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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,Module 2,Unit 3,Family life,Module 2,定義,系動(dòng)詞，亦稱連系動(dòng)詞（,Link Verb,）。作為系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，后邊必須跟表語(yǔ)，亦稱補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（形容詞），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。,分類,:,狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞；持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞；表像系動(dòng)詞,感官系動(dòng)詞；變化系動(dòng)詞；終止系動(dòng)詞,Linking verb,定義系動(dòng)詞，亦稱連系動(dòng)詞（Link Verb）。作為系動(dòng)詞，,狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞,be,用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，只有,be,一詞,He is a teac

2、her.,He is ill.(,表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài),),連系動(dòng)詞,be,后根據(jù)情況可自由地接不定式作表語(yǔ)：,My dream,is to be,a scientist.,All you have to do,is to listen,.,狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞 be用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，只有be一詞,表像系動(dòng)詞,用來(lái)表示“看起來(lái)像”這一概念，主要有,seem,appear,look,例如：,He looks tired.,He seems(to be)very sad.,She appears 18.But in fact,she is already 28.,表像系動(dòng)詞用來(lái)表示“看起來(lái)像”這一概念，主要

3、有seem,a,持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞,用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有,keep,，,remain,，,stay,，,lie,，,stand,，,continue,。,例如：,He always,kept silent,at meeting.,This matter,remains,a mystery.,It,continued/remained,rainy for days.,He,stood,quite still,except his lips moved slightly.,The snow,lay thick,on the ground.,持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或

4、態(tài)度，主要有ke,注意：,(1),表示“仍然處于原來(lái)的狀態(tài)”時(shí)，,remain,和,stay,可以互換，例如：,Three of them,remained/stayed,single.,Shops should,remain/stay,open till later in the evening.,The door,stayed/remained,closed.,But the police themselves prefer to,stay/remain,unarmed.,注意：(1)表示“仍然處于原來(lái)的狀態(tài)”時(shí)，remain和st,(2),表示“需要設(shè)法才能保持某種狀態(tài)”時(shí)，可用,kee

5、p,和,stay,。后常接的形容詞有,calm,，,clean,，,awake,，,young,，,warm,，,fine,等。例如：,She knew she must,keep/stay,calm.,Although they have many difficulties,they,keep,happy.,Paul managed to,keep/stay,awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee.,(2)表示“需要設(shè)法才能保持某種狀態(tài)”時(shí)，可用keep和st,感官系動(dòng)詞,感官系動(dòng)詞主要有,feel,，,smell,，,sound,tast

6、e,，,look,。例如：,This kind of cloth,feels very soft,.,This flower,smells,very sweet,.,The music,sounds nice,.,The fish,tastes good,.,感官系動(dòng)詞感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel，smell，sound,變化系動(dòng)詞,這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有,become,，,grow,，,turn,，,fall,，,get,，,go,，,come,，,run,。,go,和,come,是一對(duì)相反的詞。,go+adj.,表示令人不愉快的事；,come+adj.,表示好的事情，還

7、可以接前綴,un-,的過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示變化的情況。,go blind/mad/hungry/bad,come true/right/clear/dear/unstuck/untied,His dream to be a pilot has,come true,.,My shoelaces have,come undone,.,She,went blind,at the age of 8.,變化系動(dòng)詞 這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有b,run,后接,short,，,dry,，,low,，,deep,等形容詞，主語(yǔ)為流動(dòng)性的或能消耗掉的東西。,Their money was r

8、unning short.,The well has run dry.,但表語(yǔ)為,wild,時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是人；,run wild(,放蕩不羈）,Dont let the children run wild.,grow,常指逐漸的變化，表示身高、歲數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)。,My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.,She grew thinner and thinner.,Soon the sky grew light.,run后接 short，dry，low，deep等形容詞，主,turn,表示,“變得”,指變?yōu)榕c原先不同的情況,通常,指

9、顏色和天氣等變化。,The weather suddenly,turned much colder,.,Her face,turned blue,with fear.,She,turned teacher,after graduation.,get,“,變成,變得,起來(lái)”,后可接形容詞,分詞,介詞短語(yǔ),;,接不定式時(shí)表示“由不,變得”。,The days are getting longer and longer.,He got excited about it.,My watch gets out of order.,turn表示“變得”,指變?yōu)榕c原先不同的情況,通常指顏色和天,fall,接

10、,asleep,silent,quiet,等靜態(tài)形容詞和表示疾病的形容詞，但不能接形容詞的比較級(jí)。,While I was doing my homework,my little sister,fell asleep,.,She,fell ill,from cold.,The naughty boy,fell silent,suddenly.,fall apart(,散開,)fall flat(,沒(méi)效果,),fall接asleep,silent,quiet等靜態(tài),become,“,變成；變?yōu)椤?(,好壞均可,),語(yǔ)氣正式,且不能用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。表人的身體狀況,情緒,天氣和社會(huì)變化時(shí)可與

11、,get,互換使用。,He,became,a lawyer.,I,became/got interested,in math.,He,became/got angry,with me.,I hope you will,become/get,well.,become“變成；變?yōu)椤?好壞均可),語(yǔ)氣正式,且不能,注意：,1.become,，,turn,，,go,，,get,，,fall,后面能接名詞作表語(yǔ)，其他則不能。,turn,和,go,后面的名詞不帶冠詞。,His dream has,become/got a reality,.,He has,turned scientist,.,She ha

12、s,gone artist,.,He,fell an victim,to cancer.,2.,表變化的系動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，表示逐漸的變化。,The days,are getting/becoming,longer and longer.,She,is growing,to be more and more like her mother.,注意：1.become，turn，go，get，fall后,終止系動(dòng)詞,表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作，主要有,prove,turn out,表達(dá)“證實(shí)”，“變成”之意，例如：,The rumor,proved(to be)false,.,The search,proved(to be)difficult,.,His plan,turned out(to be)a success.,終止系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove,turn,Thank you!,Thank you!,