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1、SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的發(fā)病機(jī)制流行病學(xué)病毒學(xué)特征入侵部位檢測(cè)手段 MERS-CoV的流行病學(xué)特征Figure. Summary of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus transmission pathways. Solid lines indicate known transmission pathways; dashed lines indicate possible transmission pathways for which supporting evidence is limited or

2、 unknown. MERS-CoV的流行病學(xué)特征 SARS-CoV、SARS-CoV-2比較 關(guān)于SARS-CoV-2流行病學(xué)最近研究進(jìn)展 Figure 3. Evolutionary relationships and geographical distribution of 58 haplotypes of SARS-CoV-2(A, B). Evolutionary paths (C) of haplotypes and possible transmission and spreading routes (D) were also inferred based on evolutio

3、nary analyses and epidemiologic research. Sampling size of haplotypes and regions were annotated in the circles 基因組學(xué)特征u Figure 1. Betacoronavirus genome organization. Coronavirus genome comprises of 5 untranslated region (5UTR) including 5 leader sequence, open reading frame (orf) 1a/b (yellow box)

4、encoding non-structural proteins (nsp) for replication, structural proteins including envelop (orange box), membrane (red) and nucleoprotein (cyan box), accessory proteins (purple boxes) such as orf 3, 6,7a, 7b 8 and 9b of 2019-nCoV (HKU-SZ-005b) genome, and 3 untranslated region (3UTR). u Examples

5、of each betacoronavirus lineage are human coronavirus (HCoV) HKU1 (lineage A), 2019-nCoV (HKU-SZ-005b) and SARS-CoV (lineage B), Human MERS-CoV and bat CoV HKU9 (lineage C) and Bat CoV HKU4 (lineage D). The length of nsps and orfs are not drawn in scale. SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV作用于宿主細(xì)胞的機(jī)制 Fig. 2. Compariso

6、n of the known structures SARS-CoV RBD and its ACE2 complex with the deduced molecular models of 2019-nCoV RBD. Some structure segments and key amino acid residues are indicated. 檢測(cè)方法實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)：病毒分離金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分子診斷技術(shù)基因測(cè)序技術(shù)：二代測(cè)序宏基因組學(xué)技術(shù)、第3代測(cè)序儀（納米孔測(cè)序儀MinION） 、低輸入元基因組測(cè)序（mNGS）方法 、Tn5轉(zhuǎn)座酶的轉(zhuǎn)錄組測(cè)序 PCR技術(shù)基因編輯技術(shù) 以CRISPR/Cas系統(tǒng)

7、為代表 其他分子診斷技術(shù) 環(huán)介導(dǎo)等溫?cái)U(kuò)增（LAMP）：核酸擴(kuò)增技術(shù)中應(yīng)用最為廣泛。設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單，檢測(cè)性能與實(shí)時(shí)熒光RT-PCR相近，檢測(cè)時(shí)間短，但技術(shù)難度和對(duì)設(shè)備要求較高 核酸POCT技術(shù)： 短時(shí)間內(nèi)完成核酸擴(kuò)增、信號(hào)收集與結(jié)果分析，可有效防止交叉污染 。核酸質(zhì)譜技術(shù)：新型軟電離生物質(zhì)譜分析技術(shù)。高靈敏度、高通量、操作簡(jiǎn)單，可同時(shí)檢測(cè)多種病原體，適用于呼吸系統(tǒng)感染性疾病病原體的鑒定。 檢測(cè)方法血清免疫學(xué)檢測(cè)技術(shù)膠體金技術(shù)：優(yōu)點(diǎn)：操作方便快速，實(shí)用性強(qiáng)?；鶎俞t(yī)療單位、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢測(cè)等使用廣泛。不足：敏感度和特異性會(huì)較核酸檢測(cè)弱，假陽(yáng)性率、假陰性率出現(xiàn)的概率會(huì)更高。 化學(xué)發(fā)光技術(shù)：特異性高、線(xiàn)性范圍寬、速度快。臨床應(yīng)用廣泛。 ELISA：進(jìn)展期和恢復(fù)期，血清病毒抗體檢測(cè)。檢測(cè)速度慢，步驟繁瑣，使用較少。 謝謝觀(guān)看！