顎式破碎機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),顎式破碎機(jī),結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 破碎機(jī)是選煤工業(yè)中不可缺少的設(shè)備，也是原料、材料、燃料、電力和鋼鐵等部門所必須的設(shè)備。隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展對破碎機(jī)的要求也越來越高。 在工業(yè)應(yīng)用中常用的破碎機(jī)類型有：顎式破碎機(jī)、圓錐破碎機(jī)、輥式破碎機(jī)、沖擊式破碎機(jī)，磨碎機(jī)等。鄂式破碎機(jī)有很多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，例如:具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、工作可靠、制造容易、維修方便等其他破碎機(jī)無法替代的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，至今仍廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)各部門，而且我國生產(chǎn)的破碎機(jī)還遠(yuǎn)銷其它國家。本文所設(shè)計(jì)的鄂式破碎機(jī)是在原鄂式破碎機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上，保留了原鄂式破碎機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并對其優(yōu)化方面進(jìn)行闡述。 通過實(shí)習(xí)、查閱大量的資料和反復(fù)的推敲。通過建立一個(gè)較為完善的數(shù)學(xué)模型，并利用計(jì)算機(jī)優(yōu)化出鄂式破碎機(jī)的主要參數(shù)，使其結(jié)構(gòu)更合理，能量利用率更高，性價(jià)比更好。同時(shí)對新型鄂式破碎機(jī)進(jìn)一步闡述，提高了破碎機(jī)的過載保護(hù)性能，降低了物料的過粉碎，從而提高了破碎機(jī)的使用壽命及生產(chǎn)率。 本次設(shè)計(jì)對鄂式破碎機(jī)的箱體銷軸等部分做了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)，使破碎機(jī)裝卸方便、維護(hù)簡單、維修容易，以便能利用破碎機(jī)更好的工作，發(fā)揮鄂式破碎機(jī)的特點(diǎn)。 關(guān)鍵詞：破碎機(jī)；鄂式破碎機(jī)；闡述；優(yōu)化；設(shè)計(jì) ABSTRACT The crusher is a very important and indispensable equipment in mineral separation industry.So it is in department of raw material,materials,fuels,electrici- ty,iron and steel.With the department of the industry, the require of the crasher is more and more higher. There are several kinds of crashers being used in industry .such as jaw crusher revolvement crusher,roller crusher ,punch crusher,prind crusher .Jaw crusher has many advantages,which other crushers can not instead of .Such as simple structure, safety work ,make easy,maintain easy and so on.The Jaw crusher is widly used in industries.And those are made by our country are used by other countries,this design of the Jaw crusher is besed on the adventages of the older Jaw crusher ,and studied in improved aspects. After practice,reading amount of material and the rific analysis ,we set up a more perfective model of parameter .And use of the computer improve the main parameter of the crusher ,make the stracture of the crusher become better ,and the utilities of energy is much higher .And the matter of cost is much better.At the same time ,we have studied new Jaw crasher,and it raises the crusher’s protective, reduces the over crushed mesh of the material,.and it raises it’s productive and the life of the crusher. There are some improvements in frame.it makes crusher easy to be assembled and disassemble ,uphold ,maintain easy, so that ulitize the crusher work much better ,and play the important role in the Jaw crusher. Keywords：crusher; Jaw crusher; study; improve ; design 目 錄 1 概述 1.1破碎…………………………………………….1 1.2破碎的目的……………………………………….1 1.3破碎的方法.........................................2 1.4破碎機(jī)的選型.......................................3 1.5鄂式破碎機(jī)的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展.............................7 1.5.1鄂式破碎機(jī)的原理和類型.......................7 1.5.2復(fù)雜擺動(dòng)鄂式破碎機(jī)............ ..............10 1.5.3兩種鄂式破碎機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)比較 ...................12 1.5.4主要零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)分析.........................13 2 鄂式破碎機(jī)的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 2.1結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的確定.....................................19 2.2工作參數(shù)的確定.....................................22 2.3電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇.......................................26 2.4飛輪尺寸的確定.....................................26 3 傳動(dòng)部分的設(shè)計(jì) 3.1皮帶傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì).......................................28 3.2軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì).......................................30 3.3軸承和鍵的校核.....................................33 3.4軸承的校核.........................................38 3.4.1計(jì)算當(dāng)量載荷.................................38 3.4.2軸承的壽命 ..................................39 4 鄂式破碎機(jī)動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 4.1鄂式破碎機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)分析...............................39 4.2鄂式破碎機(jī)的最優(yōu)動(dòng)力平衡..........................41 4.2.1鄂式破碎機(jī)的支座附加動(dòng)壓力平衡...............41 4.2.2振動(dòng)力最優(yōu)平衡...............................41 4.2.3各種平衡方法對比方法實(shí)例.....................43 4.3鄂式破碎機(jī)拉桿彈簧的計(jì)算載荷確定...................45 4.3.1彈簧拉力計(jì)算式...............................46 4.3.2確定肘板約束反力的條件.......................47 4.3.3彈簧計(jì)算載荷的最優(yōu)計(jì)算.......................48 4.4機(jī)構(gòu)平衡與拉桿彈簧的綜合優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)...................49 4.5鄂式破碎機(jī)飛輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量的計(jì)算.......................51 4.5.1機(jī)器運(yùn)動(dòng)方程式求解...........................51 4.5.2鄂式破碎機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)方程式.......................52 4.5.3等效驅(qū)動(dòng)力矩..............................53 4.5.4等效阻力矩.................................54 4.5.5飛輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量的迭代方法........................56 4.5.6優(yōu)化模型....................................57 4.5.7優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)步驟................................58 5 新型鄂式破碎機(jī)的研究 5.1鄂式破碎機(jī)部分結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)的設(shè)想........................60 5.1.1帶輪和飛輪的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)..........................60 5.1.2機(jī)器調(diào)整座槽的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)........................60 5.1.3推力板襯墊的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)..........................61 5.1.4鄂板的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)................................61 5.1.5機(jī)架的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)................................62 5.2破碎機(jī)振動(dòng)的數(shù)值計(jì)算................................62 5.2.1破碎機(jī)振動(dòng)分析及數(shù)值計(jì)算概述..................62 5.2.2偏心軸組的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型及數(shù)學(xué)模型................63 5.2.3曲柄質(zhì)量動(dòng)態(tài)平衡的研究........................63 6 鄂式破碎機(jī)的使用與測試 6.1鄂式破碎機(jī)的操作....................................66 6.1.1起動(dòng)前的準(zhǔn)備工作..............................66 6.1.2操作順序......................................67 6.1.3起動(dòng)和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)......................67 6.2鄂式破碎機(jī)的維護(hù)與保養(yǎng)..............................68 6.2.1鄂式破碎機(jī)的日常維護(hù)..........................68 6.2.2鄂式破碎機(jī)的故障分析與排除....................68 6.3鄂式破碎機(jī)的安裝修理與運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)..........................71 6.3.1鄂式破碎機(jī)的安裝..............................71 6.3.2鄂式破碎機(jī)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)..............................68 6.3.3鄂式破碎機(jī)主要零件的修理......................74 總結(jié)..........................................................77 參考文獻(xiàn).....................................................78 附錄.........................................................79 英文資料......................................................81 中文翻譯......................................................86 致謝.......................................................... 90