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1、Unit 3 Science and nature Reading To get a further understanding about cloningTo learn to understand scientific terms in scientific articlesTo learn the words and expressions in this unit Words:clone, tissue, real-life, intentionexact, anxiety, adopt, saleswomanlegal, physician, harvest, consequence

2、Expressions:on the one hand on the other handtoy with, push ahead with, for salepoint out, deal with Read the explanation and speak out the word it explains. a plant or animal that has the same genes as the original from which it was produceda group of connected cells in an animal or plant that are

3、similar to each other, have the same purpose and form the stated part of the animal or plant; soft paper which is used for cleaningclone n. to start to use a particular method or plann. 意圖，目的，企圖n. 憂慮intentionanxiety vt. 收養(yǎng)，采用adopt allowed by the lawa medical doctor, esp who has general skill and is

4、not a surgeonan animal which is related to sheep, which usually has hornsa result of a particular action or situationto pick and collect crops, or to collect plants, animals or fish to eatadj. 合法的n. 醫(yī)師legal physiciann. 山羊goatn. 結(jié)果，后果consequence v. 收獲harvest to change completely the appearance or cha

5、racter of sth or sb, esp so that they are improveda principle or ideaillegal activities; an illegal act; an unacceptable or very silly act or situationdescribes someone who has the same job or interests as you, or is in the same situation as you vt. 使改變形態(tài)transformconcept n.概念，觀念crime n. 罪，罪行fellow n

6、. 男子，家伙；同事，同類 Dolly Lead-in clone Brainstorming gene genetic cell embryoorgan sheep mammaltissuestem cellbiology She is against human cloning.Read the text and answer the followingquestions.1.What is cloning?Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells.2. What was the n

7、ame of the first cloned mammal? 3. Is Pauline Carter for or against human cloning? Dolly Listen to the text and find out the main idea of each paragraph. Para 1Para 2 Para 3 An announcement about the first cloned human embryo caused much debate.The first cloned mammal was Dolly. Ian Wilmut is shocke

8、d that some scientists are considering cloning human beings. Para 4Para 5Para 6 A woman wants to have a cloned baby.Cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, but some scientists still want to clone human beings.Chinese scientists continue to research ways in which cloning can benefit manki

9、nd. 1. People all over the world are happy about the idea of cloning human beings. 2. Dolly, the first cloned mammal, is exactly the same as other sheep. 3. According to the article, the scientist who created Dolly does not agree with cloning human beings. FFTRead the sentences below and decide whic

10、h ones are true (T) and which ones are false (F) 4. Cloning can be used to cure diseases because it can produce new tissues and organs. 5. Colin Jake is against cloning humans, just like Pauline Carter. 6. Cloning human beings is illegal in many countries, so no scientists want to clone human beings

11、. TFF For human cloningproduce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human liveshelp those who are unable to have childrenhelp those who want to clone their dead childrenFind the reasons why people are for or against cloning in the article and letters and write them down. Against hu

12、man cloninghuman life becomes like a cropmight produce a real-life Franksteins monsterwould lead to more diseases in the animal worldshows no respect for human lifeshould be having fewer babies in order to reduce the Earths population, not cloning more Reading comprehension:1.The announcement of suc

13、cessful human embryo cloning has caused much debate because_.A. people still have no clear idea about the results of human cloningB. valuable tissues and organs can be used to save humans C. mankind is going to produce terrible monstersD. people know that nature will punish mankind for human cloning

14、A 2.The success of the cloned sheep Dolly has proved that_.A. cloning will create more diseases in animal worldB. cloned animals will die at a much younger age than normalC. man has been able to produce an exact copy from an adult cellD. man can interfere with nature at his willC 3. According to the

15、 passage, what is the real intention of Ian Wilmuts cloning research? _ A. To create copies of humans in the end. B. To destroy human embryos in the end. C. To create new tissues or organs for sale. D. To cure deadly diseases eventually.D 4. How does a woman who cannot give a birth benefit from clon

16、ing?_A. She can have a baby by using another womans egg.B. She can have a baby genetically related to her.C. She can adopt someone elses child by cloning.D. She can have more children.B 5. What can we infer from the whole passage? _A. Cloning animals is illegal in Italy. B. Chinese scientists are tr

17、ying to benefit mankind by using cloning technology.C. Chinese scientists want to be the first to clone a human baby.D. Colin Jake agrees with the scientists who dont want to clone a human baby.B Reading strategyGo through the reading strategy, and find out how to work out the meaning of these scien

18、tific terms.Step 1 Begin by reading the first and last paragraphs for an idea of what the article is about. Step 2Step 3 Circle any words you do not know. Question things you do not understand or that do not appear to make sense.Read through the article a few times. you will often be amazed to disco

19、ver that what confused you at first makes sense upon further readings. Match the words with their correct meanings.1. completely change something so that it is better 2. become the parent of somebody elses child3. The result of something that has happenedtissue intention anxiety adopt consequence ha

20、rvest transformconsequencetransformadopt 5. cut and gather a crop6. The state of feeling nervous and worried7. What someone plans to do 4. The material that makes up different parts of the body tissue intentionanxiety harvest Part ECheck the answersE 1 physician 2 cell 3 toy with 4 pushing ahead wit

21、h 5 after all 6 exact 7 real life 8 legal Language points 1. On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissuessuch as bone or lung tissuethat could be used to save human lives. On the other hand, many people 本句是個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，point out (指出)是謂語(yǔ)，在其后

22、that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，兩個(gè)破折號(hào)中間的部分是插入語(yǔ)，that could be used to save human lives是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞human tissues。 on (the) one hand on the other hand: used when you are comparing two different facts or two opposite ways of thinking about a situation 一方面另一方面I dont want to go travelling. On one hand, I have no tim

23、e; on the other hand, I have no money.我不想去旅行，一方面我沒(méi)有時(shí)間，另一方面我沒(méi)有錢(qián)。 On the one hand, rapid development of the economy will improve the living conditions of the people. On the other hand it will speed up environmental destruction. 一方面經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展會(huì)改善人們的生活狀況, 另一方面它會(huì)加速環(huán)境的破壞。 有關(guān)hand的常用搭配：give sb. a handlend (sb.)

24、 a handat hand in handby handhand inhand outhand overhand down在手邊，近便；臨近用手的，親自的上交分發(fā) 移 交傳下去手頭上幫助某人 請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。 一方面我想把房子賣掉，但另一方面我又不愿意搬家。 One the one hand I want to sell the house, but on the other hand I cant bear the thought of moving. 2. If mankind toys with nature in this way, we may be on our way

25、to producing a real-life Frankenstins monster. toy with: 1) to think about sth for a short time and not seriously (不認(rèn)真地)考慮 Ive been toying with the idea of going to Japan to visit them.我一直想著要去日本探訪他們，只是從來(lái)沒(méi)有認(rèn)真地想過(guò)。 2) to play with an object, often when youre thinking sth. else 擺弄,戲弄She toyed with her c

26、offee cup.她擺弄著自己的咖啡杯。 表示時(shí)間“臨近”的短語(yǔ):be approaching, be comingbe on the way, be at handbe around the corner on ones/the way to (doing) sth. 正在做某事的過(guò)程中 他離成為一個(gè)導(dǎo)演不遠(yuǎn)了。 He is on his way to becoming a director. 期終考試就要臨近了，因此他學(xué)習(xí)更加刻苦了。The final examination is on the way, so he is working harder. 易混淆way介詞短語(yǔ)：by th

27、e way in the way in the family way in this/that way in many ways in a way 順便問(wèn)一 下妨礙，擋 道懷 孕以這/那種方 式在許多方 面在某種意義上 說(shuō) 請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。1. 我確實(shí)稍稍有過(guò)定居法國(guó)的念頭。 I did briefly toy with the idea of living in France.2. 他一直精神緊張滴擺弄著鋼筆。 He kept toying nervously with his pen. 3. The first mammal to be cloned successfully fr

28、om an adult cell was Dolly the sheep. 第一只成功地用成年動(dòng)物細(xì)胞克隆出的哺 乳動(dòng)物是多利羊。動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to be cloned在這里作定語(yǔ)，修飾the first mammal。 名詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，后面常接動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)。That was the first play to be performed that year. 那是那年上演的第一場(chǎng)戲。 John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it. (2012江西) A. offered B.

29、 offering C. to offer D. to be offered 多義名詞cellthe smallest basic unit of an animal or planta small room in a prison, monastery, or convent a device for producing electrical energya small part of sth or a small group of peopleCan you guess the meanings of cell?cell 1. The doctors tried their best to

30、 kill the cancer cells.2. He has a separate cell in the prison.3. This new device is energy-saving for it uses solar cell.4. A terrorist cell has been found in Afghanistan. n. 細(xì)胞n. 小囚室，單人房間n. 電池n. 秘密分部、小組 4. However, in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific advance.howev

31、er : 1) adv. despite whatever amount or degree:However hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off a whole pizza.If Emma likes something shell buy it however much it costs.不管我多么餓,我好像從來(lái)不能吃完一個(gè)比薩餅。如果愛(ài)瑪喜歡什么,不管它要花多少錢(qián),她都要把它買下來(lái)。whatever 2) adv. despite this: This is one possible solution to the prob

32、lem. However, there are otherpossibilities. There may, however, be other reasons that we dont know about.這是這個(gè)難題的一個(gè)可能的解決方案，然而，還有其它的可能。然而，可能還有其它的我們不知道的原因。 however作副詞“可是，然而”時(shí)，放在句首或 句中，但用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；but意為“可是”，是連詞，連接句子，其后不 需加逗號(hào)；though作副詞“可是”時(shí)，既可放在句末，用逗 號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也可以插在句中;yet意為“可是”時(shí)，是連詞;作副詞，意為： “還”，一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。ho ever

33、和though, but, yet的區(qū)別： He was poor. He was happy, though.I was going to write, but I lost your address.他貧窮，可是他很快樂(lè)。我本打算寫(xiě)信的，但我把你地址弄丟了。她是個(gè)古怪的姑娘，然而你總禁不住會(huì)喜歡她。Shes a funny girl, yet you cant help liking her.請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。 praise n./v. 稱贊；贊揚(yáng)，表?yè)P(yáng)be praised for 因收到表?yè)P(yáng)He won praises for his modesty.The headmaster

34、gave a speech in praise of my class.= The headmaster praised my class in the form of a speech.這位科學(xué)家的對(duì)胚胎和干細(xì)胞的研究受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。The scientist was highly praised forhis research on embryos and stem cells. Even though he has made a mistake, you should forgive him.即使他犯了錯(cuò)誤,你也應(yīng)該原諒他。相關(guān)詞或短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別： even adv. 甚至; ever ad

35、v. 曾經(jīng)，無(wú)論何時(shí);even so adv. 即使如此; as though/if conj. 好像5. Even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety even though conj. =even if 即使；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 Even the younger children enjoyed the concert. Have you ever been to London? Its raining. Even so, we must set off.She spoke to me as if she knew me.甚至連小

36、孩都喜歡這場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。你去過(guò)倫敦嗎?正下著雨呢,即使如此我們也必須出發(fā)。她和我說(shuō)話就好像認(rèn)識(shí)我一樣。請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。 6. I dont want to adopt someone elses adopt “ 收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)”。 如： He adopted the orphan. 他收養(yǎng)了那孤兒。 此外，adopt 還有 “采納，采用”的意 思。如： Can a school adopt the policy prohibiting the use of mobile phones on campus? 學(xué)校能采納禁止在學(xué)校使用手機(jī)的政策嗎? adopt a child領(lǐng)養(yǎng)孩子采用新技術(shù)ad

37、opt a new technique采納意見(jiàn)adopt an idea/opinionThere are many English words _ from foreign countries.adopted 7. Some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human being. pushing ahead with 努力推動(dòng)、推進(jìn)；義無(wú) 反顧地進(jìn)行 We must push ahead with our work.我們必須推動(dòng)工作。 They will push

38、 ahead with the talks, despite the protests.他們會(huì)不顧抗議，推動(dòng)對(duì)話的進(jìn)行。 8. China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats, and continue to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind.succeed v.成功succeed in doing sth. 成功的做成某事He has succeeded in his business.The firefighters succeeded in saving

39、 all the people trapped in the building.success n. 成功；成就；勝利successful adj. 成功的，如愿以償?shù)腍is speech was a success.=His speech was successful. benefit n. 利益，好處Do you think clone is of benefit to human beings?Was he doing that for my benefit? 他那樣做是為我好嗎？benefit: (1).vt. 對(duì)有利The measures benefit public affair

40、s.(2). vi. 得益，受益He is a person who has never benefited from experience.他是一個(gè)從不吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)的人。=is beneficial to 9. I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are fantastic!Science has made great advances in the last fifty years.進(jìn)步With the advance of winter, the days grow shorter.前進(jìn)in advance預(yù)

41、先，事先You must pay 100 yuan in advance.advanced English高級(jí)英語(yǔ)advanced technology先進(jìn)技術(shù) 10. On a personal note, cloning would totally transform my life. on a personal note 就我個(gè)人而言on a note 的意思是“以語(yǔ)氣，以論調(diào)”。例如：他用幽默的語(yǔ)氣結(jié)束了對(duì)員工們的演講。 He ended his speech to his employee on a humorous note.經(jīng)理以更加嚴(yán)肅的語(yǔ)氣提到了上個(gè)月的事故。On a mor

42、e serious note, the manager mentioned the accident last month. 請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。1. 我們需要給這種樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度增加一點(diǎn)謹(jǐn)慎。 We need to add a note of caution to such optimism.2. 她的故事給這場(chǎng)關(guān)于育兒的爭(zhēng)論添加了一些個(gè)人色彩。 Her story brought a personal note to the debate on child care. Discussion1. Is the writer for or against cloning? 2. Whats y

43、our opinion about cloning human beings? 3. Whats “the perfect copy”? Do you think there will be a perfect copy? Think about what we ve just learnt today.Study without reflection is a waste of time.After the classI t s time to stop the class for you to look back in silence. We had wanted to finish ou

44、r task by noon, but it didnt quite _. A. find out B. give out C. hand out D. work outQuiz I: Multiple choice. If youre driving to the airport, can you give me a _? A. hand B. seat C. drive D. lift1.2. - I think he is taking an active part in social work. - I agree with you _. A. in a way B. on the w

45、ay C. by the way D. in the wayIt is certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over3.4. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _ she was an only child. A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as Allow children th

46、e space to voice their opinions, _ they are different from your own. A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though5.6. Quiz II: Fill in the blanks according to the reading material.Student: Is it true that the first human embryo has been (1) _? Scientist: Its true. We have already made an announcement

47、to the public recently. cloned Student: What do you think of it?Scientist: I think it can produce (2) _ human tissues and organs that could be used to (3) _ human lives. However, some scientists think (4) _. They believe cloning human embryos may (5) _ with nature and be on the way to (6) _ a real-l

48、ife Frankensteins monster.valuable differentlytoy producing save Student: Well, would you please explain cloning in details to me?Scientist: Yes. Cloning is producing an exact (7) _of a plant or an animal using its cells. I think you have known something about the cloned sheep Dolly. In (8) _, the s

49、cientists were (9) _ for this wonderful scientific (10) _. generalpraisedcopyadvance Student: Can you give me more examples about the uses of cloning humans?Scientist: Well, a woman can not have a baby and is (11) _ to have a child of her own. She doesnt want to (12) _ one. What can she do? Cloning

50、gives her the possibility. anxiousadopt Student: Is cloning human embryos illegal in all countries?Scientist: No. Some scientists are already pushing ahead with research so as to (13) _ a cloned human baby. Student: OK. Thank you. I will search on the Internet for more information. produce Quiz III:

51、 Fill in the blanks according to the Chinese.1. 請(qǐng)指出這句話中的錯(cuò)誤。_ _ the mistake in this sentence, please. 2. 一般來(lái)說(shuō), 人們都不喜歡被捉弄。_ _, people dont like to be made fun of. 3. 你應(yīng)該對(duì)他有所尊重。You should _ _ _ for him. Point outIn general show some respect 4. 經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)考慮后，他們決定堅(jiān)決推動(dòng)這 筆交易的實(shí)現(xiàn)。 After careful consideration they

52、decided to _ _ _ the deal.5. 請(qǐng)問(wèn)，這些是準(zhǔn)備出售嗎？ Excuse me, are these _ _?6. 我就快把報(bào)告寫(xiě)好了。 Im well _ _ _ _ completing the report. push ahead with for saleon my way to 7. 他該付賬，畢竟是他提議的。 He should have paid. _ _, he suggested it. 8. 你不該拿重大問(wèn)題當(dāng)兒戲。 You shouldnt _ _ great issues.9. 今天我們有許多重要的事情需要處理。 We have a lot of important matters to _ _ today. After alltoy with deal with Homework1. Read the text again and try to find out the sentences that are difficult for you. 2. If you had the right, what would you like to clone? Why? Please write a short passage (100 words or so).