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1、protecttheenvironment The pictures tell us about environmental p_.Thepicturestellusthatweshouldprotecttheenvironment.Itsagoodidea.Thatweshouldprotecttheenvironment.“It”refers to?Replace“it“!That we should protect the environment is a good idea.賓語賓語賓語賓語 充當(dāng)主語充當(dāng)主語 subject主語從句主語從句Develop itItsagoodideat

2、hatweshouldprotecttheenvironment.形式主語形式主語rotectionThegoodideais_weshouldprotecttheenvironment.Theidea_weshouldprotecttheenvironmentisgood.thatthat表語從句表語從句 同位語從句同位語從句名詞性從句名詞性從句 Noun clause從句從句名詞性從句在句中要用名詞性從句在句中要用_語氣語氣,從句從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于_*考點考點1 1語序問題語序問題1.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.(92)A.wha

3、twillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike陳述陳述請你請你歸納歸納：2.You cant imagine _ when they receivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.(96上海上海)A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited句首句首Lets practice1.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereA

4、licehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAlicehasput2.Weaskedthepoliceman_,butheremainedsilent.A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematterwasC.thatwasthematterD.whichthematterwas注意注意Whats the matter Whats wrong What happened.what 本身本身作主語作主語 和引導(dǎo)詞和引導(dǎo)詞*考點考點2 2 a)a)a)a)主語從句主語從句主語從句主語從句 中主謂一致中主謂一致中主

5、謂一致中主謂一致何時何地開會還沒有決定何時何地開會還沒有決定.Where and when the meeting will be held_notbeendecidedyet.那個人是何時被謀殺的和他為什么被謀殺還未知曉。那個人是何時被謀殺的和他為什么被謀殺還未知曉。When the person was murderedandwhyhewasmurdered_(is/are)stillunknown.單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般一般用用_形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用從句作主語，謂語動詞則用_

6、形式。形式。請你歸請你歸納：納：單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)hasareWhatweneednow_(is/are)morebooks.Whatweneednow_(is/are)morepractice.areisWhat 作主語，動詞單復(fù)數(shù)看作主語，動詞單復(fù)數(shù)看后面的名詞后面的名詞Eg What he bought yesterday _coffee.What he bought yesterday _three bags.waswereis*考點考點2 2 b)b)b)b)時態(tài)時態(tài)時態(tài)時態(tài)一致性一致性一致性一致性2.Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight_（trav

7、el）fasterthansound.travels請你歸請你歸納：納：3)主句的動詞用主句的動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時，1.Mother told me that she _(show)mearoundhercompanythenextSaturday.would show3.Tomsaysthat Mary _(go)abroadlastyearand_(be)therefornearly5months.1 1）主句的動詞用）主句的動詞用過去過去時，時，2 2）從句表示從句表示客觀事實，客觀事實，格言，諺語格言，諺語等等，從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用各種各種時態(tài)時態(tài)從句謂語

8、動詞用從句謂語動詞用過去過去的某種時態(tài)的某種時態(tài)從句謂語動詞從句謂語動詞用用一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時wenthasbeenThe manager came over and asked the customer how_A.did the quarrel come out B.the quarrel had come outC.has the quarrel come out D.the quarrel has come outWe suggested that the meeting _A.should put off B.be put off C.was put off D.putting o

9、ff請你請你歸類：歸類：表示表示建議、要求、命令建議、要求、命令等等動詞動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order后的從句謂語動詞用后的從句謂語動詞用 _*注意注意suggest 當(dāng)表示當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“講時，講時，insist 表示表示“堅持認(rèn)為堅持認(rèn)為”之意時，之意時，主從句時態(tài)主從句時態(tài)相應(yīng)相應(yīng)一致一致(should)+do/be doneThe smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our wo

10、rk.wasLets practice1.He insisted that the patient _ to hospital at once.A.be sent B.was sent C.should sent D.shall be2.He insisted that the weather _ clear up.A.would be B.be C.was D.will be賓語從句中的虛擬語氣賓語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型：基本句型：Itis+形容詞、過去分詞形容詞、過去分詞+that.+(should)do a.It is suggested,ordered,proposed,requir

11、ed,demanded,requested,insisted；b.It is important,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,1.Is it ordered that he _ the examination?A.takes B.has to take C.must take D.take2.It is strange that he _ you this.A.would tell B.should tell C.had told D.has told*考點考點3 3 b)b)主語從句中的虛擬語氣主語從句中的虛擬語氣主語從句中的虛

12、擬語氣主語從句中的虛擬語氣請你請你歸納：歸納：在在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即擬語氣，即_1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try2.The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to.3.A.s

13、topped B.didnt stop C.stop D.not stop*考點考點3 3 b)b)表語和同位語從句中的虛擬表語和同位語從句中的虛擬表語和同位語從句中的虛擬表語和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣語氣語氣語氣請你請你歸納：歸納：(should)+do/be done*考點考點4a).it作形式主語、形式賓語作形式主語、形式賓語1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconside

14、rsitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.itItthatwhether找出下列句子中的錯誤找出下列句子中的錯誤請你歸請你歸納：納：當(dāng)當(dāng)主主語語從從句句較較長長，而而謂謂語語較較短短時時，常常常常將將從從句句_，而而用用it作作為為形形式式主主語語置置于于句句首首。形式賓語也只能用形式賓語也只能用it。后置后置1.Thechairmanthought_necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting

15、.AthatBitCthis Dhim2.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.（04全國全國I）AthisBthatCitDone3._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)A.AsB.ThisC.ThatD.It比較：比較：_isafact,Englishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.AsB.ThisC.ThatD.ItLets practice“6123結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)”“6123結(jié)構(gòu)

16、結(jié)構(gòu)”是指用是指用不定式不定式、動名詞短語動名詞短語和和that引導(dǎo)的從句引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語，帶作賓語，帶名詞名詞或或形容詞形容詞作賓補時，使用作賓補時，使用it作形式賓語的作形式賓語的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。6：用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的個常用動詞：用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的個常用動詞think,find,make,feel,believe,consider1：指形式賓語指形式賓語it；2：指作賓補的名詞、形容詞；指作賓補的名詞、形容詞；3：指作賓語的不定式短語、動名詞短語和：指作賓語的不定式短語、動名詞短語和that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。thoughtwhat 表什么（無選擇范圍）表什么（無選擇范圍）w

17、hich表選擇表選擇,哪一個（哪一個（有選擇范圍有選擇范圍）a)what/which1.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?（01北京春季）北京春季）whatwhich請你歸請你歸納：納：*考點考點5 連接詞連接詞No.18 or No.19some book or otherwhichTherearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalet

18、hatIcantmakeupmymind_tobuy.(94)A.whatB.whichC.howD.wheremany kinds of tape-recorders*考點考點5 連接詞連接詞請你歸請你歸納：納：_等同類詞等同類詞既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，而而 _等等只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。whateverNomatterwhatWhatever等等no matter what等等_yougoand_youdo,Illberightherewaitingforyou.whereverwhateverNo m

19、atter whereno matter what把你需要的任何東西帶走，別管我。把你需要的任何東西帶走，別管我。Take_andleavemealone.違反法律的任何人應(yīng)受到懲罰。違反法律的任何人應(yīng)受到懲罰。_shouldbepunished.whatever you needWhoever breaks the lawb)whatever/whoever/however/whomever/whichever/無論無論,不管不管1.CouldIspeakto_isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?(2007山東卷山東卷)AanyoneBsomeoneC

20、whoeverDnomatterwho2._ team wins on Saturday will go through to thenationalchampionships.(2006山東山東)A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichCWhateverD.Whichever3._,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateheisB.HoweverheislateC.NomatterhowlateheisD.Nomatterhowheislate4.Sarah hopes to become a frien

21、d of _ shares herinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwhoEbothC&DLets practice救從不救主救從不救主c).that/whether/whatThat I failed in the exam disappointed my parents.I dont think that she is right.The news that our team won the match inspired us.The reason is that he is careless.成分成分有無詞義有無詞義備注備注th

22、at無無無無主語主語,表語表語,同位語從句同位語從句不能不能省省是否是否無無主語，主語，賓語，賓語，表語表語有有1）that與與whether的區(qū)別的區(qū)別*考點考點5 5連接詞連接詞()1.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.(05廣東卷廣東卷)2.We doubt _ he will defeat the others.3.The problem is _ we have enough time.4.It doesnt matter _ you come or not5

23、.It all depends on_the sky is going to clear up.A.if B.that C./D.whetherwhether/ifwhetherwhatthatwhetherwhetherwhether2）whether和和if的區(qū)別的區(qū)別That表確定表確定whether表不確定表不確定1)主語從句主語從句/表語從句表語從句/同位語從句同位語從句/介詞后用介詞后用whether 2)Whether or not 連用連用1._1._(What/That/whether)makes this shop different is that it offers m

24、ore personal services.(06遼寧遼寧)2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What;what B.what;that C.That;that D.That;what3._made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.AWhatwhetherBWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecausewhatWhat與與 that 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別缺少成分缺少成分即主語，賓語，表語時

25、用即主語，賓語，表語時用what3.A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.（04天津）天津）A.what B.which C.that D.where1.We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad.(2006江蘇江蘇)A.ifB.whereC.whether D.that2.Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it

26、for.2007 江蘇卷江蘇卷 A.whatB.whyC.how D.whether the place高考鏈接高考鏈接3.The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is“programmed”to make us do so.(2007上海卷上海卷)A.whenB.whyC.whether D.that What youre talking about is true.The things that youre talking about is true.That is what youre talking about.That

27、 is the things that youre talking about.*考點考點6 a)a)賓賓/主主/表從句與定語從句表從句與定語從句的區(qū)別的區(qū)別請你請你歸類：歸類：定語從句的作用是作定語從句的作用是作_修飾主句的某個成分，與其對修飾主句的某個成分，與其對應(yīng)的主句應(yīng)的主句_，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞為：關(guān)系代詞；關(guān)，定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞為：關(guān)系代詞；關(guān)系副詞系副詞在句子中起在句子中起_作用的句子叫名詞從句，與其對應(yīng)的主句作用的句子叫名詞從句，與其對應(yīng)的主句_，其引導(dǎo)詞為：連接詞，連接代詞，連接副詞，其引導(dǎo)詞為：連接詞，連接代詞，連接副詞名詞名詞定語定語不完整不完整完整完整where、when、

28、whywhich、that、who、whom、whose、asWhere,when,why,how,how muchWhich,what,whatever,whoThat,whether/ifI understand what youre talking about.I understand the things that youre talking about.高考鏈接高考鏈接1.Youcanonlybesureof_youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething_youmightgetinthefuture.(2007安徽卷安徽卷)A.that;wh

29、atB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that2.Thereason_shegavefornotbeingpresentwas_theheavysnowpreventedhercoming.A./;becauseB.why;becauseC./;thatD.why;whether請你請你總結(jié)總結(jié)：做題順序：做題順序：“三看三看”一看一看_是否完整；二看是否完整；二看_是否完整；三是否完整；三看看_確定答案。確定答案。主句主句從句從句句意句意3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_itwas20yearsago,_

30、itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that*考點考點6 b)b)同位語同位語從句與定語從句的從句與定語從句的區(qū)別區(qū)別同位語從句前的名詞是一個含有內(nèi)涵的名詞。從句就是同位語從句前的名詞是一個含有內(nèi)涵的名詞。從句就是其內(nèi)容。其內(nèi)容。that在從句中在從句中_成分。而定語從句中一成分。而定語從句中一定缺某一個成分，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該代替先行詞在從句中定缺某一個成分，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該代替先行詞在從句中_句子成分。句子成分。1.Danby left word with my secretary _ he would cal

31、l again in the afternoon.(2005浙江15)Awho Bthat Cas Dwhich 2.The plan _ was come up with in the meeting was turned down finally.A.which B.that C.what D./3.The plan _ the building will be built by the lake is turned down finally.A.which B.that C.what D./請你請你總結(jié)總結(jié)：不充當(dāng)不充當(dāng)充當(dāng)充當(dāng)做題順序：做題順序：“二看二看”一看一看_是否完整；二看是否

32、完整；二看_確定答案。確定答案。從句從句句意句意名詞性從句名詞性從句考點考點：*1.語序問題語序問題*5.連接詞連接詞that,what,which,whether,if,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whoseverwhen,where,why,how*4.it作形式主語作形式主語,形式賓語的用法形式賓語的用法*2.主謂主謂一致性和一致性和時態(tài)一致性時態(tài)一致性*6.6.名詞性從句與定語從句的對應(yīng)關(guān)系和名詞性從句與定語從句的對應(yīng)關(guān)系和區(qū)別區(qū)別*3.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 人們破壞環(huán)境的原因是他們想賺錢

33、。但是，毫無人們破壞環(huán)境的原因是他們想賺錢。但是，毫無疑問的是，除非馬上處理，否則情況會變得越來越糟疑問的是，除非馬上處理，否則情況會變得越來越糟糕。作為一個學(xué)生，我會做我能做的事情來保護環(huán)境。糕。作為一個學(xué)生，我會做我能做的事情來保護環(huán)境。讓人們意識到保護環(huán)境的重要性是相當(dāng)有意義的。我讓人們意識到保護環(huán)境的重要性是相當(dāng)有意義的。我希望所有的人們都能加入到環(huán)保中去，使我們的子孫希望所有的人們都能加入到環(huán)保中去，使我們的子孫生長在更好的環(huán)境中。生長在更好的環(huán)境中。Have a try!The reason why they pollute the environment is that they

34、 want to make money.However,theres no doubt that,unless dealt with immediately,the situation will become worse and worse.As a student,I will do whatever I can to protect the environment.It is very important that make people be aware of the importance of protecting the environment.Its my hope that everyone takes part in the environmental protection,making it possible that our later generation can live happily in better environment.thatthatwhateverthatthatthat