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車輛與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院說(shuō)明書(shū) 目 錄 第一章 前言...........................................1 第二章 離合器的設(shè)計(jì)................................... 2 §2.1離合器概述 ..................................... 2 §2.2離合器結(jié)構(gòu)方案分析. ............................3 §2.3離合器主要參數(shù)選擇 ...........................4 §2.3.1后備系數(shù). ........................ ........4 §2.3.2單位壓力..................................5 §2.3.3摩擦片外徑D、內(nèi)徑d和厚度b.................6 §2.3.4摩擦因數(shù)f、摩擦面數(shù)Z和離合器間隙.........7 §2.3.5離合器的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 .......... .............8 §2.3.6膜片彈簧的特性................. ...... ....10 §2.3.7膜片彈簧材料及制造工藝...................13 第三章 扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器的設(shè)計(jì)..........................15 第四章 離合器操縱機(jī)構(gòu).............................19 §4.1離合器操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的要求 .. ...................19 §4.2離合器操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算..................20 第五章離合器蓋主要零部件的設(shè)計(jì)…...............21 §5.1從動(dòng)盤總成 ....................................21 §5.1.1從動(dòng)盤轂...................................21 §5.1.2摩擦片.....................................21 §5.1.3從動(dòng)片.....................................22 §5.1.4波形片和減振彈簧..........................22 §5.2離合器蓋總成 ..................................22 §5.2.1離合器蓋….................................22 §5.2.2 壓盤......................................23 §5.2.3傳動(dòng)片.....................................24 §5.2.4分離杠桿...................................24 §5.2.5支承環(huán).....................................24 §5.3分離軸承........................................24 第六章 傳動(dòng)軸.......................................25 §6.1概述............................................25 §6.2萬(wàn)向節(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)分析...............................25 §6.2.1十字軸萬(wàn)向節(jié)..............................25 §6.2.2十字軸萬(wàn)向節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì)........................26 §6.3傳動(dòng)軸的結(jié)構(gòu)分析與設(shè)計(jì)........................27 §6.4萬(wàn)向傳動(dòng)軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算..........................28 §6.5中間支承........................................29 第七章 結(jié)論....................................... ...31 參考文獻(xiàn)..............................................32 致謝....................................................32 附錄....................................................33 推式膜片彈簧離合器及萬(wàn)向傳動(dòng)軸 摘 要 汽車無(wú)疑是當(dāng)今世界最主要的交通運(yùn)輸工具。柴油SUV作為新型的乘用車，是目前國(guó)際上發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，其特點(diǎn)是比汽油SUV有更強(qiáng)的動(dòng)力性、燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性、市場(chǎng)潛力巨大，鑒于此，我們選擇這種車型作為畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的題目，其中本文主要設(shè)計(jì)離合器和萬(wàn)向傳動(dòng)軸的設(shè)計(jì)部分。離合器是汽車傳動(dòng)系中直接與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相連接的總成，其主要功用是切斷和實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)傳動(dòng)系的動(dòng)力傳遞，以保證汽車起步時(shí)將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與傳動(dòng)系平順結(jié)合，確保汽車平穩(wěn)起步；在換檔時(shí)將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與傳動(dòng)系分離，減小變速器中換檔齒輪之間的沖擊；工作中受到大的載荷時(shí)能限制傳動(dòng)系所承受的最大轉(zhuǎn)矩，防止傳動(dòng)系各零件因過(guò)載而損壞；有效降低傳動(dòng)系中的振動(dòng)和噪聲。萬(wàn)向傳動(dòng)軸是用于工作過(guò)程中相對(duì)位置不斷改變的兩軸之間傳遞轉(zhuǎn)矩和旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)；保證所連接的兩軸盡可能等速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，由于萬(wàn)向節(jié)夾角而產(chǎn)生的附加載荷，振動(dòng)和噪聲應(yīng)在允許的范圍內(nèi)，在使用車速范圍內(nèi)不應(yīng)產(chǎn)生共振現(xiàn)象。 隨著汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速和功率不斷提高，汽車電子技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展，人們對(duì)離合器的傳動(dòng)軸的要求越來(lái)越高，本著提高離合器和傳動(dòng)軸工作性能的設(shè)計(jì)思想，通過(guò)方案分析和比較，參數(shù)的選擇和優(yōu)化，最終采用推式膜片彈簧離合器結(jié)構(gòu)。液壓操縱機(jī)構(gòu)和分兩段的傳動(dòng)軸及十字軸萬(wàn)向節(jié)，并力圖在結(jié)構(gòu)元件中有所創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)出性能更好更符合汽車發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的離合器幾萬(wàn)向傳動(dòng)軸。 關(guān)鍵詞：柴油SUV， 新型乘用車， 平穩(wěn)起步， 最大轉(zhuǎn)矩， 膜片彈簧， 萬(wàn)向傳動(dòng)軸 THE PUSHING DIAPHRAGM SPRING DISC SPRING CLUTCH ABSTRACT Automobile is certainly the most primary transports in this world。Diesel SUV as a new automobile its character well power economical so the more people are enjoy diesel SUV that’s why we choose it as our graduation subject. This paper deals with the design of clutch and universal joint shaft. The clutch is assembled in which the power train directly connecting with engine. Its primary functions are: switch off and transfer power for train in order to guarantee to connect smoothly engine to power train when automobile is starting. Then automobile may start smoothly; make engine away from power train and reduce the impact among the gears when the transmission shift; restrict the maximal torque that power train can endure when it come in for larger dynamic load; reduce effectively vibration and roar of the power. Universal joint shaft is used to two shaft configuration difference in every minute. It can transfer torque from transmission to Trans axle, and turning movement; It also can match the two shaft have the same movement. Because of the card a joint angle which produce additional load, chatter phenomena and voice should limit and it can’t produce resonance in general movement. With people expect better clutch and universal joint shaft base an the design spirit of keeping improving. Through contrast of various precepts choice and majority of the parameter, finally I adopt the pushing diaphragm spring disc spring clutch, the hydrostatic controls and universal joint shaft, In order to scheme out better clutch and shaft which is congress step with trend of automobile development. I will try my best to create new structure in some components. KEY WORDS: Diesel SUV，new automobile， start smoothly， maximal to torque，diaphragm spring disc，universal joint shaft IV