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摘 要
手動(dòng)火焰清理設(shè)備一直是鋼鐵企業(yè)的常用設(shè)備。這項(xiàng)艱苦的工作經(jīng)常是在高溫，高粉塵及噪聲污染的惡劣環(huán)境中進(jìn)行的。為了改善手工作業(yè)環(huán)境以及由于手工作業(yè)帶來的低效率，高成本等問題，如今鋼鐵行業(yè)逐漸重視對鋼坯清理的機(jī)械作業(yè)的研發(fā)。所謂鋼坯火焰清理就是利用高溫火焰的氣割和熔除作用將鋼坯表面缺陷燒除的工序。該工序能有效提高鋼材的軋制質(zhì)量，為了生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼材提供了必要的保證。鋼坯火焰清理按工作溫度分為熱鋼坯火焰清理和冷鋼坯火焰清理；鋼坯火焰清理按操作方式分為手工作業(yè)和機(jī)械作業(yè)方式。其中實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械作業(yè)的裝置稱火焰清理機(jī)，他是通過專門燒嘴將氧氣和煉焦煤氣進(jìn)行混合，燃燒火焰預(yù)熱連鑄鋼坯，然后利用高壓純氧流與鋼坯表面產(chǎn)生氧化反應(yīng)，對鋼坯火焰清理機(jī)需要采取機(jī)械作業(yè)方式，冷鋼坯火焰清理機(jī)即可采用手工作業(yè)方式，又可采用機(jī)械作業(yè)方式。冷鋼坯火焰清理即可采用手工作業(yè)方式，又可采用計(jì)息作業(yè)方式，但由于我國目前非常缺乏專門的火焰清理機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)、制造研發(fā)能力，國內(nèi)鋼坯火焰清理主要采用手工作業(yè)冷鋼坯清理方式。
本課題組的工作重點(diǎn)主要有下面幾個(gè)方面：
1、 進(jìn)行鋼坯火焰清理機(jī)總體功能分析
2、 進(jìn)行鋼坯火焰清理機(jī)初步設(shè)計(jì)方案可行性論證
3、 基于確定初步設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行初步結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，包括鋼坯翻板、缺陷清理、廢屑排除等典型功能裝置的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算
4、 鋼坯火焰清理機(jī)的具體技術(shù)指標(biāo)為：
工作溫度：0°C—50 °C，相對適度：≤90%
工作電源：380V±10% /3相/50HZ
鋼坯臨界尺寸（mm）：（長*寬*高）：(200~300)*（1850~2280）*（2000~4000）
具有鋼坯自動(dòng)夾緊與松開、自動(dòng)翻板功能；
燒嘴能自動(dòng)點(diǎn)火與熄滅，且高度能手動(dòng)可調(diào)；
具有自動(dòng)排屑功能；
導(dǎo)軌帶有自動(dòng)防屑塵的防護(hù)罩。
關(guān)鍵字：鋼坯，火焰清理，火焰清理機(jī)，總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 導(dǎo)軌
Abstract
Manual flame cleaning equipment commonly used in iron and steel enterprises has been the equipment. The hard work is often at high temperatures, high dust and noise pollution, the harsh environments. In order to improve the environment as a result of manual work to bring the low efficiency of manual work, cost and other issues, is now increasing emphasis on the billet steel industry clean-up research and development of mechanical operations. The so-called clean-up is the use of high-temperature flame billet flame gas cutting and melting the role of the slab surface defects in addition to burning processes. The process can improve the quality of rolled steel, in order to produce high quality steel provides the necessary guarantees. Billet flame temperature is divided into hot clean-up by cleaning and cold billet billet flame flame cleaning; billet flame into manual clean-up operation by operation, and mechanical practices. Mechanical operation of the device to achieve them, said flame cleaning machine, he will be through a special burner to mix oxygen and coking coal gas, burning flame preheating continuous casting billets, and then using high pressure oxygen flow with the billet surface oxidation, flame cleaning of steel billet machine need to take mechanical practices, cold steel billet flame cleaning machine can be manually practices, but also can be mechanical practices. Cold billet flame cleaning practices can be used manually, but also can be used interest-bearing practices, but because our country is lack of specialized flame cleaning machine design, manufacturing R & D capabilities, domestic steel flame mainly manual work cleaning up the cold slab clean way.
The main focus of the work our group has the following aspects:
1, the overall function of slab of flame cleaning machine
2, the initial billet flame cleaning machine design feasibility
3, based on the preliminary design to determine preliminary design, including the billet flap, defect clean up, debris excluded from the typical functional device working principle and structure design calculations
4, billet flame cleaning machine specific technical indicators:
Operating temperature: 0 ° C-50 ° C, relatively modest: ≤ 90%
Power supply: 380V ± 10% / 3 phase / 50HZ
Billet critical size (mm): (L * W * H): (200 ~ 300) * (1850 ~ 2280) * (2000 ~ 4000)
Automatic clamping and release with the billet, automatic shutter function;
Automatic ignition and extinguishing of the burner can, and the height can be manually adjusted;
Function with automatic chip removal;
Rail with automatic anti-litter dust shield.
Keywords: billet, flame cleaning, flame cleaning machine, the overall design, rail