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1、2020版 譯林牛津高中新教材 Unit OneWord list 1 . Potential a potential leader 可能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的人 exploit/fulfil/realize ones potential 發(fā)掘發(fā)揮/認(rèn)識自己的潛力2 . Senior He is ten years senior to me. 他比我大十歲. senior and junior officers. 高級軍官和下級軍官 (often 常作 Senior, abbr 縮寫 Sen) (placed immediately after sbs name 置於姓名之後) being the pa

2、rent of sb with the same name （父或母與子女同名情況下的）父或母: John Brown Senior 老約翰.布朗. student in the year before graduation from a high school or college （中學(xué)或大學(xué)的）畢業(yè)班的學(xué)生: attrib 作定語 her senior year at college 她在大學(xué)畢業(yè)班那一年. 1、大學(xué)一年級學(xué)生：freshman 2、大學(xué)二年級學(xué)生：sophomore 3、大學(xué)三年級學(xué)生：junior4、大學(xué)四年級學(xué)生：senior 1 . pathA lane is a

3、 narrow country road. *lane是鄉(xiāng)間小徑. A path or footpath is a way marked out for people to walk along, between houses in a town or across fields, beside rivers, etc in the country. *path或footpath是市鎮(zhèn)中住宅之間或郊野中穿越田地 沿河等有標(biāo)志的人行道. A track is a rough path in the country, often not officially marked, but made by

4、 the constant passing of people, animals or vehicles. *track指郊野土路, 常無正式標(biāo)志, 僅為人 動物或車輛走得多而形成者. Lane and track can also refer to the separate parts of a road (lane) or railway (track) separating cars or trains passing in opposite directions or overtaking *lane和track還可指分開來自對面車輛或供超車用的部分路面, 公路用lane, 鐵路用tr

5、ack: a six-lane motorway 有六條行車線的高速公路 * a double-track railway line 雙軌鐵路線. Runners in an athletics stadium run in individual lanes. 在田徑運動場上賽跑的人有各自的lane. *The whole area they run on is called the track. 進(jìn)行賽跑的整個地段稱為track. challenge 1 l / tlnd; tlnd/ n (to sb) (to do sth) accept a challenge 發(fā)出接受挑戰(zhàn). (to

6、sth)difficult, demanding or stimulating task 艱巨的 高難度的或有激勵性的任務(wù):Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenges facing the government. 縮小貧富之間的差距是政府面臨的主要l Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t sb (to sth要求某人做某事（尤指參加競賽或證明某事正當(dāng)）: She challenged the newspaper to prove its story. 她要求這家報紙證實報道的真實性. Tn 懷疑（某事）的真

7、實性正確性或有效性; 提出異議:l challenge sbs right to do sth 懷疑某人是否有權(quán)力做某l This new discovery challenges traditional beliefs. 這項新的發(fā)現(xiàn)對傳統(tǒng)觀念提出了異議. Tn test the ability of (sb); stimulate 考驗（某人）的能力; 激勵; 鞭策: l The job doesnt really challenge him. 這項工作不能真正考驗 他. challenger n person who challenges, esp in sport 提出競爭要求的人（尤

8、指體育運動中）; 挑戰(zhàn)者.challenging adj offering problems that test sbs ability; stimulating （為考驗?zāi)橙说哪芰Γ┨岢鲭y題的; 激勵的; 挑戰(zhàn)的: a challenging job, test, assignment, etc 激勵人的工作 考驗 任務(wù)等. positive / pztv; pztv/ adj 明確的指示 命令 規(guī)定等 * We have no positive proof of her guilt. 我們沒有她犯罪的確切證據(jù). (about sth/that.) （指人）有把握的, 確信的: Are yo

9、u absolutely positive that it was after midnight? 你是否有絕對把握認(rèn)為那事是在午夜以後發(fā)生的? (a) 有助益的; 建設(shè)性的提出有益的建議 意見等 * Try to be more positive in dealing with the problem. 對解決該問題再積極一些. (b) 自信的; 樂觀的: a positive attitude, feeling, etc 樂觀的態(tài)度 情緒等 * positive thinking, ie a determined mental attitude that helps one achieve

10、 success 必勝的思想. (of the results of a test or an experiment) indicating that a substance is present （指試驗或?qū)嶒灥慕Y(jié)果）表明存在某物質(zhì)的, 陽性的: The tests proved positive. 試驗結(jié)果呈陽性(mathematics 數(shù)) (of a quantity) greater than zero （指數(shù)量）正的: a positive number 正數(shù) * the positive sign (+) 正號. containing or producing the type

11、of electrical charge produced by rubbing glass with silk 正電的; 正極的: a positive charge 正電荷 * the positive terminal of a battery, ie the one through which electric current leaves the battery 電池的正極端子. 反義詞 negative lie 2 / la; la/ v (pt lay / le; le/, pp lain / len; len/, pres p lying) 躺，在 lie 1 / la; la

12、/ v (pt, pp lied, pres p lying) 撒謊lay 1 / le; le/ v (pt, pp laid / led; led/) 放 rise 2 / raz; raz/ v (pt rose / ruz; roz/, pp risen / rzn;rzn/) rise to the occasion, challenge, task, etc prove oneself able to deal with an unexpected situation, problem, etc 有隨機應(yīng)變 克服困難 完成任務(wù)等的能力. raise vt.飼養(yǎng);舉起;建造(房子);

13、使增加;增強;提高;栽培;繁殖Rise I, Ipr, Ip, In/pr上升The river has risen (by) several metres. 河水上漲了好幾米I (fml 文) （躺 坐或跪後）起立, 起身; 起床: accustomed to rising early 習(xí)慣於早起He rose (in order) to welcome me. 他起身歡迎我 Rise n (a) 上升; 升起; 進(jìn)展; 振興: the rise and fall of the British Empire 大英帝國的興衰. (b) increase in amount, number or

14、 intensity （金額 數(shù)量或強度的）增加: a rise in the price of meat, the value of the dollar, the average temperature 肉類價格的上漲 美元的升值 平均溫度的增高. 斜坡; 小山; 崗; 丘: At the top of the rise they paused for a rest. 他們在小山的頂部停下來休息. * a (Brit) (US raise) increase (in wages) （工資的）增加: demand a rise (in wages) from next October 要求從

15、下個十月份起增加工資. (idm 習(xí)語) give rise to sth (fml 文) cause sth 引起 導(dǎo)致某事物: Her disappearance gave rise to the wildest rumours. 她失蹤一事引起了各種流言蜚語. acquire / kwa(r); kwar/ v Tn (a) gain (sth) by ones own ability, efforts or behaviour （靠自己的能力 努力或行為而）獲得, 得到（某事物）: acquire a good knowledge of English, an antique pain

16、ting, a taste for brandy, a reputation for dishonesty 學(xué)好英語 得到一幅古畫 學(xué)會喝白蘭地酒 得到不誠實的名聲. acquisition / kwzn; kwzn/ n U action of acquiring 獲得; 得到: the acquisition of antiques, knowledge, a fortune 獲得古董 知識 財富. Effort 努力 He must put more effort into his work. 他必須更加努力工作. effortless adj needing no or little

17、effort 不需努力的; 不費力的: She plays with seemingly effortless skill. 她演奏得似乎毫不費力. effortlessly adv. effortlessness n U. Effect n 影響effect / fekt; fkt/ n C, U (on sb/sth) 效應(yīng); 結(jié)果; 後果: The film had quite an effect on them. Affect v. 影響Their opinion will not affect my decision. 他們的意見不會影響我的決定. Advanceadvance 1

18、/ dvns; US -vns; dvns/ n recent advances in medical science 醫(yī)學(xué)上的新進(jìn)展. 預(yù)付; 預(yù)支; 借貸: The bank gave/made her an advance of 5 0 0 . 銀行貸給她5 0 0英鎊. (idm 習(xí)語) in advance (of sth) beforehand; ahead in time 預(yù)先; 事先; 事前:The rent must be paid in advance. 租金須預(yù)付. Its impossible to know in advance what will happen. 預(yù)

19、知未來發(fā)生的事是不可能的. advance adj attrib 作定語 預(yù)先做好的; 預(yù)先供給的: give sb advance warning/notice of sth 對某事物給某人預(yù)先警告通知 * make an advance booking, ie reserve a hotel room, a seat in a theatre, etc before the time when it is needed 預(yù)定（旅館房間 戲票等） advance 2 / dvns; US -vns; dvns/ v (a) I, Ipr, In/pr (on/towards sb/sth)

20、前進(jìn): Our troops have advanced two miles. 我們的部隊已經(jīng)前進(jìn)了兩英里. (b) I (fig 比喻) make progress 進(jìn)步: advance in ones career 在事業(yè)上進(jìn)步Tn 向前移動或推進(jìn)（某人某事物）: The general advanced his troops at night. 將軍夜晚將部隊向前推進(jìn). Tn 促進(jìn)（某事物）; 推動（某人 計劃等）: Such conduct is unlikely to advance your interests. 這種行為對你可不大有利. Tn (fml 文) 作出, 提出（要求

21、 建議等）: Scientists have advanced a new theory to explain this phenomenon. 科學(xué)家已提出一種新理論來解釋這一現(xiàn)象. Tn, Tn.pr 提前; 提早: The date of the meeting was advanced from 1 0 to 3 June. 會議日期已由6月1 0日提前到6月3日. Cf 參看 postpone 1 . advanced adj 1 在生命或進(jìn)程中遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)在前的: be advanced in years 年事已高 She died at an advanced age. 她活到高齡才去世

22、. 2 非初步的; 高深的; 高等的: advanced studies 高深的研究. 3 新的而尚未被普遍接受的; 先進(jìn)的; 先驅(qū)的; 超前的: have advanced ideas 有先進(jìn)的思想.# advanced credit (also advanced standing) (US) credit given by one college for courses taken at another 跨校學(xué)分（大專院校對學(xué)生在其它院校所學(xué)課程給予的學(xué)分）.Advanced level (also A level / e levl; e lvl/) (in Britain) higher

23、 level in the General Certificate of Education examinations （英國普通教育文憑考試中的）高級程度. Amazing amaze / mez; mez/ v Tn esp passive 尤用於被動語態(tài) fill (sb) with great surprise or wonder 使（某人）驚異或驚奇: He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. 他駕駛考試合格使大家很驚奇. * We were amazed at/by the change in his appearance. 他

24、的樣子變得使我們大為驚訝. * She was amazed/It amazed her that he was still alive. 他居然還活著使她感到驚異. amazement n U: He looked at me in amazement. 他驚愕地看著我. * I heard with amazement that. 我聽到.大為吃驚. amazing adj (usu approv 通常作褒義): an amazing speed, player, feat 令人驚異的速度 表演者 事跡 * I find it amazing that you cant swim. 你不會

25、游泳可使我大吃一驚. amazingly adv: Shes amazingly clever. 她出奇地聰明.amazed /mezd/extremely surprised:She was amazed at how calm she felt after the accident. Amazing Amazed Surprising Surprised Exciting Excited Boring Bored Moving Moved Interesting interested ConfidenceConfidentDistanceDistantDifferenceDifferent

26、 Significance Significant make a, no, some, etc difference (to sb/sth) (a) have an, no, some, etc effect (on sb/sth) （對某人某事物）有 沒有 有些.作用或影響: The rain didnt make much difference (to the game). 這場雨（對比賽）沒多大影響. (b) be important, unimportant, etc (to sb/sth); matter （對某人某事物）重要 不重要等; 要緊 不要緊等: It makes no d

27、ifference (to me) what you say: Im not going. 不管你怎麼說（對我來說）都無所謂, 反正我不去. It wont make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow. 你今天去也好, 明天去也好, 關(guān)系不大. Does that make any difference? ie Is it important, need we consider it? 那要緊嗎? * Yes, it makes all the difference, ie is very important. 是的, 非常重要.

28、 make the most of sth/get the most out of sthCharming and friendly, she will help you make the most of your visit.advice on how to get the most out of your computerresource / rss, also -zs; US risrs; risrs/ n C usu pl 通常作復(fù)數(shù) supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person, etc wealth 資源: r

29、ich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources 自然的 礦產(chǎn)的 農(nóng)業(yè)的.資源豐富 *U (fml 文) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative 才智; 機敏; 創(chuàng)造精神: a man of great resource 足智多謀的男子. resourceful / -fl; -fl/ adj clever at finding ways of doing things 善於隨機應(yīng)變的; 機敏的; 辦法多的. resourcefully / -fl; -fl/ adv. resourcefulness n U

30、. facility / fslt; fslt/ n U, sing 容易學(xué)好或做好事物的能力: have (a) great facility for (learning) languages 有（學(xué)習(xí)）語言的天才 * He plays the piano with surprising facility. 他彈奏鋼琴神乎其技. facilities pl circumstances, equipment, etc that make it possible, or easier, to do sth; aids 能夠或易於做某事的環(huán)境 設(shè)備等; 輔助物: sports facilities

31、, eg running tracks, swimming pools 運動設(shè)施（如跑道 游泳池） washing, postal, shopping, banking, etc facilities 洗滌 郵政 購物 銀行等設(shè)施 * facilities for study, eg libraries 有助學(xué)習(xí)的設(shè)施（如圖書館）.facilitate facilitate /fsltet/ v T formal to make it easier for a process or activity to happenComputers can be used to facilitate la

32、nguage learning.facilitation /fslten/ n U equal / ikwl; ikwl/ adj （大小 數(shù)量 價值 程度 狀況等）相同的, 相等的, 同樣的: They are of equal height. 他們一般高. pred 作表語 to sth/doing sth 對某事物有力量 勇氣 能力等; 能勝任: She feels equal to the task. 她認(rèn)為能勝任該項工作. equal n 和自己相當(dāng)?shù)娜嘶蚴挛? Hes my equal in strength. 他和我力氣一樣大. equal v (-ll-) (US -l-) T

33、n, Tn.pr sb/sth (in sth與某人某事物相同或相等: equalling the Olympic record 平奧運會紀(jì)錄 * He is equalled by no one in kindness. 沒有人比他更善良.equality / kwlt; kwlt/ n U 平等: Women are still struggling for true equality with men. 婦女仍在爭取與男人真正平等. equalize, -ise / ikwlaz; ikwlaz/ v I, Tn （使某事物）（在大小 數(shù)量等上）相等equally / ikwl; ikw

34、l/ adv 1 相等地; 同等地: They are equally clever. 他們一樣聰明. equator / kwet(r); kwet/ n赤道 Attitude to/towards sthApproach to sthKey to Entrance toAnswer to Goal aim purpose target Last but not least To begin with; to start with; whats more; moreover; furthermore; in addition; additionally; Responsible Respon

35、sibilityResponseRespond ahead / hed; hd/ adv (of sb/sth) （在空間或時間上）向前, 往前, 朝前; 在前: He ran ahead. 他跑在前面 ahead of prep further forward in space or time than (sb/sth); in front of （在空間或時間上比某人某事物）更前, 更早London is about five hours ahead of New York. 倫敦時間比紐約早五小時左右. Ahead of us lay ten days of military train

36、ing. 我們當(dāng)前有十天的強化訓(xùn)練. in the lead over (sb/sth); further advanced than 處於（某人某事物）的領(lǐng)先地位; 比.更先進(jìn); 領(lǐng)先: His ideas were (way) ahead of his time. 他的思想比他所處的時代先進(jìn)（得多）. junior / dun(r); dunj/ adj (to sb) lower in rank or standing (than sb) （較某人）地位或身分低的He is several years junior to Mrs Cooper. 他比庫珀太太小幾歲. Junior (ab

37、brs 縮寫 Jnr, Jr, Jun) (esp US) (used after a name to refer to a son who has the same name as his father or to the younger of two boys having the same name in a school, university, etc 父子同名時, 用於兒子姓名之後, 兩學(xué)生同姓時, 用於年幼者之名後, 以示區(qū)別): Martin Luther King, Jr (Brit) of or intended for children from the ages of

38、7 to 1 1 （7至1 1歲）兒童的: junior school 小學(xué) junior n 1 （一職業(yè)中）地位較低者; 從事次要工作的人: the office junior 辦公室的一般職員. 2 比某人小若干歲: He is three years her junior/her junior by three years. 他比她小三歲. independent / ndpendnt; ndpndnt/ adj (of sb/sth) not dependent 獨立的; 自主的; 自立的: old enough to be independent of ones parents 年

39、歲已大不必依賴父母 depend focus / fuks; foks/ n (pl es or foci / fusa;fosa/) （光 聲等的）中心點, 源. 焦點; 焦距. C usu sing 通常作單數(shù) centre of activity, interest, etc 活動的中心; 使人感興趣的所在: Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她長得漂亮, 很惹人注目. (idm 習(xí)語) be in focus; bring sth/come into focus (cause sth to) be or become clearl

40、y seen or sharply defined （使某事物）清晰 明確或在焦點上: Bring the object into focus if you want a sharp photograph. 要照出清晰的照片, 就要把焦點對準(zhǔn)物體. be/go out of focus not be or no longer be clearly seen, etc 模糊 不清楚或不在焦點上: The childrens faces were badly out of focus (ie were very blurred) in the photograph. 照片上孩子們的面部非常模糊.

41、focus v (-s- or -ss-) 1 (a) I become able to see clearly 能夠看清楚: His eyes focused slowly in the dark room. 他在那間黑屋子里眼睛慢慢地看清了東西. (b)Tn, Tn.pr sth (on sth) cause sth to be concentrated(at a point) 使某事物集中（於一點）: If you focus the suns rays through a magnifying glass on a dry leaf, it will start to burn. 用放

42、大鏡把陽光聚到乾葉子上, 葉子就能燃燒2 (a) I, Ipr (on sth) concentrate (on sth) 集中（於某事物）: Im so tired I cant focus (on anything) today. 今天我太累了, 精神集中不起來. (b) Tn, Tn.pr sth (on sth) concentrate (ones attention, etc) on (sth) 將（注意力等）集中於（某事物）: Please focus your minds on the following problem. 請集中考慮以下問題. detail 1 / ditel;

43、 US dtel; dtel/ n C small, particular fact or item 細(xì)目; 細(xì)節(jié); 詳情: Please give me all the details. 請告訴我全部詳情. * I checked every detail of her research. 我核對了她的學(xué)術(shù)研究的各個細(xì)節(jié). * The details of the costume were totally authentic. 這件古裝的每個小go into detail(s) speak or write about all aspects of sth 詳細(xì)敘述: He refused

44、to go into details about his plans. 他不肯詳述他計劃的細(xì)節(jié). in detail discussing all facts or items fully 詳細(xì)地: to explain/describe sth in detail 詳細(xì)解釋敘述某事物.detailed adj having many details or paying great attention to details; thorough 詳細(xì)的; 極注意細(xì)節(jié)的; 詳盡的; 完全的: a detailed description, account, analysis, etc 詳盡的敘述

45、報道 分析等. As a result of Owing to Due toThanks toBecause of tip 1 / tp; tp/ n pointed or thin end of sth 尖端; 尖兒: the tip of ones nose 鼻尖(idm 習(xí)語) (have sth) on the tip of ones tongue just about to be spoken or remembered 話到嘴邊或幾乎想起: His names on the tip of my tongue, but I just cant think of it. 他的名字就在嘴

46、邊上, 可我就是想不起來. the tip of the iceberg small but evident part of a much larger concealed situation, problem, etc 重要情況 重大問題等顯露出的小部分: Over 1 0 0 burglaries are reported every month, and thats just the tip of the iceberg, ie many more occur but are not reported. 每月報案的入室盜竊案超過百起, 而這只不過是已知的一小部分. tip v (-pp-

47、) Tn, Tn.pr sth (with sth) fit a tip to sth; put on the tip of sth 給某物裝上尖頭; 置於某物頂端: filter-tipped cigarettes 帶過濾嘴的香煙 * The legs of the table were tipped with rubber. 桌子腿裝上了橡皮頭. * The native warriors tipped their spears with poison. 土著斗士把毒藥涂在長矛尖上. tip n 1 small sum of money given to a waiter, taxi-dr

48、iver, etc as a personal reward for their services （給服務(wù)員 計程車司機等的）小費, 小帳: He left a tip under his plate. 他把小費放在盤子下面了. Base (a) lowest part of sth, esp the part on which it rests or is supported （某物的）底部 (c) (fig 比喻) starting-point; underlying principle 起點; 基本原則: She used her familys history as a base f

49、or her novel. 她把她一家人的經(jīng)歷作為她小說的藍(lán)本. Put some moisturizer on as a base before applying your make-up. 使用化妝品之前先用點潤膚脂打底. place at which armed forces, expeditions, etc have their stores （軍隊 探險隊等的）基地, 根據(jù)地: an air base 空軍基地 baseless adj without cause or foundation 無原因的; 無根據(jù)的: baseless fears, rumours, suspicio

50、ns 無根據(jù)的恐慌 謠言 懷疑. base 2 / bes; bes/ v Tn.pr sth on sth use sth as grounds, evidence, etc for sth else 以某事物為另一事物的根據(jù) 證據(jù)等: This novel is based on historical facts. 這部小說是以歷史事實為根據(jù)的. *Remind sb of sthRemind sb that Reminder proposal / prpuzl; prpozl/ n U action of suggesting or putting forward 提議; 建議:C (f

51、or sth/doing sth); (to do sth) thing that is suggested; plan or scheme 提案; 建議; 方案: a proposal for uniting the two companies 將兩公司聯(lián)合起來的建議 * Various proposals were put forward for increasing sales. 為提高銷售額而提出了各種的建議. * a proposal to offer a discount to regular customers 對經(jīng)常性的主顧予以折扣優(yōu)惠的方案. C suggestion or

52、request, esp from a man to a woman, that the two should marry 求婚（尤指男向女）: She had had many proposals (of marriage) but preferred to remain single. 許多人向她求過婚, 但她愿過獨身生活. professional n 1 person qualified or employed in one of the professions 具有某專業(yè)資格的人; 從事某專業(yè)的人; 專業(yè)人士: You need a professional to sort out

53、your finances. 你需要專業(yè)人士替你管理財務(wù). You will need to seek professional advice about your claim for compensation. 你在索賠的問題上需要內(nèi)行人士作指導(dǎo).a professional footballer, material 1 / mtrl; mtrl/ n C, U substance or things from which sth else is or can be made; thing with which sth is done 材料; 原料: building materials,

54、eg bricks, timber, sand 建筑材料 * writing materials, eg pens, paper, ink 用於書寫的材料（如鋼筆 紙 墨水） U facts, information, etc to be used in writing a book, as evidence, etc （寫書等用的）事實, 資料: Shes collecting material for a newspaper article. 她正在搜集素材在報紙上發(fā)表文章. material 2 / mtrl; mtrl/ adj attrib 作定語 composed of or co

55、nnected with physical substance rather than the mind or spirit 物質(zhì)的; 由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的: the material world 物質(zhì)世界. material 1 / mtrl; mtrl/ n C, U substance or things from which sth else is or can be made; thing with which sth is done 材料; 原料: building materials, eg bricks, timber, sand 建筑材料 * writing materials, e

56、g pens, paper, ink 用於書寫的材料（如鋼筆 紙 墨水） U facts, information, etc to be used in writing a book, as evidence, etc （寫書等用的）事實, 資料: Shes collecting material for a newspaper article. 她正在搜集素材在報紙上發(fā)表文章. material 2 / mtrl; mtrl/ adj attrib 作定語 composed of or connected with physical substance rather than the min

57、d or spirit 物質(zhì)的; 由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的: the material world 物質(zhì)世界. material 1 / mtrl; mtrl/ n C, U substance or things from which sth else is or can be made; thing with which sth is done 材料; 原料: building materials, eg bricks, timber, sand 建筑材料 * writing materials, eg pens, paper, ink 用於書寫的材料（如鋼筆 紙 墨水） U facts, infor

58、mation, etc to be used in writing a book, as evidence, etc （寫書等用的）事實, 資料: Shes collecting material for a newspaper article. 她正在搜集素材在報紙上發(fā)表文章. material 2 / mtrl; mtrl/ adj attrib 作定語 composed of or connected with physical substance rather than the mind or spirit 物質(zhì)的; 由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的: the material world 物質(zhì)世界. THANK YOU !