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1、DSP發(fā)展、現(xiàn)況及其應(yīng)用中英文翻譯 外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯 中英文對(duì)照 　　"數(shù)字信號(hào)處理（Digital Signal Processing，簡(jiǎn)稱DSP）是一門涉及許多學(xué)科而又廣泛應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域的新興學(xué)科。DSP有兩種含義：digital Signal Processing（數(shù)字信號(hào)處理）、Digital Signal Processor（數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器）。我們常說(shuō)的DSP指的是數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器。數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器是一種適合完成數(shù)字信號(hào)處理運(yùn)算的處理器。20世紀(jì)60年代以來(lái)，隨著計(jì)算機(jī)和信息技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，數(shù)字信號(hào)處理技術(shù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生并得到迅速的發(fā)展。在過(guò)去的二十多年時(shí)間里，數(shù)字信號(hào)處理已經(jīng)在通信等領(lǐng)域得到極

2、為廣泛的應(yīng)用。 　　數(shù)字信號(hào)處理是利用計(jì)算機(jī)或?qū)Ｓ锰幚碓O(shè)備，以數(shù)字形式對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行采集、變換、濾波、估值、增強(qiáng)、壓縮、識(shí)別等處理，以得到符合人們需要的信號(hào)形式。 　　數(shù)字信號(hào)處理是以眾多學(xué)科為理論基礎(chǔ)的，它所涉及的范圍極其廣泛。例如，在數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域，微積分、概率統(tǒng)計(jì)、隨機(jī)過(guò)程、數(shù)值分析等都是數(shù)字信號(hào)處理的基本工具，與網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論、信號(hào)與系統(tǒng)、控制論、通信理論、故障診斷等也密切相關(guān)。近來(lái)新興的一些學(xué)科，如人工智能、模式識(shí)別、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等，都與數(shù)字信號(hào)處理密不可分?？梢哉f(shuō)，數(shù)字信號(hào)處理是把許多經(jīng)典的理論體系作為自己的理論基礎(chǔ)，同時(shí)又使自己成為一系列新興學(xué)科的理論基礎(chǔ)。 　　DSP主要應(yīng)用在數(shù)字信號(hào)處理中

3、，目的是為了能夠滿足實(shí)時(shí)信號(hào)處理的要求，因此需要將數(shù)字信號(hào)處理中的常用運(yùn)算執(zhí)行的盡可能快，這就決定了DSP的特點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。適合數(shù)字信號(hào)處理的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)：DSP包含乘法器、累加器、特殊地址發(fā)生器、領(lǐng)開銷循環(huán)等；提高處理速度的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)：流水線技術(shù)、并行處理技術(shù)、超常指令（VLIW）、超標(biāo)量技術(shù)、DMA等。從廣義上講，DSP、微處理器和微控制器（單片機(jī)）等都屬于處理器，可以說(shuō)DSP是一種CPU。DSP和一般的CPU又不同，最大的區(qū)別在于：CPU是馮.諾伊曼結(jié)構(gòu)的；DSP是數(shù)據(jù)和地址空間分開的哈佛結(jié)構(gòu)。 　　世界上第一個(gè)單片DSP芯片應(yīng)當(dāng)是1978年AMI公司發(fā)布的S2811，1979年美國(guó)Inte

4、l公司發(fā)布的商用可編程器件2920是DSP芯片的一個(gè)主要里程碑。這兩種芯片內(nèi)部都沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代DSP芯片所必須有的單周期乘法器。1980 年，日本 NEC 公司推出的μPD7720是第一個(gè)具有乘法器的商用DSP 芯片。 　　在這之后，最成功的DSP 芯片當(dāng)數(shù)美國(guó)德州儀器公司（Texas Instruments，簡(jiǎn)稱TI）的一系列產(chǎn)品。TI 公司在1982年成功推出其第一代DSP 芯片 TMS32010及其系列產(chǎn)品TMS32011、TMS320C10/C14/C15/C16/C17等，之后相繼推出了第二代DSP芯片TMS32020、TMS320C25/C26/C28，第三代DSP芯片TMS320C3

5、0/C31/C32，第四代DSP芯片TMS320C40/C44，第五代 DSP 芯片TMS320C5X/C54X，第二代DSP芯片的改進(jìn)型TMS320C2XX，集多片DSP芯片于一體的高性能DSP芯片TMS320C8X以及目前速度最快的第六代DSP芯片TMS320C62X/C67X等。TI將常用的DSP芯片歸納為三大系列，即：TMS320C2000系列（包括TMS320C2X/C2XX）、TMS320C5000系列（包括TMS320C5X/C54X）、TMS320C6000系列（TMS320C62X/C67X）。如今，TI公司的一系列DSP產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今世界上最有影響的DSP芯片。TI公司也

6、成為世界上最大的DSP芯片供應(yīng)商，其DSP市場(chǎng)份額占全世界份額近50％。目前，DSP處理器仍被TI、AGERE、ADI等公司占領(lǐng)，產(chǎn)品受外國(guó)大企業(yè)控制。國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展DSP的廠商并不多，而主要的應(yīng)用是DVD與無(wú)線電話等產(chǎn)品，因此國(guó)內(nèi)DSP的產(chǎn)值并不高。而在產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用上，目前重要的DSP應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品，如移動(dòng)電話、調(diào)制解調(diào)器等個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)與通訊領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品，都是采用國(guó)際大廠的DSP 解決方案。 　　DSP技術(shù)應(yīng)用到我們生活的每一個(gè)角落，從軍用到民用，從航空航天到生產(chǎn)生活，都越來(lái)越多地使用DSP。 　　DSP技術(shù)在航空航天方面，主要用于雷達(dá)和聲納信號(hào)處理；在通信方面，主要用于移動(dòng)電話、IP電話(voice o

7、ver IP)、ADSL和HFC的信號(hào)傳輸；在控制方面，主要用于電機(jī)控制、光驅(qū)和硬盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器；在測(cè)試/測(cè)量方面，主要用于虛擬儀器、自動(dòng)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)、醫(yī)療診斷等；在電子娛樂(lè)方面，主要用于高清晰度電視(HDTV)、機(jī)頂盒(STB)、AC-3、家庭影院、DVD等應(yīng)用；還有數(shù)字相機(jī)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)相機(jī)等等都應(yīng)用了DSP技術(shù)。同時(shí)，SOC芯片系統(tǒng)、無(wú)線應(yīng)用、嵌入式DSP都是未來(lái)DSP的發(fā)展方向和趨勢(shì)。可以說(shuō)，沒(méi)有DSP就沒(méi)有對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的訪問(wèn)，也不會(huì)有多媒體，也沒(méi)有無(wú)線通信。因此，DSP仍將是整個(gè)半導(dǎo)體工業(yè)的技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)力?，F(xiàn)在，DSP應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域不斷拓寬，其函蓋面包括寬帶Internet接入業(yè)務(wù)、下一代無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展、數(shù)字消

8、費(fèi)電子市場(chǎng)、汽車電子市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展等諸多多方面?，F(xiàn)代數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器是執(zhí)行高速數(shù)字信號(hào)處理的IC電路、它恰好適應(yīng)多媒體信息化社會(huì)需求，迅速發(fā)展壯大。如今，世界電子器件市上，各種各樣的DSP器件已相當(dāng)豐富。大大小小封裝形式的DSP器件，已廣泛應(yīng)用于各種產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域，而且DSP的用領(lǐng)域仍在不斷地?cái)U(kuò)大，發(fā)展速度異常。 　　主要應(yīng)用有數(shù)字化移動(dòng)電話、數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)制解調(diào)器、磁盤／光盤控制器需求、圖形圖像處理需求、汽車電子系統(tǒng)等。 　　應(yīng)用DSP的領(lǐng)域可以說(shuō)是不勝枚舉，電視會(huì)議系統(tǒng)里，也大量應(yīng)用DSP器件。視聽機(jī)器里也都應(yīng)用DSP。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，將會(huì)出現(xiàn)許許多多的DSP新應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。 　　DSP的開發(fā)工具

9、包括各種仿真軟件、調(diào)試軟件、硬件仿真器、評(píng)估板、初學(xué)者實(shí)驗(yàn)套件、教學(xué)套件等。國(guó)外有一些DSP的咨詢公司及網(wǎng)站，他們起到DSP用戶和DSP芯片供應(yīng)商、DSP第三方之間的橋梁作用，也會(huì)為客戶提供設(shè)計(jì)、提供軟件和硬件及出版資料圖書，有些還辦培訓(xùn)班。國(guó)內(nèi)也有不少DSP論壇，以便用戶之間進(jìn)行DSP技術(shù)的交流。 　　中國(guó)DSP市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)迅速，在DSP應(yīng)用方面中國(guó)一直保持著與國(guó)際上DSP技術(shù)同步的態(tài)勢(shì)，從DSP芯片面世開始，中國(guó)就有單位應(yīng)用、銷售DSP芯片。隨著中國(guó)社會(huì)數(shù)字化、信息化的進(jìn)展和中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)，刺激了電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)和市場(chǎng)的快速發(fā)展，推動(dòng)了DSP的廣泛應(yīng)用。 　　DSP Developme

10、nt, the Status and Its Application 　　Digital signal processing (DSP) is involves many disciplines and widely applies in the many domain emerging disciplines. DSP has two kinds of meanings: digital Signal Processing, Digital Signal Processor. We often say that what DSP refers to the digital signal p

11、rocessor. The Digital Signal Processors are suitable for to complete digital signal processing operation of the processor. Since the 1960s, with the computer and the information technologys’ swift development, the digital signal processing technologies has arisen at the historic moment and obtains t

12、he rapid development. In the past more than 20 years, the digital signal processing has widely applied in the field of communication and others. 　　The digital signal processing uses the computer or the special-purpose handling equipment, carries compressing and so on gathering, transformation, filt

13、er, estimating, value, enhancement, compression, recognition by the digital form ,to obtain the signal form which the people need. 　　The digital signal processing takes the numerous disciplines as the rationales, whose scope is extremely applied. For example, in mathematics domain, the calculus, th

14、e probability statistics, the stochastic process, the numerical analysis and so on. They are the digital signal processing basic tool and they are relating to, the signal and the system, the cybernetics, the correspondence theory, the failure diagnosis and so on. Recently the emerging some disciplin

15、es, like the artificial intelligence, the pattern recognition, the neural networks and so on, are inseparable with the digital signal processing. It can be said that digital signal processing takes many classics system info’s own rationale, simultaneously causes itself to become a services if emergi

16、ng disciplines the rationale. 　　The DSP is mainly applied in the digital signal processing, the summing to can satisfy the real-time signal processing, therefore it needs tube digital signal processing operation executing quickly, therefore these have decided the DSP characteristic and the key tec

17、hnologies. The digital signal processing’s the key technologies: DSP contains multiplier, accumulator, special assures producer, the collar expenses circulation and so on; rises the processing speed the key technologies: assembly line technology, parallel processing technology, very long instruction

18、 word, exceeding the allowed figure quantity technology, DMA etc. Broadly speaking, DSP, microprocessor and microcontroller (MCU) belong to the processor, can be said that DSP is a kind of CPU. DSP and general CPU are also different, the biggest difference lies in: CPU is Von Norma structure; while

19、DSP its the data and the address space separated Harvard structure. 　　The commercial programmable component which in the world is the first monolithic DSP chip must be the S2811 issued by AMI Corporation, 1979 which year US Intel Corporation issued 2920 is a DSP chip main milestone. These two kind

20、s of chip interior does not have the monocycle multiplier which the modern DSP chip must have. In 1980, Japans NEC Corp. launched μ PD7720 is the first of a multiplier of commercial DSP chips. 　　After this, the most successful DSP chip works as the number US Texas Instruments Company (TI)a series o

21、f products. TI corporation succeeded in 1982 promotes its first generation of DSP chip TMS3210 and serial products TMS32011,TMS320C10/C14/C15/C16?17 and so on, afterward has promoted second generation of DSP one adder another chip TMS32020,TMS320C25/C26/C28,THIRD GENERATION DSP CHIP TMD320C30/C31/C3

22、2,fourth generation of DSP chip TMS320C40/C44,fifth generation of DSP chip TMS320C5X/C54X,second generation of DSP chip advanced version TMS 320C2XX,collection piece of DSP chips in body’s high performance DP chip TMD320C8X as well as present speed quickest sixth generation of DSP chip TMS320C62X/C6

23、7X and so on. TI the commonly used DSP chip induction will be three big series, namely: MS320C2000 series (including TMS320C2X/2XX), TMS320C5000 series (including TMS320C5X/C54X), TMS320C6000 series (TMS320C62X/C67X). Now, TI Corporation’s a series of DSP chip product already became none in t

24、he world the most influence DSP chip. TI Corporation also becomes the biggest DSP chip supplier and its DSP market chare occupies the world share nearly 50%.At present, the DSP processor by TI,AGERE, ADI and so on was still seized, the product is controlled the foreign big enterprise. At home the DS

25、P manufactures are not many, but the main application product is DVD and the radio telephone and so on. Therefore the domestic DSP output value is not high. But in the product application, the important DSP application product, like the mobile phone, the modem, personal computer and the communicatio

26、n domain application products all use the international big plant DSP solution. 　　The DSP technology applies corner of our life, from military to civil, the aerospace to the production life. 　　In the aerospace aspect, the DSP technology mainly used in the radar and sonar signal disposals. In the c

27、orrespondence aspect, mainly used in the mobile phone, Voice Over IP, ADSL and HFC signaling; In the control aspect, mainly used in the motor control, the light driving with the hard disk driver; In the test/survey aspect, mainly uses in the hypothesized instrument tm the automated test system, the

28、 medical diagnosis and so on; In the electronic entertainment aspect, mainly used in applications high-definition television (HDTV), set-top boxes (STB), AC - 3, family theater, DVD ;Also the digital camera \,the network camera and so on to apply the DSP technology. At the same time, the SOC chip sy

29、stem, will apply, embedded DSP is wireless the future DSP development direction and the tendency, It can be said if these the DSP there will be few people to browse internet multimedia, also will not have the wireless communication. Therefore, the DSP will still be the entire semiconductor industry

30、technical driving influence. Now, the DSP applications application domain expands unceasingly, its letter screen including wide band internet turning on service, next generation wireless communication system’s development, digital expense electron market, automobile electron market development and s

31、o on many various. The modern digital signal processor is caries out the high speed figure signal processing IC electric circuit, it to adapt the multimedia informanization society demand exactly, grows strong rapidly. Now, world applied in each product realm of production, moreover DSP unceasingly

32、was still expanding with the domain, the development speed is unusual. 　　The main applications of it is the digitization mobile phone, the data modem, the disk / CD-ROM controller demand, the graph imagery processing demand, the automobile electron system and so on. 　　The using of the DSP domain i

33、s too numerous to cite individually. In the TV conference system, use applies the DSP component massively. In the seeing and hearing machine also applies the DSP. Along with science and technology development, it will present many the DSP new application domains. 　　The DSP development kit includes

34、each kind of simulation software, the hardware simulator, the appraisal board, the beginner to test the suite, the teaching suite and so on. Overseas has some DSP Consultant firm and the website, they have the DSP user and the DSP chip supplier, between the DSP third party bridge role, also will pro

35、vide the design for the customer, to provide the software and the hardware and the publication material books, some will also have the training class. At home there are many DSP forums, so that the user can carry on the DSP technology to the exchange information. 　　With the rapid growth of Chinas D

36、SP market, the DSP application in China has been maintaining the same technology synchronization situation internationally. Along with the Chinese society digitization, the informationization progress continued with the Chinese economy to grown stably has stimulated the fast development of market an

37、d the electronic information industry and promoted the DSP widespread application. 　　.............................................................................. 　　 .............................................................................. 　　此處忽略！?。。。。。?！