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沈陽(yáng)工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)
摘 要
本課題涉及內(nèi)容為智能齒輪齒距誤差測(cè)量?jī)x的研究及其設(shè)計(jì)。在對(duì)現(xiàn)今各種齒距誤差測(cè)量?jī)x進(jìn)行研究后，本課題在小型、經(jīng)濟(jì)方面著手，設(shè)計(jì)出適合中小形齒輪齒距誤差的測(cè)量?jī)x器。其特點(diǎn)在于體積小，測(cè)量方便，有利于節(jié)省空間及使用方便。
本課題實(shí)現(xiàn)了單個(gè)及多個(gè)齒距的誤差測(cè)量，若對(duì)軟件部分進(jìn)行 開(kāi)發(fā)還可測(cè)量齒形，齒廓誤差等，具有可擴(kuò)展性。設(shè)計(jì)中包括機(jī)械部分設(shè)計(jì)和電子測(cè)控部分設(shè)計(jì)及軟件的開(kāi)發(fā)。在穩(wěn)定精度的基礎(chǔ)上，機(jī)械部分盡量做到了結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，以減少積累誤差及降低成本。在智能方面，采用單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了自動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)采集，自動(dòng)測(cè)量，自動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)處理，自動(dòng)顯示及打印輸出測(cè)量結(jié)果的“流水”化測(cè)量過(guò)程，可節(jié)省人力及測(cè)量時(shí)間。在計(jì)算方面參考了國(guó)內(nèi)外眾多先進(jìn)的 研究成果,結(jié)合本課題特點(diǎn)，選用了相對(duì)法計(jì)算單個(gè)齒距誤差，多個(gè)齒距累積誤差具有簡(jiǎn)單易行的特點(diǎn)。
本課題說(shuō)明書(shū)在最后對(duì)儀器的測(cè)量及工作環(huán)境做出了經(jīng)濟(jì)可行性及環(huán)境分 析，本設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品具有的占地空間小，制造成本低及操作簡(jiǎn)單，智能測(cè)量等的一 系列特性非常適合小型企業(yè)中，中小型零件批量生產(chǎn)的需要。除此之外本設(shè)計(jì) 產(chǎn)品運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)噪音低，無(wú)污染。綜合上述優(yōu)點(diǎn)本設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品具有極好的市場(chǎng)前景。
關(guān)鍵詞： 齒距誤差； 齒輪； 測(cè)量?jī)x
I
沈陽(yáng)工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)
Abstract
The research and design of the intelligent gear tooth distance error measuring instrumentt are involved in this thesis.After the study of the present error measuring instrument, the paper designs the measuring instrument for the gear tooth distance error of the middle and middle gears..?Its characteristics lie in small size, convenient measurement, convenient for saving space and easy to use..
The error of single and multiple pitch measurement is realized, and if the software part is developed, it can measure tooth profile, tooth profile error, etc..?Design and development of the design and software of the design and the electrical sub measurement and controlling parts of the design and the electrical sub measurement and control system.?On the basis of the stability accuracy, the mechanical part is as far as possible to make the structure simple, in order to reduce the accumulation error and reduce the cost.?In the aspect of intelligence by SCM system, realize the automatic data collection, automatic measurement, automatic data processing, automatic display and print the measuring results of "flowing water" measurement process, save manpower and time measurement.?In terms of computation with reference to numerous domestic and foreign advanced research results, combined with the subject characteristics, selection of the least square method is used to calculate a single tooth pitch error, the choice of relative method for measuring a plurality of teeth cumulative pitch error has the characteristics of simple.
This topic statement at the end of instrument measurement and working environment make the economic feasibility and environmental analysis, with the design of products covers an area of small space, manufacturing cost is low and the operation is simple, intelligent measurement, such as a series of characteristic, and is very suitable for small and medium enterprises, small and medium-sized zero batch production.?In addition to the design of the product operation noise is low, no pollution.?The advantages of this design have excellent prospects for the market..
Keyword: Tooth distance error ； gear ；measuring instrument
5
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 錄 III
緒 論 1
1 齒距誤差測(cè)量的理論基礎(chǔ) 3
1.1 齒輪齒距偏差相關(guān)概念 3
1.1.1 齒輪單個(gè)齒距偏差(fpt) 3
1.1.2齒距累積偏差 3
1.1.3 齒距累積總偏差(Fp) 4
1.2測(cè)量原理 4
2智能齒距誤差測(cè)量?jī)x的機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.1 步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 7
2.2 主軸傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.2.1絲杠的設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.2.2 蝸輪蝸桿的設(shè)計(jì) 8
3智能齒距誤差測(cè)量?jī)x的單片機(jī)部分設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.1 單片機(jī)硬件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.1.1 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.1.2 信號(hào)采集模塊設(shè)備選擇 11
3.1.3 信號(hào)調(diào)整模塊的設(shè)計(jì) 12
3.1.4 步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2 單片機(jī)軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.2.1 主程序的程序 14
3.2.2讀入 A/D 數(shù)據(jù)程序 14
3.2.3 數(shù)字濾波程序 15
3.2.4 鍵盤(pán)掃描輸入程序 16
3.2.5 步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)控制程序 16
3.2.6 打印機(jī)輸出程序 16
4 經(jīng)濟(jì)可行性及環(huán)境分析 18
5 結(jié)論 21
致 謝 22
參考文獻(xiàn) 23