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1、工程管理專業(yè)英語 1、 Please write the English or Chinese expressions illustrative of the following drawings of typical tender workflow and typical contract workflow.（請寫出下圖所繪的典型的招標(biāo)工作流程和典型的合同流程的英文或者中文） 2、 Translate the following Chinese/English into English/Chine. （把下面的中文/英文翻譯成英文/中文） （一）設(shè)計(jì)/施工過程 desig

2、n/construct process （二）房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商 the real estate developer （三）投機(jī)性住宅市場 the speculative housing market （四）項(xiàng)目管理 project management （五）項(xiàng)目全壽命期 project life cycle （六）項(xiàng)目范圍 project scope （七）專業(yè)化服務(wù) professional service （八）重大基礎(chǔ)項(xiàng)目建設(shè) infrastructure and heavy construction （九）住宅類房屋建設(shè) resident housi

3、ng construction （十）辦公和商業(yè)用房建設(shè) institutional and commercial building construction （十一）專業(yè)化工業(yè)項(xiàng)目建設(shè) specialized industrial construction （十二）專業(yè)咨詢師 professional counselor （十三）總承包商 general contractor （十四）價(jià)值工程 value engineering （十五）競爭性招標(biāo) competitive bidding （十六）建筑和工程設(shè)計(jì)公司 arch

4、itectural and engineering（A/E）firm （十七）運(yùn)營與維護(hù)管理 operation and maintenance management （十八）設(shè)計(jì)/施工公司 design/construct firm （十九）分包商 subcontractor （二十）設(shè)施管理 facility managemen （二十一）預(yù)算安排 budget arrangement （二十二）進(jìn)度安排 scheduling arrangement （二十三）工程變更 changes （二十四）施工索賠 claims （二十五）運(yùn)籌學(xué) opsear

5、ch （二十六）非生產(chǎn)性 non-productive （二十七）臨時(shí)性工作暫停 temporary work stoppage （二十八）土木工程 civil engineering （二十九）通用采購公告 general procurement noticet （三十）現(xiàn)場踏勘 site visits （三十一）技術(shù)規(guī)范與圖紙 specification and drawings （三十二）建筑公司 construction company （三十三）建筑與工程設(shè)計(jì)公司 architectural and engineering（

6、A/E）firm （三十四）現(xiàn)場質(zhì)量監(jiān)督 on site quality inspection （三十五）施工圖 shop drawings （三十六）施工合同 construction contract （三十七）設(shè)計(jì)/施工公司 design/construct firm （三十八）設(shè)施維護(hù) facility maintenance （三十九）工程量清單 bill of quantities （四十）竣工圖紙 as-built drawings （四十一）關(guān)鍵線路法 critical path method（CPM） （四十二）質(zhì)量保證 quality as

7、surance （四十三）全面質(zhì)量控制 total quality control 3、 Short Answer Questions.（簡要的回答問題） （1） What does specialized industrial construction include? Can you give some examples? Answer：P8 第二段 1-3行（Specialized industrial construction usually …… or nuclear power plants.） （2） What does infrastructure and

8、heavy construction include? Can you give some examples? Answer：P9 第二段 1-4行（Infrastructure and heavy construction includes …… sewage treatment plants.） （3） What is project management? Answer：P20 第三段 全部（Project management is the art of directing …… and participation satisfaction.） （4） Which ar

9、eas should be mastered for a project manager? Answer：P21-22 第三段 全部加粗黑體字（1-9點(diǎn)） （5） What is competitive bidding ? Answer：P66 第一段 1-6行（competitive bidding is …… and by preventing favoritism.） （6） Whether to bid on a project ? Answer：P67 第二、三段 自行歸納 （7） What do bidding documents generally inc

10、lude ? Answer：P60 第四段 4-8行（they generally include …… and necessary appendices.） （8） What factors should be taken into account in prequalification of bidders ? Answer：P60 第二段 倒數(shù)1-3行 三點(diǎn) （9） What shall the Borrower firstly examine in evaluation of bids? Answer：P62-63 第五段 1-3行（The Borrower s

11、hall examine the bids …… Otherwise generally in order.） （10） Which situations can the Borrower reject all bids ? Answer：P63 第一段 2-5行（If a bid is not …… it shall not be considered further.） （11） What does The Direct costs estimate include ? Answer：P67 第四段 4-5行（The direct costs estimate includ

12、es the costs of …… Involved in the construction.） （12） What does The Mark-up include ? Answer：P67 第四段 8-9行（The mark-up includes the allowances …… profit and risk.） （13） What factors affect bidding success ? Answer：P68 第二段 五點(diǎn) （14） How can a construction company increase competitive advantage

13、? Answer：P69 第一段 四點(diǎn) （15） Why do quality control and safety represent increasingly important concerns for project managers? Answer：P148 第一段 2-6行（Defects or failures in constructed facilities can …… these increased direct costs.） （16） Why should quality requirements should be clear and verifia

14、ble? Answer：P149 第二段 3-5行（Quality requirements should be clear and …… the requirements for conformance.） （17） By what safety during the construction project is influenced in large part? Answer：P149 第三段 1-2行（Safety during the construction project …… and design process.） （18） For the purpose o

15、f insuring compliance ,what steps and methods are commonly used as the basis for accepting or rejecting work completed and batches of materials? Answer：P152 第一段 4-6行（For the purpose of …… and batches of materials.） （19） For smaller projects, who might assume the responsibility for quality and sa

16、fety assurance? Answer：P149 第四段 6-7行（For smaller projects …… and other responsibilities.） （20） Can you give us a brief introduction about ISO9000? Answer：P153 第二段 倒數(shù)1-4行（The best known formal certification for …… Implementation and review.） （21） Why is total quality control is difficult to a

17、pply ,particular in construction? Answer：P154 第一段 1-4行（The unique nature of each …… in construction difficult.） （22） What are the major differences between the sampling by attribute and the sampling by variables? Answer：P157 第一段 3-8行 兩點(diǎn) （23） Why is construction a relatively hazardous undert

18、aking? Answer：無 四、Relate and analyze the following question. （敘述和分析以下問題） （1） Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the cost-plus-fee agreements. Answer：P75-76自行歸納 （2） Can you describe how does the project life cycle of a constructed facility work ? Answer：P1-4自行歸納 五、Translation.（翻譯）

19、 （1） Job-site productivity is influenced by many factors. Which can be characterized either as labor characteristics, project work conditions or as non-productive activities. 工作現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)率受多種因素的影響。什么可以作為特征，無論是勞動(dòng)特點(diǎn)、項(xiàng)目工作條件或非生產(chǎn)性活動(dòng)方面。 （2） The selection of the appropriate type and size of construction equip

20、ment often affects the required amount of time and effort and thus the job-site productivity of a project. It is therefore important for site managers and construction planners to be familiar with the characteristics of the major types of equipment most commonly used in construction. 適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)備類型和大小的選擇，

21、經(jīng)常影響工作現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)率所需要的時(shí)間和效率。因此，對(duì)于現(xiàn)場管理者和建設(shè)規(guī)劃者來說，熟悉最經(jīng)常用于建筑的主要類型的設(shè)備，是很重要的。 （3） The bidding documents shall specify any factors, in addition to price, which will be taken into account in evaluating bids, and how such factors will be quantified or otherwise evaluated. 招標(biāo)文件應(yīng)該指定除了價(jià)格的任何因素，這些因素應(yīng)被考慮進(jìn)入評(píng)估報(bào)價(jià)，和怎樣的因素將會(huì)

22、被量化或者另外的評(píng)估。 （4） Because of the very nature and risks with the lump-sum price, it is important that the contractor be able to accurately understand the scope of the project work required at time of bidding. 由于總價(jià)合同具有本質(zhì)性和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因此對(duì)于承包商來說，在投標(biāo)時(shí)，他們必須有能力去理解項(xiàng)目工作的要求。 （5） The important point is that whatever t

23、he arrangement, it must be clearly understood by all parties- not only the amount of the fee, but also how and when it will be paid to the contractor. 重要的是，無論是任何形式的合同，必須都要從所有方面去準(zhǔn)確、清楚得了解——不僅是費(fèi)用，還有如何以及何時(shí)支付給承包商。 （6） The right of the owner to inspect the work as it proceeds, to direct the contractor t

24、o expedite the work, to use completed portions of the project before contract termination, and to make payment deductions for uncompleted or faulty work are common construction contract provisions. 業(yè)主有權(quán)檢查工程的進(jìn)行情況，導(dǎo)致了承包商加快工作進(jìn)度，在合同終止前使用完成的部分和付款扣除未完成的或錯(cuò)誤的工作，這是常見的施工合同條款。 （7） In contrast, poor schedulin

25、g can result in considerable waste as laborers and equipment wait for the availability of needed resources or the completion of preceding tasks. 與此形成鮮明對(duì)比的是，不良的進(jìn)度安排可能導(dǎo)致相當(dāng)大的浪費(fèi)，比如勞動(dòng)者和設(shè)備需等待所需資源的可用性或者之前任務(wù)完成。 （8） Moreover, even if formal methods are not applied in particular cases, the conceptual framework of formal scheduling methods provides a valuable reference for a manager. 此外，即使通常的方法不被使用在特定的情況下，通常的進(jìn)度安排的概念框架給管理者提供了有價(jià)值的參考。