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1、 Period 3 Learning about language－The –ing form as the Subject & Object Goals: 1. Learn the usage of the V-ing form as the subject & object. 2. The students can use the V-ing form as the subject & object with the given situation. Teaching procedures: Step 1 Check the homework on p11-12(Ex. 1

2、-3). Step 2 Lead in Task 1 (Show 4 pictures.) Do you know what these notices mean? Write English words for each of them. (No parking No smoking No cycling No fishing) Task 2 Read the following quotations and idioms. Try to translate them into Chinese. 1. Constant dripping wears away a stone.

3、 2. Doing easily what others find difficult is talent; doing what is impossible for talent is genius. 3. One’s words reflect one’s thinking. 4. Success belongs to the persevering(堅持不懈的). 5. A good beginning makes a good ending. What do they have in common? Step 3 Grammar The –ing form as th

4、e Subject ＆ Object 1．作主語 動名詞作主語時，句子有兩種形式： ①動名詞直接置于句首主語的位置上。 1) 捉弄別人是我們?nèi)f萬不能做的. Playing tricks on others is something we should never do． 2)學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對我來說非常重要。 Learning new words is very important for me． 3)說比做容易。 Talking is easier than doing. 4)眼見為實。 Seeing is believing. ②用形式主語it，把真正的主語——動名

5、詞結(jié)構(gòu)移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。如： 和夏洛克爭辯是沒有什么用的。 It is useless trying to argue with Shylock． 這事值得去做。 It’s worth making the effort． 想再解釋一次有好處嗎? Is it any good trying to explain? 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 It is pleasant working with you． ⊙ 動名詞與不定式做主語時的比較：

6、 動名詞表示的動作通常是一個泛指的動作， 不定式則通常表示具體的動作。如： 還是個孩子的時侯，她就覺得探視病人是一種責(zé)任，也是一種愉悅。 As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure． 到美國人家里做客對我來說將是一個極好的經(jīng)歷。 Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me. 一事不做就是作惡。 Doing nothing is doing ill． 他說：“繼續(xù)這樣下去是無用的?！? H

7、e said，“To go on like this is useless．” 我很榮幸被邀請參加這個晚會。 It’s an honor for me to be invited to the party． ⊙ 歸納：常用-ing形式作主語的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做…是浪費時間的 It is/was no good/use doing 做…是沒用處的 It is/was worth doing 做…是值得的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做…不值得 There is no sens

8、e in doing 做…沒有道理 There is/was no use doing 做…無意義 There is/was no point doing 做…無意義 There is/was nothing worse than doing 沒有比…更糟的 做這件傻事毫無意義。 There is no point doing such a silly thing. 注意：There is no need to do sth 做…沒必要，在此句式中to do 不可換為doing. 沒有必要告訴她。 There is no need to tell her.

9、 ⊙ 提示：當(dāng)動名詞用作主語時，其邏輯主語由形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格構(gòu)成。 我姐姐病了，使我很擔(dān)心。 My sisters being ill made me worried. 你正確未必就意味著我錯了。 Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. 2、用作動詞的賓語 動名詞作賓語有兩種情況。一是有些動詞只能后接動名詞作賓語；二是有些動詞既可后接動名詞也可后接不定式作賓語。 ①只能后接動名詞作賓語的動詞，常見的有admit, advise=suggest, allow, appreciate(感激)

10、, avoid(避免)， cannot help, cannot stand, cannot bear, complete =finish, consider，delay=put off(延期), deny(否認(rèn)), enjoy, escape(逃避), fancy, feel like(想要), give up, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, risk等。如： 我不能不去。 I can’t avoid going． 你是否考慮過找一位筆友? Do you considered looking for one pen-fr

11、iend? 我們必須設(shè)法避免犯同樣的錯誤。 We must try to avoid making the same mistake． 晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎? Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper? 人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€愚蠢的人。 People couldn’t help laughing that foolish man． ②既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞，常見的有：begin=start, cease(停止), continue, dislike, hate(恨), intend(打算),

12、 like, love, prefer, 等。 A．在like，love，hate，prefer等動詞之后，用-ing或不定式意義無甚區(qū)別，只是側(cè)重點有些不同，動名詞表示泛指的動作，不定式表示具體的一次性動作。 B．在begin/start，continue之后，用動名詞和不定式，意義無甚區(qū)別，尤其是當(dāng)主語是人的時候。 ③下列動詞接動名詞或不定式做賓語, 表示不同的意義。 A. remember I remembered posting the letter． I’ll remember to post the letter． B. forget I shall nev

13、er forget seeing the famous writer． Don’t forget to write to your mother． C. regret 后悔; 遺憾 I regret missing the report． I regret to say I can’t take your advice． D. try Let’s try doing the work in some other way． We must try to get everything done in time． E. mean 意味著; 打算 Your plan would m

14、ean spending hours． I didn’t mean to make you angry． F. stop We stopped talking． We stopped to talk． G. go on doing 和go on to do Go on doing繼續(xù)做一直在做的事；go on to do接著做另一件事。如： Please go on doing the same exercise． Please go on to do the other exercise． 3．用作介詞賓語 動名詞可與介詞一起構(gòu)成介賓短語。 A．介詞+動名詞，如：

15、我們得想些法子改變?nèi)藗兊牧?xí)慣。 We’ve got to think of ways of changing people’s habits. 我向你道歉，剛才對你那樣生氣。 I apologize for being so angry with you. 離開幾年之后再回到你生長的地方，感覺有點怪。 After being away for several years, it is a strange experience to return to the place you were born and brought up． 同學(xué)們臉上沒有笑容，相反都做了怪臉。 Inste

16、ad of smiling，the classmates made a face． B．動詞+介詞+動名詞，如： 我堅持為這次出行帶足食物。 I insist on taking enough food for this expedition． 她對為我們公司工作很感興趣。 She was very interested in working for our company． 下列短語中的to都是介詞，所以后面跟名詞或-ing形式：devote to，object to，pay attention to，get down to，lead to, look forward to，

17、stick to，be used to等 Step 4 Practice Task 1 All the following phrases can be used with the –ing form. Use them to describe a person you admire. be good at care (little) about dream of devote … to … be afraid of see the need for be concerned about be interested in Task 2 Conclusion

18、（小結(jié)）: 1. 動詞的-ing形式可以在句中做主語或賓語， 此時也可稱為動名詞。例如： Collecting stamps is a good hobby. He enjoys fishing. 2. 動名詞做主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： Chatting with them improves our mind. 3. 動名詞既可作動詞賓語, 又可作介詞賓語。例如： I remember seeing him. Don’t be afraid of speaking English. 4. 動名詞仍然保持一些動詞的性質(zhì), 所以后面可以接賓語或副詞性修飾語。例如：

19、Reading books widens our knowledge. Reading aloud in English is necessary. 5. V-ing 形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是在該形式前加上動作的發(fā)出者，多為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格，這一復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中作主語和賓語。作主語時，在句首需用名詞所有格形式，如果不出現(xiàn)在句首可用代詞的賓格或名詞的普通格代替。例如: Tom’s being late made his teacher angry. I don’t like people talking when I am reading. Choices: 1.Victor

20、apologized for _____ to inform me of the change in the plan. A. his being not ale B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able 2.______ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend

21、 B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 3.The discovery of new evidence led to __________. A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught (CDC) Step 5 Assignment 1. Summarize the rules of V-ing form as the Subject and Object in your own way. 2. Finish the exercises of “Discovering useful structures” on Page 12-13. 單位：湖北省荊門　姓名：李國　E_mail：liguo619@