. He saw the potential of this fast food business and thus persuaded the brothers to sell the name to him. In this way, Kroc opened the first store of the

18、McDonalds Corporation in 1955 in Illinois. Kroc died in the 1980s.,In 1953, the McDonald brothersDick and Macdeveloped a new idea for their restaurant. The brothers called their idea a drive-in restaurant, and customers could order food from their cars. The restaurant also cut down on the number of

19、choices on the menu, so the cooks could make the food very quickly. The restaurant specialized in making hamburgers, French fries, and chocolate shakes. In 1955, Ray Kroc visited the restaurant and offered to buy the rights to the two brothers idea. The two brothers agreed, and the McDonalds restaur

20、ant chain was born.,Dick and Mac McDonald,Even though the first McDonalds restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries, it still became a cultural symbol. Now, in the Southern California city of Downey, people are trying to save the first McDonalds restaurant in history. McDonalds, though, s

21、ays the building should be torn down.,Para. 1,雖說第一家麥當勞餐館只售漢堡包和薯條，它還是成為了一種文化象征。如今，在加州南部唐尼市，人們正努力保住歷史上第一家麥當勞餐館。然而，麥當勞卻稱這幢房子應該拆掉。,The First McDonalds Restaurant,Many people have good memories of that old McDonalds. These people are angry that the building is now in danger of being destroyed, along wit

22、h their memories.,Built in 1953, the restaurant in Downey, California, is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America, and has the earliest McDonalds building design.,Para. 2-3,坐落于加州唐尼的這家餐館建于1953年，是美國所有帶雙拱形金色標志的建筑中歷史最久的，它的設計也是麥當勞最早的建筑設計。 許多人對那家老餐館有著美好的回憶。這些人想到餐館連同他們美好的回憶一起將被摧毀，感到很氣憤。,Para. 4-5,Mc

23、Donalds explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake, and therefore needs to be torn down. Many people in the town of Downey dont agree with this line of thinking, though. 麥當勞方面解釋說，那家老店在一次地震中遭到損壞，因此必須拆掉。不過，唐尼的許多人卻不同意這種說法。 One woman says, “I think its terrible. They are using the earthqu

24、ake as an excuse. Its a big lie.” 有位女士說：“我認為這件事太可怕了。他們在利用那次地震作借口。這是一個極大的謊言。”,Another Downey resident remarks, “I am so upset. They dont respect the public at all. They havent even tried. They could do some small repairs and make it a good restaurant again.”,Para. 6,另一位唐尼市居民說：“我非常難過。他們一點也不尊重公眾的意見，甚至

25、都沒試著這樣做。他們可以稍加修理，使它再成為一家好餐館?！?麥當勞的經(jīng)理們說餐館設在那個位置一直在虧本。那兒沒有地方可以開辟“免下車外賣窗口”，里面也沒有地方安排座位。他們說，那次地震后這個餐館就沒辦法修了。不過那些經(jīng)理們想在其他位置按原餐館再仿造一家。,McDonalds managers say the restaurant is losing money at that location. There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside. After the earthquake, they say it

26、was impossible to fix. The managers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead.,Para. 7,Building inspectors, on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive. Many people say that McDonalds can certainly afford to pay that amount. So

27、me think that McDonalds real reason for wanting to close down the restaurant has nothing to do with money.,Para. 8,但是房屋檢查人員說該建筑是可以修理的，不過費用很高。許多人說這個費用麥當勞當然承受得起。有人認為麥當勞想關(guān)閉這家餐館的真正原因與金錢無關(guān)。,Modern McDonalds restaurants often have a sign claiming that a man named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonalds restau

28、rant in Illinois in 1955. The truth, however, is that Mr. Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in Downey. Later, Mr. Kroc bought their restaurants. Thus, many people in Downey think McDonalds is trying to change history, though the company denies this.,Para. 9,現(xiàn)

29、代的麥當勞餐館常常有一個牌子，聲稱有個叫雷克羅克的男人于1955年在伊利諾伊州創(chuàng)辦了首家麥當勞餐館。然而事實是，克羅克先生的快餐生意實際上是從唐尼市的迪克麥當勞和麥克麥當勞那里學來的。后來克羅克先生買下了他們的餐館。因此，盡管公司竭力否認，唐尼鎮(zhèn)的許多人還是認為麥當勞是想篡改歷史。,To local historians, this explanation makes total sense. One historian said,,“We should not rewrite the past. Ray Kroc did not invent McDonalds. The McDo

30、nald brothers did.”,Para. 10,在當?shù)氐臍v史學家看來，這種解釋頗有道理。有位歷史學家說：“歷史不容篡改。雷克羅克沒有創(chuàng)建麥當勞。創(chuàng)建麥當勞的是麥氏兄弟?！?These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonalds from tearing the building down. The McDo

31、nalds managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure.,這些天來，一群歷史學家希望將該處建筑列入國家歷史文物保護單位名冊，這樣，唐尼鎮(zhèn)就能使麥當勞免遭拆除。麥當勞的經(jīng)理們非常惱火，因而將房屋棄置一旁。,Para. 11,Everyone hopes that the McDonalds managers and the people of Downey will soon find peace. The building is still there, but boards cover the windows.

32、Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonalds, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away.,Para. 12,人人都希望麥當勞經(jīng)理們與唐尼的居民很快達成一致。房子仍在，但窗子用木板封了起來。即便如此，人們?nèi)蚤_車前來紀念他們的麥當勞，想搶在它被拆除前拍照留念，留下歷史上的珍貴一刻。,Even though the first McDonalds restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries, it

33、still became a cultural symbol.,,Meaning:,In spite of the fact that the first McDonalds restaurant served only two kinds of food: hamburgers and French fries, it still became a symbol that represents the American culture.,McDonalds, though, says the building should be torn down.,McDonalds, however,

34、says that the building should be pulled down.,Meaning:,... in the Southern California city of Downey...,Meaning:,... in Downey, a city in the south of California...,Built in 1953, the restaurant... is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America...,Since the restaurant was built in 1953, it is the

35、 oldest among all the McDonalds restaurants with the logo of the Golden Arches in America...,Meaning:,... the building is now in danger of being destroyed, along with their memories.,The first McDonalds restaurant is now facing the possibility of being torn down. Together with the disappearance of t

36、he building, peoples good memories about it would be ruined too.,Meaning:,McDonalds explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake...,McDonalds tells people that the building was destroyed in an earthquake and thus is not useful anymore.,Meaning:,Many people in the town of Downey dont agree

37、 with this line of thinking, though.,But many Downey people dont share McDonalds view that the building was destroyed and thus needs to be torn down.,Meaning:,Another Downey resident remarks...,Another person who lives in Downey says...,They dont care at all about how people in general think and fee

38、l about this matter.,They dont respect the public at all.,Meaning:,Meaning:,McDonalds managers say the restaurant is losing money at that location.,McDonalds managers say the restaurant is doing business at a loss at that place.,Meaning:,Meaning:,There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seat

39、ing inside.,There is no space where people can buy food without getting out of their car. Nor is there space for people to sit and eat inside.,Meaning:,The managers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead.,Instead of fixing the restaurant, the managers want to build at anot

40、her place another restaurant that looks exactly the same as the old one.,Meaning:,Building inspectors, on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive.,However, officials who inspect buildings say that it is possible to fix the building, but they also say tha

41、t the repair will cost a lot of money.,Many people say that McDonalds can certainly afford to pay that amount.,Meaning:,Many people say that the McDonalds company is no doubt able to pay the money to fix the restaurant.,Meaning:,Some think that McDonalds real reason for wanting to close down the res

42、taurant has nothing to do with money.,Some people believe that McDonalds wants to stop the restaurants business forever, not because they dont have money to repair the restaurant, but for other reasons.,Meaning:,... a sign claiming that a man named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonalds restaurant in I

43、llinois in 1955.,... a notice saying that a man called Ray Kroc started the first McDonalds restaurant in Illinois in 1955.,The truth, however, is that Mr. Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in Downey.,Meaning:,The fact is that Mr. Kroc in fact learned how to do

44、fast food business from the two brothers who lived in Downey: Dick and Mac McDonald.,... though the company denies this.,Meaning:,... although the company declares it is not true.,Meaning:,To local historians, this explanation makes total sense.,To those who study the history of this region, this sa

45、ying is reasonable.,One historian said, “ We should not rewrite the past.”,One historian said, “We should respect our history and should not change the past .”,Meaning:,These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places...,Meaning:,Recently, s

46、ome historians try together to put the old restaurant onto the list of the National Register of Historic Places, which includes Buildings that are significant in American history...,The McDonald brothers did.,Meaning:,Dick and Mac McDonald started McDonalds.,Meaning:,... so that the city of Downey w

47、ill be able to stop McDonalds from tearing the building down.,... so that the city of Downey can prevent the restaurant from being torn down.,The McDonalds managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure.,Meaning:,The McDonalds managers are very unhappy. They have left the building empty a

48、nd do not take care of it any more.,Meaning:,Everyone hopes that the McDonalds managers and the people of Downey will soon find peace.,All hope that McDonalds managers and Downey residents will find a peaceful way to solve the problem.,... but boards cover the windows.,Meaning:,... but the windows o

49、f the restaurant are covered with flat pieces of wood.,Meaning:,Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonalds, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away.,Although the windows of the restaurant are covered with boards, people still stop by to visit their McDonalds when d

50、riving past it. They take pictures to record a time in history before the restaurant is gone.,Main Idea,People in Downey and the McDonalds hold different opinions about how to deal with the first McDonalds restaurant. On the one hand, the residents in Downey think the building should be saved becaus

51、e it is a cultural symbol and gives them good memories. On the other hand, the McDonalds says the building should be torn down for two main reasons. But some people in Downey as well as some local historians think that these are just excuses for changing the history. In spite of this, everyone hopes

52、 the people of Downey and the McDonalds will soon find peace.,Structure,New words,hamburger fry cultural symbol southern arch danger destroy damage earthquake resident,public location drive-thru inspector structure afford amount claim actually deny local,historian explanation rewrite nat

53、ional register historic abandon peace board moment,,Phrases and expressions,,,,,,,tear down,in danger of,agree with,line of thinking,can afford to do,close down,have nothing to do with,make sense,stop someone from doing something,even so,take away,n. (chips BrE ) (usually plural ) (also French fr

54、ies) a long thin piece of potato that has been cooked in hot oil 炸薯條 e.g. The child likes to eat fries a lot. 這個小孩很喜歡吃炸薯條。 v. cook or be cooked in hot fat or oil 炸；煎 e.g. She fried two eggs for her breakfast. 她煎了兩個雞蛋做早餐。 e.g. The small steak will fry soon. 小塊牛排很快就能炸好。,cultural adj. relating to t

55、he culture of a particular group, country or society 文化（上）的 cultural differences 文化差異 cultural diversity 文化多樣性 cultural identity 文化認同 cultural life 文化生活 cultural tradition 文化傳統(tǒng) e.g. Most parents believe that cultural education is very important. 大多數(shù)父母認為文化教育非常重要。,fry,n. C a person, an object etc

56、. that represents a more general quality or situation 象征；標志（物） e.g. The dove is a symbol of peace. 鴿子是和平的象征。,,Practice :,在西方文化中，白色一直是純潔的象征。,In Western cultures, white has always been a symbol of purity.,symbol,adj. of or belonging to the south of the world or of a country 南方的；屬于南方的 e.g. Its rather

57、 difficult to understand him; He speaks English with a southern accent. 理解他相當難，他說英語有南方口音。,southern,佛羅里達州在美國的南部。,Florida is a state in the southern part of the United States.,,Practice :,adv. (not used at the beginning of a clause) in spite of the fact; nevertheless 可是；然而；不過 e.g. He is a lazy stude

58、nt. Theres no reason, though, to drive him out of the classroom. 他是個懶學生，不過，也沒理由把他趕出教室。,,Practice :,許多人說老板很嚴厲，我倒不這么認為。,Many people say the boss is too strict. I dont think so, though.,though,n. C something with a curved top and straight sides 圓拱；拱形物 e.g. His house is very unusual with an arch roof.

59、 他的房子有個拱形屋頂，因此很特別。,橋的拱門寬達12 米。,The arch of the bridge reaches over 12 meters.,arch,,Practice :,danger n. 危險,Expressions,e.g. John should have been aware of the danger of smoking to his health. 約翰本該知道吸煙對健康的危害.,,警察在值勤的每分鐘都可能遇到危險。,A policeman could meet with danger any minute of his working day.,

60、Practice :,in danger of 處于危險之中,e.g. The trees in the forest have been cut down in such great numbers that the forest is in danger of disappearing. 森林的樹木被大量砍伐，因此面臨消失的威脅。,美國和印度的科學家說，喜馬拉雅山數(shù)百萬人面臨著大地震的威脅。,,Millions of people in the Himalayas are in danger of big earthquakes, according to scientists

61、 in the US and India.,Practice :,destroy n. 破壞；毀壞,Expressions,e.g. Our main task was to destroy the enemys airport. 我們的主要任務是摧毀敵人的機場。,,建造大壩會破壞動植物的生存環(huán)境。,The building of large dams can destroy the environment for animals and plants.,Practice :,n. the process of spoiling the condition or quality

62、of something and the harm or loss that results 毀壞；損害 e.g. The storm caused great damage to the small village. 那場暴風雨給小村子帶來了巨大的破壞。,v. cause damage to 毀壞；損害 e.g. We just managed to put the fire out before it damaged the house. 我們搶在房子被燒毀之前將火撲滅了。,damage,Practice,1. 史密斯太太看到孩子們把她的花糟蹋得不成樣子， 非常生氣。

63、,Mrs. Smith was very angry when she saw the damage done by the kids to her flowers.,2. 有人提出，電腦甚至可能嚴重影響學生學習，因 為 人們可能把太多的時間花在電腦游戲上。,Some suggest that computers can even damage students learning: Students may spend too much time on computer games.,,damage,Practice :,earthquake n. C a violent shaking o

64、f the earth 地震 e.g. It was difficult to know how many people had been affected in the earthquake. 很難知道有多少人受到這次地震的影響。,,Practice :,2008 年5月12 日，中國四川省的汶川縣發(fā)生了大地震。,On May 12, 2008, a big earthquake hit Wenchuan County in Sichuan Province of China.,n. C a person who lives in a place 居民；定居者 e.g. Hes a re

65、sident of the United States. 他定居在美國。 adj. living (in a place) 居住（在某地）的 e.g. I went into the police station and in less than two hours received my “resident permit”. 我走進警察局，不到兩小時，就拿到了我的居住證。,resident,本旅館只對住客供餐。,This hotel serves meals to residents only.,,Practice :,n. (the ) people in general 公眾；大

66、眾；民眾 e.g. At last, the president admitted his fault to the public. 總統(tǒng)最后終于向公眾認錯了。,adj. 1) for the use of everyone; not private 公共的；公用的 e.g. There is no public bathroom in this area. 這一帶沒有公共浴室。 2) of, for or concerning people in general 公眾（事務） 的 e.g. The public image is very important to a politician. 對于政客來講，公眾形象非常重要。,public,Practice,public,1. 公眾關(guān)心的是物價是否會上漲。,What the public concerns is if there will be a rise in price.,2. 這個城市的居民可以免費乘坐公共交通工具。,People in this city can use their public transpor