電器旋鈕注射模具設計【說明書+CAD+PROE+仿真】,說明書+CAD+PROE+仿真,電器旋鈕注射模具設計【說明書+CAD+PROE+仿真】,電器,旋鈕,注射,模具設計,說明書,仿單,cad,proe,仿真 Die history 1 Die position in industrial production Mold is a high-volume products with the shape tool, is the main process of industrial production equipment. 采用模具生產零部件，具有生產效率高、質量好、成本低、節(jié)約能源和原材料等一系列優(yōu)點，用模具生產制件所具備的高精度、高復雜程度、高一致性、高生產率和低消耗，是其他加工制造方法所不能比 With mold components, with high efficiency, good quality, low cost, saving energy and raw materials and a series of advantages, with the mold workpieces possess high accuracy, high complexity, high consistency, high productivity and low consumption , other manufacturing methods can not match. 已成為當代工業(yè)生產的重要手段和工藝發(fā)展方向。 Have already become an important means of industrial production and technological development. 現(xiàn)代經濟的基礎工The basis of the modern industrial economy. 現(xiàn)代工業(yè)品的發(fā)展和技術水平的提高，很大程度上取決于模具工業(yè)的發(fā)展水平，因此模具工業(yè)對國民經濟和社會發(fā)展將起越來越大的作用。 The development of modern industrial and technological level depends largely on the level of industrial development die, so die industry to national economic and social development will play an increasing role. 1989 年 3 月國務院頒布的《關于當前產業(yè)政策要點的決定》中，把模具列為機械工業(yè)技術改造序列的第一位、生產和基本建設序列的第二位 ( 僅次于大型發(fā)電設備及相應的輸變電設備 ) ，確立模具工業(yè)在國民經濟中的重要地位。 March 1989 the State Council promulgated "on the current industrial policy decision points" in the mold as the machinery industry transformation sequence of the first, production and capital construction of the second sequence (after the large-scale power generation equipment and the corresponding power transmission equipment), establish tooling industry in an important position in the national economy. 1997 年以來，又相繼把模具及其加工技術和設備列入了《當前國家重點鼓勵發(fā)展的產業(yè)、產品和技術目錄》和《鼓勵外商投資產業(yè)目錄》。 Since 1997, they have to mold and its processing technology and equipment included in the "current national focus on encouraging the development of industries, products and technologies catalog" and "to encourage foreign investment industry directory." 經國務院批準，從 1997 年到 2000 年，對 80 多家國有專業(yè)模具廠實行增值稅返還 70% 的優(yōu)惠政策，以扶植模具工業(yè)的發(fā)展。 Approved by the State Council, from 1997 to 2000, more than 80 professional mold factory owned 70% VAT refund of preferential policies to support mold industry. 所有這些，都充分體現(xiàn)了國務院和國家有關部門對發(fā)展模具工業(yè)的重視和支持。 All these have fully demonstrated the development of the State Council and state departments tooling industry attention and support. 目前全世界模具年產值約為 600 億美元，日、美等工業(yè)發(fā)達國家的模具工業(yè)產值已超過機床工業(yè)，從 1997 年開始，我國模具工業(yè)產值也超過了機床工業(yè)產值。 Mold around the world about the current annual output of 60 billion U.S. dollars, Japan, the United States and other industrialized countries die of industrial output value of more than machine tool industry, beginning in 1997, China's industrial output value has exceeded the mold machine tool industry output. 2 China's mold industry and its development trend 模具工業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 Die & Mould Industry Status 由于歷史原因形成的封閉式、“ 大 而全” 的 企業(yè)特征，我國大部分企業(yè)均設有模具車間，處于本廠的配套地位，自 70 年代末才有了模具工業(yè)化和生產專業(yè)化這個概念。 Due to historical reasons for the formation of closed, "big and complete" enterprise features, most enterprises in China are equipped with mold workshop, in factory matching status since the late 70s have a mold the concept of industrialization and specialization of production. 生產效率不高，經濟效益較差。 Production efficiency is not high, poor economic returns. 模具行業(yè)的生產小而散亂，跨行業(yè)、投資密集，專業(yè)化、商品化和技術管理水平都比較低。 Mold production industry is small and scattered, cross-industry, capital-intensive, professional, commercial and technical management level are relatively low. 據不完全統(tǒng)計，全國現(xiàn)有模具專業(yè)生產廠、產品廠配套的模具車間（分廠）近17000家，約60萬從業(yè)人員，年模具總產值達200億元人民幣。 According to incomplete statistics, there are now specialized in manufacturing mold, the product supporting mold factory workshop (factory) near 17 000, about 600 000 employees, annual output value reached 20 billion yuan mold. 但是，我國模具工業(yè)現(xiàn)有能力只能滿足需求量的60％左右，還不能適應國民經濟發(fā)展的需要。 However, the existing capacity of the mold and die industry can only meet the demand of 60%, still can not meet the needs of national economic development. 目前，國內需要的大型、精密、復雜和長壽命的模具還主要依靠進口。 At present, the domestic needs of large, sophisticated, complex and long life of the mold also rely mainly on imports. 據海關統(tǒng)計，1997年進口模具價值6.3億美元，這還不包括隨設備一起進口的模具；1997年出口模具僅為7800萬美元。 According to customs statistics, in 1997 630 million U.S. dollars worth of imports mold, not including the import of mold together with the equipment; in 1997 only 78 million U.S. dollars export mold. 目前我國模具工業(yè)的技術水平和制造能力，是我國國民經濟建設中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)和制約經濟持續(xù)發(fā)展的瓶頸。 At present the technological level of China Die & Mould Industry and manufacturing capacity, China's national economy in the weak links and bottlenecks constraining sustainable economic development. 1、模具工業(yè)產品結構的現(xiàn)狀 2.1 Research on the Structure of industrial products mold 按照中國模具工業(yè)協(xié)會的劃分，我國模具基本分為10大類，其中，沖壓模和塑料成型模兩大類占主要部分。 In accordance with the division of China Mould Industry Association, China mold is divided into 10 basic categories, which, stamping die and plastic molding two categories accounted for the main part. 按產值計算，目前我國沖壓模占50％左右，塑料成形模約占20％，拉絲模（工具）約占10％，而世界上發(fā)達工業(yè)國家和地區(qū)的塑料成形模比例一般占全部模具產值的40％以上。 Calculated by output, present, China accounts for about 50% die stamping, plastic molding die about 20%, Wire Drawing Die (Tool) about 10% of the world's advanced industrial countries and regions, the proportion of plastic forming die die general of the total output value 40%. 我國沖壓模大多為簡單模、單工序模和符合模等，精沖模，精密多工位級進模還為數(shù)不多，模具平均壽命不足100萬次，模具最高壽命達到1億次以上，精度達到3～5um，有50個以上的級進工位，與國際上最高模具壽命6億次，平均模具壽命5000萬次相比，處于80年代中期國際先進水平。 Most of our stamping die mold for the simple, single-process mode and meet the molds, precision die, precision multi-position progressive die is also one of the few, die less than 100 million times the average life of the mold reached 100 million times the maximum life of more than accuracy 3 ~ 5um, more than 50 progressive station, and the international life of the die 600 million times the highest average life of the die 50 million times compared to the mid 80s at the international advanced level. 我國的塑料成形模具設計，制作技術起步較晚，整體水平還較低。 China's plastic molding mold design, production technology started relatively late, the overall level of low. 目前單型腔，簡單型腔的模具達70％以上，仍占主導地位。 Currently a single cavity, a simple mold cavity 70%, and still dominant. 一模多腔精密復雜的塑料注射模，多色塑料注射模已經能初步設計和制造。A sophisticated multi-cavity mold plastic injection mold, plastic injection mold has been able to multi-color preliminary design and manufacturing. 模具平均壽命約為80萬次左右，主要差距是模具零件變形大、溢邊毛刺大、表面質量差、模具型腔沖蝕和腐蝕嚴重、模具排氣不暢和型腔易損等，注射模精度已達到5um以下，最高壽命已突破2000萬次，型腔數(shù)量已超過100腔，達到了80年代中期至90年代初期的國際先進水平。 Mould is about 80 million times the average life span is about, the main difference is the large deformation of mold components, excess burr side of a large, poor surface quality, erosion and corrosion serious mold cavity, the mold cavity exhaust poor and vulnerable such as, injection mold 5um accuracy has reached below the highest life expectancy has exceeded 20 million times, the number has more than 100 chamber cavity, reaching the mid 80s to early 90s the international advanced level. 2、模具工業(yè)技術結構現(xiàn)狀 2.2 mold Present Status of Technology 我國模具工業(yè)目前技術水平參差不齊，懸殊較大。 Technical level of China's mold industry currently uneven, with wide disparities. 從總體上來講，與發(fā)達工業(yè)國家及港臺地區(qū)先進水平相比，還有較大的差距。 Generally speaking, with the developed industrial countries, Hong Kong and Taiwan advanced level, there is a large gap. 在采用CAD/CAM/CAE/CAPP等技術設計與制造模具方面，無論是應用的廣泛性，還是技術水平上都存在很大的差距。 The use of CAD / CAM / CAE / CAPP and other technical design and manufacture molds, both wide application, or technical level, there is a big gap between both. 在應用CAD技術設計模具方面，僅有約10%的模具在設計中采用了CAD，距拋開繪圖板還有漫長的一段路要走；在應用CAE進行模具方案設計和分析計算方面，也才剛剛起步，大多還處于試用和動畫游戲階段；在應用CAM技術制造模具方面，一是缺乏先進適用的制造裝備，二是現(xiàn)有的工藝設備（包括近10多年來引進的先進設備）或因計算機制式（IBM微機及其兼容機、HP工作站等）不同，或因字節(jié)差異、運算速度差異、抗電磁干擾能力差異等，聯(lián)網率較低，只有5%左右的模具制造設備近年來才開展這項工作；在應用CAPP技術進行工藝規(guī)劃方面，基本上處于空白狀態(tài)，需要進行大量的標準化基礎工作；在模具共性工藝技術，如模具快速成型技術、拋光技術、電鑄成型技術、表面處理技術等方面的CAD/CAM技術應用在我國才剛起步。 In the application of CAD technology design molds, only about 10% of the mold used in the design of CAD, aside from drawing board still has a long way to go; in the application of CAE design and analysis of mold calculation, it was just started, most of the game is still in trial stages and animation; in the application of CAM technology manufacturing molds, first, the lack of advanced manufacturing equipment, and second, the existing process equipment (including the last 10 years the introduction of advanced equipment) or computer standard (IBM PC and compatibles, HP workstations, etc.) different, or because of differences in bytes, processing speed differences, differences in resistance to electromagnetic interference, networking is low, only about 5% of the mold manufacturing equipment of recent work in this task; in the application process planning CAPP technology, basically a blank state, based on the need for a lot of standardization work; in the mold common technology, such as mold rapid prototyping technology, polishing, electroforming technologies, surface treatment technology aspects of CAD / CAM technology in China has just started. 計算機輔助技術的軟件開發(fā)，尚處于較低水平，需要知識和經驗的積累。 Computer-aided technology, software development, is still at low level, the accumulation of knowledge and experience required. 我國大部分模具廠、車間的模具加工設備陳舊，在役期長、精度差、效率低，至今仍在使用普通的鍛、車、銑、刨、鉆、磨設備加工模具，熱處理加工仍在使用鹽浴、箱式爐，操作憑工人的經驗，設備簡陋，能耗高。 Most of our mold factory, mold processing equipment shop old, long in the length of civilian service, accuracy, low efficiency, still use the ordinary forging, turning, milling, planing, drilling, grinding and processing equipment, mold, heat treatment is still in use salt bath, box-type furnace, operating with the experience of workers, poorly equipped, high energy consumption. 設備更新速度緩慢，技術改造，技術進步力度不大。 Renewal of equipment is slow, technological innovation, technological progress is not much intensity. 雖然近年來也引進了不少先進的模具加工設備，但過于分散，或不配套，利用率一般僅有25%左右，設備的一些先進功能也未能得到充分發(fā)揮。 Although in recent years introduced many advanced mold processing equipment, but are too scattered, or not complete, only about 25% utilization, equipment, some of the advanced functions are not given full play. 缺乏技術素質較高的模具設計、制造工藝技術人員和技術工人，尤其缺乏知識面寬、知識結構層次高的復合型人才。 Lack of technology of high-quality mold design, manufacturing technology and skilled workers, especially the lack of knowledge and breadth, knowledge structure, high levels of compound talents. 中國模具行業(yè)中的技術人員，只占從業(yè)人員的8%~12%左右，且技術人員和技術工人的總體技術水平也較低。 China's mold industry and technical personnel, only 8% of employees 12%, and the technical personnel and skilled workers and lower the overall skill level. 1980年以前從業(yè)的技術人員和技術工人知識老化，知識結構不能適應現(xiàn)在的需要；而80年代以后從業(yè)的人員，專業(yè)知識、經驗匱乏，動手能力差，不安心，不愿學技術。 Before 1980, practitioners of technical personnel and skilled workers, the aging of knowledge, knowledge structure can not meet the current needs; and staff employed after 80 years, expertise, experience lack of hands-on ability, not ease, do not want to learn technology. 近年來人才外流不僅造成人才數(shù)量與素質水平下降，而且人才結構也出現(xiàn)了新的斷層，青黃不接，使得模具設計、制造的技術水平難以提高。 In recent years, the brain drain caused by personnel not only decrease the quantity and quality levels, and personnel structure of the emergence of new faults, lean, make mold design, manufacturing difficult to raise the technical level. 3、模具工業(yè)配套材料，標準件結構現(xiàn)狀 2.3 mold industry supporting materials, standard parts of present condition 近10多年來，特別是“八五”以來，國家有關部委已多次組織有關材料研究所、大專院校和鋼鐵企業(yè)，研究和開發(fā)模具專用系列鋼種、模具專用硬質合金及其他模具加工的專用工具、輔助材料等，并有所推廣。 Over the past 10 years, especially the "Eighth Five-Year", the State organization of the ministries have repeatedly Material Research Institute, universities and steel enterprises, research and development of special series of die steel, molds and other mold-specific carbide special tools, auxiliary materials, and some promotion. 但因材料的質量不夠穩(wěn)定，缺乏必要的試驗條件和試驗數(shù)據，規(guī)格品種較少，大型模具和特種模具所需的鋼材及規(guī)格還有缺口。 However, due to the quality is not stable enough, the lack of the necessary test conditions and test data, specifications and varieties less, large molds and special mold steel and specifications are required for the gap. 在鋼材供應上，解決用戶的零星用量與鋼廠的批量生產的供需矛盾，尚未得到有效的解決。 In the steel supply, settlement amount and sporadic users of mass-produced steel supply and demand contradiction, yet to be effectively addressed. 另外，國外模具鋼材近年來相繼在國內建立了銷售網點，但因渠道不暢、技術服務支撐薄弱及價格偏高、外匯結算制度等因素的影響，目前推廣應用不多。 In addition, in recent years have foreign steel mold set up sales outlets in China, but poor channels, technical services support the weak and prices are high, foreign exchange settlement system and other factors, promote the use of much current. 模具加工的輔助材料和專用技術近年來雖有所推廣應用，但未形成成熟的生產技術，大多仍還處于試驗摸索階段，如模具表面涂層技術、模具表面熱處理技術、模具導向副潤滑技術、模具型腔傳感技術及潤滑技術、模具去應力技術、模具抗疲勞及防腐技術等尚未完全形成生產力，走向商品化。 Mold supporting materials and special techniques in recent years despite the popularization and application, but failed to mature production technology, most still also in the exploratory stage tests, such as die coating technology, surface treatment technology mold, mold guide lubrication technology Die sensing technology and lubrication technology, mold to stress technology, mold and other anti-fatigue and anti-corrosion technology productivity has not yet fully formed, towards commercialization. 一些關鍵、重要的技術也還缺少知識產權的保護。 Some key, important technologies also lack the protection of intellectual property. 我國的模具標準件生產，80年代初才形成小規(guī)模生產，模具標準化程度及標準件的使用覆蓋面約占20%，從市場上能配到的也只有約30個品種，且僅限于中小規(guī)格。 China's mold standard parts production, the formation of the early 80s only small-scale production, standardization and standard mold parts using the coverage of about 20%, from the market can be assigned to, is just about 30 varieties, and limited to small and medium size. 標準凸凹模、熱流道元件等剛剛開始供應，模架及零件生產供應渠道不暢，精度和質量也較差。 Standard punch, hot runner components and other supplies just the beginning, mold and parts production and supply channels for poor, poor accuracy and quality. 模具的發(fā)展趨勢 3 Die trend 1、模具CAD/CAE/CAM正向集成化、三維化、智能化和網絡化方向發(fā)展 3.1 mold CAD / CAE / CAM being integrated, three-dimensional, intelligent and network direction （1）模具軟件功能集成化 (1) mold software features integrated 模具軟件功能的集成化要求軟件的功能模塊比較齊全，同時各功能模塊采用同一數(shù)據模型，以實現(xiàn)信息的綜合管理與共享，從而支持模具設計、制造、裝配、檢驗、測試及生產管理的全過程，達到實現(xiàn)最佳效益的目的。 Die software features of integrated software modules required relatively complete, while the function module using the same data model, in order to achieve Syndicated news management and sharing of information to support the mold design, manufacture, assembly, inspection, testing and production management of the entire process to achieve optimal benefits. 如英國Delcam公司的系列化軟件就包括了曲面/實體幾何造型、復雜形體工程制圖、工業(yè)設計高級渲染、塑料模設計專家系統(tǒng)、復雜形體CAM、藝術造型及雕刻自動編程系統(tǒng)、逆向工程系統(tǒng)及復雜形體在線測量系統(tǒng)等。 Series such as the UK Delcam's software will include a surface / solid geometric modeling, engineering drawing complex geometry, advanced rendering industrial design, plastic mold design expert system, complex physical CAM, artistic design and sculpture automatic programming system, reverse engineering and complex systems physical line measurement systems. 集成化程度較高的軟件還包括：Pro/ENGINEER、UG和CATIA等。 A higher degree of integration of the software includes: Pro / ENGINEER, UG and CATIA, etc.. 國內有上海交通大學金屬塑性成型有限元分析系統(tǒng)和沖裁模CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)；北京北航海爾軟件有限公司的CAXA系列軟件；吉林金網格模具工程研究中心的沖壓模CAD/CAE/CAM系統(tǒng)等。 Shanghai Jiaotong University, China with finite element analysis of metal plastic forming systems and Die CAD / CAM systems; Beijing Beihang Haier Software Ltd. CAXA Series software; Jilin Gold Grid Engineering Research Center of the stamping die mold CAD / CAE / CAM systems . （2）模具設計、分析及制造的三維化 (2) mold design, analysis and manufacture of three-dimensional 傳統(tǒng)的二維模具結構設計已越來越不適應現(xiàn)代化生產和集成化技術要求。 Two-dimensional mold of traditional structural design can no longer meet modern technical requirements of production and integration. 模具設計、分析、制造的三維化、無紙化要求新一代模具軟件以立體的、直觀的感覺來設計模具，所采用的三維數(shù)字化模型能方便地用于產品結構的CAE分析、模具可制造性評價和數(shù)控加工、成形過程模擬及信息的管理與共享。 Mold design, analysis, manufacturing three-dimensional technology, paperless software required to mold a new generation of three-dimensional, intuitive sense to design the mold, using three-dimensional digital model can be easily used in the product structure of CAE analysis, tooling manufacturability evaluation and CNC machining, forming process simulation and information management and sharing. 如Pro/ENGINEER、UG和CATIA等軟件具備參數(shù)化、基于特征、全相關等特點，從而使模具并行工程成為可能。 Such as Pro / ENGINEER, UG and CATIA software such as with parametric, feature-based, all relevant characteristics, so that mold concurrent engineering possible. 另外，Cimatran公司的Moldexpert，Delcam公司的Ps-mold及日立造船的Space-E/mold均是3D專業(yè)注塑模設計軟件，可進行交互式3D型腔、型芯設計、模架配置及典型結構設計。 In addition, Cimatran company Moldexpert, Delcam's Ps-mold and Hitachi Shipbuilding of Space-E/mold are professional injection mold 3D design software, interactive 3D cavity, core design, mold base design configuration and typical structure . 澳大利亞Moldflow公司的三維真實感流動模擬軟件MoldflowAdvisers已經受到用戶廣泛的好評和應用。 Australian company Moldflow realistic three-dimensional flow simulation software MoldflowAdvisers been widely praised by users and applications. 國內有華中理工大學研制的同類軟件HSC3D4.5F及鄭州工業(yè)大學的Z-mold軟件。 China Huazhong University of Science have developed similar software HSC3D4.5F and Zhengzhou University, Z-mold software. 面向制造、基于知識的智能化功能是衡量模具軟件先進性和實用性的重要標志之一。 For manufacturing, knowledge-based intelligent software function is a measure of die important sign of advanced and practical one. 如Cimatron公司的注塑模專家軟件能根據脫模方向自動產生分型線和分型面，生成與制品相對應的型芯和型腔，實現(xiàn)模架零件的全相關，自動產生材料明細表和供NC加工的鉆孔表格，并能進行智能化加工參數(shù)設定、加工結果校驗等。 Such as injection molding experts Cimatron's software can automatically generate parting direction based parting line and parting surface, generate products corresponding to the core and cavity, implementation of all relevant parts mold, and for automatically generated BOM Form NC drilling process, and can intelligently process parameter setting, calibration and other processing results. （3）模具軟件應用的網絡化趨勢 (3) mold software applications, networking trend 隨著模具在企業(yè)競爭、合作、生產和管理等方面的全球化、國際化，以及計算機軟硬件技術的迅速發(fā)展，網絡使得在模具行業(yè)應用虛擬設計、敏捷制造技術既有必要，也有可能。 With the mold in the enterprise competition, cooperation, production and management, globalization, internationalization, and the rapid development of computer hardware and software technology, the Internet has made in the mold industry, virtual design, agile manufacturing technology both necessary and possible. 美國在其《21世紀制造企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略》中指出，到2006年要實現(xiàn)汽車工業(yè)敏捷生產/虛擬工程方案，使汽車開發(fā)周期從40個月縮短到4個月。 The United States in its "21st Century Manufacturing Enterprise Strategy" that the auto industry by 2006 to achieve agile manufacturing / virtual engineering solutions to automotive development cycle shortened from 40 months to 4 months. 2、模具檢測、加工設備向精密、高效和多功能方向發(fā)展 3.2 mold testing, processing equipment to the precise, efficient, and multi-direction （1）模具檢測設備的日益精密、高效 (1) mold testing equipment more sophisticated, efficient 精密、復雜、大型模具的發(fā)展，對檢測設備的要求越來越高。 Sophisticated, complex, large-scale mold development, testing equipment have become increasingly demanding. 現(xiàn)在精密模具的精度已達2～3μm，目前國內廠家使用較多的有意大利、美國、日本等國的高精度三坐標測量機，并具有數(shù)字化掃描功能。 Precision Mould precision now reached 2 ~ 3μm, more domestic manufacturers have to use Italy, the United States, Japan and other countries in the high-precision coordinate measuring machine, and with digital scanning. 如東風汽車模具廠不僅擁有意大利產3250mm×3250mm三坐標測量機，還擁有數(shù)碼攝影光學掃描儀，率先在國內采用數(shù)碼攝影、光學掃描作為空間三維信息的獲得手段，從而實現(xiàn)了從測量實物→建立數(shù)學模型→輸出工程圖紙→模具制造全過程，成功實現(xiàn)了逆向工程技術的開發(fā)和應用。 Such as Dongfeng Motor Mould Factory not only has the capacity 3250mm × 3250mm Italian coordinate measuring machine, also has a digital photography optical scanner, the first in the domestic use of digital photography, optical scanning as a means of spatial three-dimensional access to information, enabling the establishment from the measurement of physical → model output of engineering drawings → → the whole process of mold making, reverse engineering a successful technology development and applications. 這方面的設備還包括：英國雷尼紹公司第二代高速掃描儀(CYCLON SERIES2)可實現(xiàn)激光測頭和接觸式測頭優(yōu)勢互補，激光掃描精度為0.05mm，接觸式測頭掃描精度達0.02mm。 This equipment include: second-generation British Renishaw high-speed scanners (CYCLON SERIES2) can be realized and contact laser probe complementary probe, laser scanner accuracy of 0.05mm, scanning probe contact accuracy of 0.02 mm. 另外德國GOM公司的