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1、Unit 1 Great scientists Snow planned to become a physician，and at fourteen，he was apprenticed (使當(dāng)學(xué)徒) to Dr.William Hardcastle in NewcastleuponTyne.During his early years as an apprentice，he filled notebooks with his thoughts and observations on scientific subjects. During the London cholera epidemic

2、 (流行霍亂) of 18311832，he became a student at the School of Medicine in Great Windmill Street，London.After two years of schooling，he was accepted as a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.Snow was a believer in the germ theory of cholera.In 1849 Snow wrote a book “On the Mode of Communica

3、tion of Cholera，” in which he suggested that the “cholera poison” was spread (傳播) through the pollution of food or water.This theory should be against the more commonly accepted idea that cholera，like all diseases，multiplied in the air，and a cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its v

4、ictims. On April 7,1853，he used chloroform (三氯甲烷，醫(yī)用麻醉劑) to Queen Victoria at the birth of her eighth child，Prince Leopold.And it wasnt until 1854，when cholera struck England once again，that Snows argument that cholera was spread through polluted food or water was recognized.For his efforts to determine how cholera was spread，John Snow is widely considered to be the father of modern epidemiology. 謝謝觀看！