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I 摘 要 本題主要是X6130臥式萬能升降臺銑床的總體布局及主軸箱的設(shè)計，主軸箱 及進給箱是由異步電動機進行驅(qū)動，通過齒輪傳動，分別使主軸獲得12級轉(zhuǎn)速， 進給系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)14級變速。通過對主軸箱中零部件的分析和校核，合理的選擇零 部件包括齒輪，軸等，滿足工作時的加工要求，確保加工時銑削零件尺寸、形 狀的精度要求。該銑床適用于對平面、斜面、螺旋面及成型表面加工，機床具 有足夠的剛度和強度,能進行高速度切削和承受一定強度的切削工作。通過對主 軸箱進行了簡要的設(shè)計和較核，設(shè)計的總體布局滿足工藝要求，傳動系統(tǒng)滿足 加工要求。X6130銑床具有主軸轉(zhuǎn)速高、調(diào)速范圍寬、操作方便、工作臺進給速 度寬等特點，大大提高了加工范圍。 關(guān)鍵詞： 總體布局；傳動系統(tǒng)；主軸箱 II ABSTRACT This problem is mainly X6130 Universal horizontal milling machine lifts the overall layout and design of headstock, headstock and feed box is driven by the induction motor, through gear transmission, respectively, were 12 to spindle speed, feed system to achieve 14 speed. Components of the spindle box through the analysis and verification, a reasonable choice parts, including gears, shafts, etc., to meet the processing requirements work to ensure that when the milling machining parts size, shape precision. The new machine suitable for plane, bevel, helical and molding surface processing, the machine has enough stiffness and strength, to carry out a certain strength to withstand high-speed cutting and cutting work. Through a brief spindle box design and more nuclear, the overall layout of the design meet the technical requirements of transmission system to meet the processing requirements. X6130 milling machine has a spindle speed of high, wide speed range, easy operation, wide table feed speed, etc., greatly increased the range of processing. Key words :Overall layout；Driving System；Headstock 1 目 錄 摘要 ...............................................................................................................................I Abstract........................................................................................................................II 第 1 章 緒論 ............................................................................................................1 1.1 銑床在國民經(jīng)濟中的地位 ..............................................................................1 1.2 銑床工業(yè)發(fā)展概況和目前水平 ......................................................................1 1.3 銑床的類型和編號 ..........................................................................................2 第 2 章 X6130 臥式升降臺銑床總體方案設(shè)計 ............................................4 2.1 X6130 型銑床的結(jié)構(gòu)特點主要參數(shù)和主要用途 ..........................................4 2.1.1 X6130 型銑床的結(jié)構(gòu)和特點 ...............................................................4 2.1.2 X6130 型銑床的主要參數(shù) ...................................................................4 2.1.3 X6130 型銑床的主要用途 ...................................................................4 2.2 主要部分的名稱和用途 .................................................................................5 2.3 銑床的常用卡具 .............................................................................................6 2.3.1 夾具的概念 ..........................................................................................6 2.3.2 夾具的作用 ..........................................................................................6 2.3.3 銑床夾具的類型 ..................................................................................7 2.3.4 夾具的組成 ..........................................................................................7 2.3.5 典型工件在銑床上的裝夾方式 ..........................................................7 2.4 本章小結(jié) .........................................................................................................8 第 3 章 X6130 型臥式萬能升降臺銑床的運動設(shè)計 ...................................9 3.1 主運動 .............................................................................................................9 3.1.1 主軸傳動結(jié)構(gòu)式 ..................................................................................9 3.2 確定結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)及主軸轉(zhuǎn)速表 .............................................................................9 3.3 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................11 第 4 章 主軸箱電動機的選擇 .........................................................................12 4.1 主軸箱電機的選擇 .......................................................................................12 2 4.1.1 選擇電動機的容量 .........................................................................12 4.1.2 分配總降速比 ...................................................................................12 4.1.3 確定傳動軸的軸數(shù) ...........................................................................12 4.1.4 繪制轉(zhuǎn)速圖 .......................................................................................13 4.3 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................13 第 5 章 帶傳動的設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................15 5.1 概述 ...............................................................................................................15 5.1.1 帶傳動的分類 ....................................................................................15 5.1.2 帶傳動的失效形式 ............................................................................15 5.1.3 帶傳動的設(shè)計要求 ............................................................................15 5.2 帶傳動的計算及選定 ....................................................................................16 5.2.1 計算帶傳動的條件 ............................................................................16 5.2.2 計算內(nèi)容和步驟 ................................................................................16 5.4 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................17 第 6 章 主軸箱齒輪設(shè)計和應(yīng)力計算 ...........................................................18 6.1 齒輪的概述 ....................................................................................................18 6.1.1 齒輪的類型 ........................................................................................18 6.1.2 齒輪傳動的主要特點 ........................................................................18 6.1.3 失效形式及設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則 ........................................................................18 6.1.4 齒輪材料及其選擇原則 ....................................................................18 6.2 主軸箱齒輪的設(shè)計 .......................................................................................19 6.3 直齒圓柱齒輪應(yīng)力的計算 ...........................................................................21 6.4 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................24 第 7 章 軸的設(shè)計計算 .......................................................................................25 7.1 軸的概述 .......................................................................................................25 7.1.1 軸的功用及分類 ................................................................................25 7.1.2 軸的受力分析、失效形式和設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則 ............................................25 7.1.3 軸上零件的固定 ................................................................................26 7.1.4 軸的加工和裝配工藝性 ....................................................................26 7.2 軸的設(shè)計及計算 ...........................................................................................27 7.3 軸的設(shè)計 ........................................................................................................28 3 7.3.1 傳動軸直徑的確定 ............................................................................28 7.3.2 主軸軸徑的確定 ................................................................................29 7.3.3 核算轉(zhuǎn)速 ............................................................................................29 7.3.4 主軸的校核 ........................................................................................30 7.4 本章小結(jié) ......................................................................................................34 第章 零部件的選擇 .......................................................................................35 8.1 鍵的選擇 .......................................................................................................35 8.2 滑移齒輪的軸向移動 ...................................................................................36 8.3 潤滑系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 ...............................................................................................37 8.4 本章小結(jié) .......................................................................................................37 結(jié)論 .............................................................................................................................38 參考文獻 ...................................................................................................................39 致謝 .............................................................................................................................40