喜歡這套資料就充值下載吧。資源目錄里展示的都可在線預(yù)覽哦。下載后都有，請(qǐng)放心下載，文件全都包含在內(nèi)，有疑問(wèn)咨詢QQ:1064457796
摘 要
變速器是汽車重要的傳動(dòng)系組成，在較大范圍內(nèi)改變汽車行駛速度的大小和汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)輪上扭矩的大小。變速器能在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不變的前提下，使汽車倒退行駛，而且利用擋位可以中斷動(dòng)力的傳遞。所以變速器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性直接影響到汽車動(dòng)力性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。設(shè)計(jì)要求達(dá)到換擋迅速、省力、方便、有較高的工作效率、工作噪聲低。
本次設(shè)計(jì)的是輕型客車變速器設(shè)計(jì)。它的布置方案采用中間軸式5+1擋和鎖環(huán)式同步器換擋，并對(duì)倒擋齒輪和撥叉進(jìn)行合理布置，其中一軸和第二軸的軸線在同一直線上。這種布置形式縮短了變速器軸向尺寸，在保證擋數(shù)不變的情況下，減少齒輪數(shù)目，從而使變速器結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊。
首先利用已知參數(shù)確定變速器各擋傳動(dòng)比、中心矩，然后確定齒輪的模數(shù)、壓力角、齒寬等參數(shù)。由中心矩確定箱體的長(zhǎng)度、高度和中間軸及二軸的軸徑，然后對(duì)中間軸和各擋齒輪進(jìn)行校核，驗(yàn)證各部件選取的可靠性。最后繪制裝配圖及零件圖。
設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)論表明，變速器齒輪及各軸尺寸確定，各軸強(qiáng)度的校核滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求，設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)合理。
關(guān)鍵詞：客車；變速器；同步器
Abstract
The transmission gearbox, as an important part in automobile driving system is used to make up the shortcoming of engine torque and rotary speed. It can change the vehicle speed and type torque in a big scope, cut off the power transfer from the engine, and also provides a reverse traveling direction for the vehicle. Therefore, the reasonability of the structure design of a transmission gearbox directly affects the vehicle's dynamic performance. It is usually required shifting gears rapidly and conveniently, saving force, and having a higher working efficiency and low working noises.
This thesis designed a manual transmission gearbox of the Light bus. A scheme of structure with middle shafts, six (5+1) shifts and synchronizer was adopted here, Combine to pour to block wheel gear and stir fork to carry on a reasonable decoration .where the first and second shafts were arranged in line. This kind of structure reduces the gearbox dimension in the axis direction, in assurance block to count under the constant circumstance, decrease wheel gear number. Therefore makes the designed transmission gearbox more compact.
Using the given basic parameters, it was firstly determined the transmission ratio of each shift, the shaft center distances, the gear modulus, the gear pressing angles and widths, and so on. And then the general dimension of the gearbox, including its length, width and height. The stresses of the intermediate shaft and the gears were validated by using both the calculator and a self-made MATLAB program. Finally, some engineering drawings were carried out.
The calculated results show: the determined dimensions and stresses of the designed gears and shafts satisfied the design requirements; the adopted structure is reasonable.
Key words:Light ; Transmission gearbox; Synchronizer
目 錄
第1章 緒 論 1
1.1 變速器的簡(jiǎn)介 1
1.2變速器的分類 1
1.3變速器的功用 2
1.4變速器的構(gòu)成 3
第2章 變速器設(shè)計(jì)方案及論證 4
2.1變速器的要求： 4
2.2變速器設(shè)計(jì)方案論證 4
第3章 各主要參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 7
3.1傳動(dòng)比的確定 7
3.2中心距的初步確定 7
3.3變速器的外形尺寸 8
3.4軸的直徑的初步確定 8
3.5齒輪參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 8
3.6各擋齒數(shù)的分配 10
3.6.1確定一擋齒輪的齒數(shù) 11
3.6.2二擋斜齒輪齒數(shù)的確定 12
3.6.3三擋齒輪齒數(shù)的確定 12
3.6.4五擋齒輪齒數(shù)的確定 13
3.6.5倒擋齒輪齒數(shù)的確定 13
3.7齒輪變位系數(shù)的確定 13
第4章 變速器各擋齒輪的校核 15
4.1齒輪彎曲應(yīng)力計(jì)算 15
4.1.1中間軸一擋直齒輪Z校核 15
4.1.2中間軸二擋斜齒輪Z校核 16
4.1.3中間軸三擋斜齒輪Z校核 16
4.1.4中間軸四擋斜齒輪Z校核 16
4.1.5中間軸五擋斜齒輪Z校核 16
4.2齒輪接觸應(yīng)力計(jì)算 17
4.2.1 中間軸一擋直齒輪Z校核 17
4.2.2中間軸二擋斜齒輪Z校核 18
4.2.3中間軸三擋斜齒輪Z校核 18
4.2.4中間軸四擋齒輪Z校核 19
4.2.5中間軸五擋齒輪Z校核 19
第5章 變速器中間軸的校核 21
5.1對(duì)中間軸四擋齒輪處進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核 22
5.2對(duì)中間軸五擋齒輪處進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核 23
5.3對(duì)中間軸三擋齒輪處進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核 24
5.4對(duì)中間軸二擋齒輪處進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核 24
5.5對(duì)中間軸一倒擋齒輪處進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核 25
第6章 同步器的設(shè)計(jì) 27
6.1 同步器的工作原理 27
6.2同步器的參數(shù)的確定 28
6.2.1摩擦因數(shù) 28
6.2.2同步環(huán)主要尺寸確定 28
第7章 變速器操縱機(jī)構(gòu) 30
7.1 對(duì)變速器操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的要求 30
7.2 直接操縱手動(dòng)換擋變速器 30
7.3 遠(yuǎn)距離操縱手動(dòng)換擋變速器 31
7.4 變速器自鎖、互鎖、倒擋鎖裝置 31
7.4.1自鎖裝置 31
7.4.2互鎖裝置 32
7.4.3倒擋鎖裝置 32
第8章 變速器軸承 33
第9章 變速器的潤(rùn)滑與密封 34
第10章 結(jié) 論 35
參考文獻(xiàn): 36
致 謝 37
附錄Ⅰ 38
0