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[高中一年級]高考英語命題潛規(guī)則

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1、高考英語命題潛規(guī)則 高考英語命題潛規(guī)則單詞拼寫(1) 1. laywer在近五年中至少考過兩次: (1) Sydney wants to become a ________(律師) in the future.(2009全國II卷) (2) He is an excellent ________ (律師) with a good brain and a determination to achieve.(2009陜西卷) 2. plastic在近五年中至少考過兩次: (1) He put the rubbish into the ________(塑料)bag and took i

2、t downstairs.(2011全國卷II) (2) If you cannot find wooden boxes, you may use either ________ (塑料的) or metal ones instead.(2009陜西卷) 3. ceiling在近五年中至少考過兩次: (1) Tall people like rooms with high ________ (天花板). (2011全國卷II) (2) He turned on the television set hanging from the ________ (天花板).(2007陜西卷) 4

3、. neighbour在近五年中至少考過兩次: (1) One of our ________ (鄰居) kept a very beautiful garden.(2008全國II卷) (2) Leave your key with a ________ (鄰居) in case you lock yourself out one day.(2008陜西卷) 另外,五年前的2005在浙江卷中也考過此詞: Our next-door n________ says she’ll look after out cat while we’re away. 5. favourate在近五年

4、中至少考過兩次: (1) My ________ (最喜歡的) colour is green.(2010國卷II) (2) What is your ________(最喜歡的)color?(2007全國卷II) 6. aplogize和apology在近五年中至少考過三次: (1) He ________(道歉)publicly for his mistake the day before yesterday.(2011全國II卷) (2) I have an ________ (道歉) to make to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter

5、 by mistake.(2011陜西卷) (3) Yesterday Michael a ________ to his boss for being late.(2008浙江卷) 另外,2000年在全國卷中也考過此詞: I must ________(道歉) for not having been able to write to you sooner. 注:由于考查單詞拼寫的考卷不多,所涉及的單詞太有限,為了盡量為同學(xué)們展示高考英語對單詞拼寫的考查規(guī)律,本專題除了使用近5年的高考題外,也使用了部分近5年之外的高考題,特此說明。 命題潛規(guī)則1 考查拼寫很簡單的常用詞 不要以為

6、高考單詞拼寫題只考查難詞或長詞,其實有時也考查一些拼寫很簡單的常用詞,但比較而言,陜西卷考查簡單單詞的機會要比全國卷考得多。 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) He has devoted his whole life to world ________(和平).(2011陜西卷) (2) The smell of ________(新鮮的)bread and frying eggs filled the kitchen.(2011陜西卷) (3) The symptoms of flu may be unpleasant, but they________ (消失) within a few

7、days.(2011陜西卷) (4) The car is running at a ________(速度) of eighty kilometers an hour.(2010陜西卷) (5) The teacher is glad that everyone in her class is ________ (渴望的) to learn.(2010陜西卷) (6) He tried to ________(解釋), but she wouldn’t listen.(2010陜西卷) (7) The local government is ________(討論) how to h

8、elp the poor in the countryside.(2010陜西卷) (8) We sat chatting for a few ________(分鐘) after finishing our meal.(2010陜西卷) (9) The baby in the next room ________ (睡醒) and began to cry.(2010全國卷II) (10) Farmers are reporting a very big ________(收成) this year.(2009全國卷II) (11) Owning a house of their o

9、wn is a ________ (夢想) for the young couple.(2009陜西卷) (12) We will ________ (參加) a meeting to celebrate the sixtieth birthday P. R. China.(2009陜西卷) (13) We left the road and ________ (爬) the hill towards the wood.(2009陜西卷) (14) This cake t ________ delicious. Would you like a try?(2008浙江卷) (15) T

10、hese books b________ to Sarah—I must give them back to her.(2008浙江卷) (16) Plants and a________, including humans, need food and water to survive.(2008浙江卷) (17) He was p________ of the Olympic Gold Medal he won for his country.(2008浙江卷) (18) Each student is allowed to borrow two books at a time fr

11、om the school l________.(2008浙江卷) (19) About 71 percent of the earth’s surface is c________ by water.(2008浙江卷) (20) People with a poor memory often f________ things.(2007浙江卷) (21) Spring is a s________ when trees turn green and flowers open.(2007浙江卷) (22) George was born on June 1, so Children’s

12、 Day is also his b________.(2007浙江卷) (23) He caught a high f________. His body temperature was as high as 40℃. (2007浙江卷) [NextPage] 答案: (1) peace (2) fresh(3) disappear (4) speed / rate(5) eager (6) explain (7) discussing (8) minutes (9) awoke / awaked (10) harvest(11) dream (12) attend (

13、13) climbed (14) tastes (15) belong (16) animals (17) proud (18) library (19) covered (20) forget(21) seaon (22) birthday(23) fever 命題潛規(guī)則2 考查表示月份的名詞 英語中表示月份的單詞只有12個,但它們在高考英語的單詞拼寫中卻非常活躍,建議同學(xué)們一定要記住這些詞,因為它們除了出現(xiàn)在單詞拼寫題中外,還書面表達中也經(jīng)常用得得, January 一月 February 二月March 三月April 四月May 五月 June 六月July

14、七月 August 八月September 九月 October 十月November 十一月 December 十二月 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) We’re taking our vacation in ________(七月).(2011全國卷II) (2) Both my parents were born in ________ (十月), but five years apart.(2011陜西卷) (3) The course will start in ________ (十二月).(2010全國卷II) (4) Mr. White announced that

15、he would go to China in ________ (二月).(2010全國卷II) (5) (一月) is the first month of the year.(2006全國卷) 答案: (1) July (2) October (3) December (4) February (5) January 補充:除表示月份的名詞外,還有表示星期的名詞,表示學(xué)科的名詞等,也值得注意。如: a. 表示星期的名詞: Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四Friday 星期五Saturday

16、星期六 Sunday 星期日 b. 表示學(xué)科的名詞: politics 政治 physics 物理chemistry 化學(xué)geography 地理 biology 生物mathematics / math(s) 數(shù)學(xué) 命題潛規(guī)則3 考查某些以-tion結(jié)尾的名詞 英語中以-tion結(jié)尾的名詞很多,但重點要注意的只有以下一些: addition 加,增加 application 申請celebration 慶祝 communication 交際,交往 competition 比賽 congratulation 慶賀connection 聯(lián)系 construction 建設(shè) c

17、onversation 談話 description 描述dictation 聽寫 direction 方向 education 教育 exhibition 展覽explanation 解釋 generation 一代 graduation 畢業(yè) information 信息instruction 說明 introduction 介紹 invention 發(fā)明 invitation 邀請operation 手術(shù) organization 組織 pollution 污染 population 人口production 生產(chǎn) pronunciation 發(fā)音 regulation 規(guī)章

18、relation 關(guān)系satisfaction 滿意 situation 形勢 suggestion 建議 translation 翻譯 vacation 假期 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) The English teacher gives the class a ________ (聽寫) almost every day.(2008全國卷II) (2) Please give my (祝賀) when you see her.(2006陜西卷) (3) The book gives a short ________(描述)of the city.(2007全國卷II)

19、 (4) Oliver was unable to give police a ________(描述) of his attacker.(2005全國卷) (5) The artist held an ________(展覽) of his works last month.(1997年全國卷) (6) Xi’an International ________ (展覽) Center has attracted many business people.(2007陜西卷) (7) Several new railways are under ________(建設(shè)) in China

20、.(1996年全國卷) 答案: (1) dictation (2) congratulations (3) description (4) description (5) exhibition (6) exhibition (7) construction 命題潛規(guī)則4 考查某些以-ous結(jié)尾的形容詞 英語中以-ous結(jié)尾的形容詞不多,比較重要的有: anxious 憂慮的 curious 好奇的dangerous 危險的 delicious美味的 famous 著名的 humorous 富于幽默的nervous 緊張不安的 obvious 顯然的 poisonous

21、 有毒的 precious 寶貴的religious 宗教的 serious 嚴(yán)重的,認(rèn)真的 various 各種各樣的 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) It is ________ (危險地) for children under five years old to be left alone at home.(2010全國卷II) (2) He was ________ (好奇) to know what was happening in the office.(2008陜西卷) (3) Children are ________(好奇) about everything around

22、them.(1996全國卷) (4) With no adults around, it’s d________ for children to swim in the river.(2007浙江卷) (5) Honestly I thought the fried chicken was (可口的).(2006陜西卷) (6) Zhejiang is f________ for tea and silk.(2005浙江卷) 命題潛規(guī)則5 考查某些以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞 英語中以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞很多,因為許多形容詞都可以通過加后綴-ly來構(gòu)成副詞: attentive

23、ly 專心地 carefully 仔細(xì)地 certainly 當(dāng)然 clearly 清楚地 comfortably 舒服地 deeply 深深地 easily 容易地especially 尤其 eventually 最終地 exactly 確切地extremely 非常 fairly 相當(dāng) fluently 流利地 foolishly 愚蠢地gradually 逐漸地 happily 幸福地,幸虧 hardly 幾乎不 heavily 重重地,大量地immediately 立即 lately 最近 likely 很可能 mentally 精神上merely 只不過 natural

24、ly 自然地 partly 部分地 personally 就自己而言possibly 可能地,也許probably 很可能 properly 適當(dāng)?shù)?quickly 迅速地really 真正地 recently 最近 simply 簡單地 slightly 稍微suddenly 突然 totally 完全地 unfortunately 不幸地 ususlly 通常 weekly 每周地 widely 廣泛地 willingly 樂意地 注意,做這類題,如果所給中文中已帶有“地”這個副詞性標(biāo)志,則通??梢灾苯邮褂酶痹~,但如果所給中文中沒有“地”這個副詞性標(biāo)志,則要根據(jù)句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)

25、考慮是否該用副詞(看是否是用作狀語)。 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) You’ll ________(逐漸)get better at it—it’s just a question of practice.(2011全國卷II) (2) Christophe Bites was born and brought up in France, but he speaks English ________ (流利地).(2011陜西卷) (3) I have been ________(深深地) impressed by a number of experiences in her life.(

26、2010陜西卷) (4) China Daily is ________ (廣泛地) read in North America.(2009陜西卷) (5) The acceptance of new members is ________ (嚴(yán)格) controlled.(2008陜西卷) (6) I u________ go to bed at 10:00 p.m., but I stayed up till 11:00 last night.(2008浙江卷) (7) There are only five minutes left. We’ll have to walk q__

27、______ to get there on time.(2007浙江卷) (8) You will be better accepted if you can speak more ________ (自然地) in public.(2005全國卷) (9) Don’t be frightened by the television camera. Just speak________(自然地).(1998全國卷) (10) Well, you’ve acted (愚蠢地) and you will pay for it.(2006陜西卷) (11) We were ta

28、lking on the phone when, ________(突然), the line went dead.(2007陜西卷) (12) Attention please, the game will begin ________ (立刻).(2005全國卷) (13) The telephone rang, and he answered it i________.(2005浙江卷) (14) It is (稍微) colder today than it was yesterday.(2006全國卷) (15) I can’t tell one from

29、the other because they are only ________(細(xì)微) different.(2000全國卷) (16) ________ speaking (一般來說), parents care more about their children’s health than about their own.(2000全國卷) (17) I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more __________(舒服).(1997全國卷) (18) The students were listening to

30、 the teacher ________(專心).(1996全國卷) 命題潛規(guī)則6 考查某些以-age結(jié)尾的形容詞 英語中以-age結(jié)尾的詞不多,下面為同學(xué)們歸納了20余個: (1) 名詞類: advantage 優(yōu)勢 baggage 行李 cabbage 卷心菜 cottage 村舍,別墅 courage 勇氣 garage車庫 language 語言 luggage 行李 marriage 結(jié)婚 message 信息 package 包裹 passage 一段 sausage 香腸,臘腸 voyage 航行,旅行 (2) 形容詞類: average 平均的,普

31、通的 savage 野蠻的 (3) 動詞類: damage 毀壞,損害 encourage 鼓勵 engage 使從事,使訂婚 manage 管理,對付 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) When things aren’t going well, my parents always ________(鼓勵) me, telling me not to give up.(2010陜西卷) (2) I want to thank everyone who has (鼓勵) and supported me .(2006全國卷) (3) On ________ (平均),

32、people who don’t smoke are healthier than people who do.(2009全國II卷) (4) Do you know the ________(平均) monthly rainfall in this area?(1999全國卷) (5) I’ve got an (普通) sort of car, nothing special.(2006全國卷) (6) There’s a _________(留言)from Karen on the phone.(2007全國II卷) (7) When I got home af

33、ter the holiday there were a lot of ________(留言) in my phone.(2000全國卷) (8) For a goalkeeper, it’s a great ________ (優(yōu)勢) to have big hands.(2009全國II卷) 答案: (1) encourage (2) encouraged (3) average (4) average (5) average (6) message (7) messages (8) advantage 命題潛規(guī)則7 考查某些以-ize / -ize結(jié)尾的動詞

34、 中學(xué)英語中以-ize / -ise結(jié)尾的詞非常有限,只有以下幾個(一定要記住它們): apologize / apologise 道歉 emphasize / emphasise 強調(diào) organize / organise 組織 realize / realise 認(rèn)識到,實現(xiàn) recognize / ecognise 認(rèn)出 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) He ________(道歉)publicly for his mistake the day before yesterday.(2011全國II卷) (2) I must ________(道歉) for not havin

35、g been able to write to you sooner.(2000全國卷) (3)Lisa, I didn’t ________ (認(rèn)出) you—you’ve had your hair cut!(2008全國卷II) (4) A man I ________ (認(rèn)出) as his father sat with a newspaper on his knees.(2007陜西卷) (5) I ________ (認(rèn)出) Mike the moment I saw him.(1999全國卷) (6) The National Games were well _____

36、___(組織).(1996全國卷) 答案: (1) apologized / apologised (2) apologize / apologise (3) recogized / recogised (1) apologized / apologised (1) apologized / apologised 【補充】下面一題考查了apologize的名詞形式apology: I have an________(道歉) to make to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake.(2011陜西卷) 命題潛規(guī)則8 考

37、查用法上容易在出錯詞形 由于高考對單詞拼寫的考查要求所填單詞能使句子語法正確,也就是說所填單詞必須使用正確的形式。所以高考命題者有時也會考查某些其原形非常簡單,但其變化形式(如動詞的過去式和過去分詞,名詞的復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞和副詞比較等級、與基數(shù)詞相對應(yīng)的序數(shù)詞等)比較易錯的單詞,如mouse表示“老鼠”時,其復(fù)數(shù)是mice,但表示“鼠標(biāo)”時,其復(fù)數(shù)可以是mice,也可以是mouse;又如hang表示“絞死”時,其過去式和過去分詞均為hanged,但表示“懸掛”時,其過去式和過去分詞即是hung;等等。 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) The cards had been________(卡住) th

38、rough the letterbox. (2011全國卷II) (2) Many of his finest pictures are _______(懸掛) in the national museum. (2009全國II卷) (3) Their office is on the________(第九) floor.(1998全國卷) 【答案】 (1) stuck。不能寫成sticked。 (2) hung。不能寫成hanged。 (3) ninth。不能寫成nineth。 命題潛規(guī)則9 考查用法上容易在出錯詞性 命題者有時會從英語與漢語在表達差別方面命題單詞拼寫題,比

39、如有些表達在漢語中沒有“……的”的意思,但在英語中卻要譯成“……的”,如“技術(shù)培訓(xùn)”,說成英語應(yīng)是technical training,而不是technique training;有時在漢語中只需用基數(shù)詞即可,但在英語中卻必須要用序數(shù)詞,如“某人60歲生日”,說成英語必須是one’s sixtieth birthday,而不能是one’s sixty birthday;等等。 【驗證潛規(guī)則】 (1) Smith went to Chicago for________(技術(shù)) training.(2011全國卷II) (2) Bob is six feet in________(身高).(

40、2011全國卷II) (3) Two years later, he left his parents and entered a ________ (醫(yī)學(xué)的) college.(2010全國卷II) (4) Sarah lives with her husband and children in a flat in ________ (中心) London.(2009陜西卷) (5) We’ve got to be ________(實際) and buy only what we need.(1997全國卷) (6) The ________ (第十二) man in a foot

41、ball team will play if one of the other players is ill.(2008陜西卷) 【答案】 (1) technical。不能寫成 technique。(2) height。不能寫成high。(3) medical。不能寫成medicine。 (4) central。不能寫成centre。(5) practical。不能寫成practice。(6) twelfth。不能寫成twelve。 (1) Eve was cutting the grass, and________(同時)Les was planting roses. (2011國卷

42、II) (2) Several companies have announced their intention to____(競爭) for the construction project.(2011陜西卷) (3) I hope to be back in a _______ (兩星期).(2010國卷II) (4) _______ (水桶) are often used for holding and carrying water.(2010國卷II) (5) They look like the teeth of a ________ (兇猛的) animal.(2010國卷

43、II) (6) Miss Harper closed her eyes and ________(假裝) to be asleep.(2010陜西卷) (7) I washed and ________(剃須), then hurried out of the house.(2009全國II卷) (8) John missed the game because of ________(胃) pains.(2009全國II卷) (9) Callie will start ________(幼兒園) in September.(2009全國II卷) (10) The old lady n

44、eeds a few feather ________(枕頭) to make herself comfortable.(2009全國II卷) 【答案】 (1) meanwhile / meantime (2) compete (3) fortnight (4) Bukets(5) fierce (6) pretended (7) shaved (8) stomach(9) kindergarten (10) pillows 1. bargain (1)You can get even better deals if you are prepared to ________(討價還

45、價).(2011全國卷II) (2)The car was a (廉價貨) at that price.(2006陜西卷) 【答案】(1) bargain (2) bargain 2. invent (1) Alexander Graham Bell became famous overnight by ________(發(fā)明)the telephone.(2011陜西卷) (2) Alexander Graham Bell i the telephone.(2006浙江卷) 【答案】(1) inventing (2) invented 3. ha

46、bit (1) Jeff has the ________ (習(xí)慣) of listening to music while reading.(2010陜西卷) (2) Parents should help their children to form good ________ (習(xí)慣).(1997全國卷) 【答案】(1) habit (2) habits 4. remind (1) She ________ (提醒) me that I hadn’t written to Mother.(2010全國卷II) (1) The photo will r________ me

47、of the days when we were together.(2007浙江卷) 【答案】(1) reminded (2) remind 5. finger (1) He was about to speak but she raised but she raised a ________ (手指) to her lips.(2009陜西卷) (2) Pauline had a ring on her f________, so I guessed she was married.(2005浙江卷) 【答案】(1) finger (2) finger 6. translat

48、e (1) The book is________(翻譯) from Russian.(1998全國卷) (2) The story was first written in English and later ________ (翻譯) into Chinese.(2008全國卷II) 【答案】(1) translated (2) translated 7. broadcast (1) They football game was _________(播出) live on TV across Europe.(2007全國卷) (2) Does Radio Beijing __

49、______(播送) the news every hour on the hour?(1996全國卷) 【答案】(1) broadcast / broadcasted (2) broadcast 8. accept (1) They offered me a ticket for the concert, and I a________ it with delight.(2007浙江卷) (1) I am pleased that he gladly ________ (接受) our invitation.(1997全國卷) 【答案】(1) accepted (2) acce

50、pted 9. separate (1) The little girl got ________ (分開) from the group in the dark.(2005全國卷) (2) A fence at the back of the garden ________(分開) us from the neighbors.(1998全國卷) 【答案】(1) separated (2) separates / separated 10. weather (1)The w________ in the hills can change very quickly, so take

51、 suitable clothes.(2006浙江卷) (2)What will the________(天氣) be like tomorrow?(1998全國卷) 【答案】(1) weather (2) weather 11. material (1) When building ________ (材料) cost more, the price of houses increases.(2008陜西卷) (2) The curtains are made from a very expensive m________.(2006浙江卷) (3) She’s bought

52、some ________(衣料) to make herself a dress.(1996全國卷) 【答案】(1) materials (2) material (3) material 12. accident (1) Lucy was badly hurt in a traffic a________ last week.(2008浙江卷) (2) We should make sure that the (事故) scene is no longer dangerous.(2006陜西卷) 【答案】(1) accident (2) accident 1

53、3. waste (1) Letting the water run while you brush your teeth w________ water.(2006浙江卷) (2) Don’t ________(浪費) your money on silly things.(1999全國卷) 【答案】(1) wastes (2) waste 14. breathe / breath (1) We had great difficulty in (呼吸), for the air was thin.(2006陜西卷) (2) Jack took a deep

54、 (呼吸) and then dived into the water.(2006全國卷) 【答案】(1) breathing (2) breath 15. swimming (1) The village children like to go ________ (游泳) in the nearby river.(2008全國卷II) (2) Do you think ________(游泳) is allowed in the canal?(1998全國卷) 【答案】(1) swimming (2) swimming 高考英語單詞拼寫重要考點分類(名

55、詞類) 一、十二個月份名詞 January 一月February 二月 March 三月 April 四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 August 八月 September 九月 October 十月November 十一月 December 十二月 二、七個星期名詞和四個季節(jié)名詞 Monday 星期一Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四 Friday 星期五Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期日 spring 春 summer 夏 autumn 秋 winter 冬 三、七大洲和

56、四大洋 Asia 亞洲 Africa 非洲Europe 歐洲Antarctica 南極洲 Oceania 大洋洲 South America 南美洲North America 北美洲 (注: Europe 的形容詞為后加 -an; Asia, Africa, America的形容詞為后加-n) Pacific 太平洋 Atlantic 大西洋 the Indian Ocean 印度洋 the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 四、某些易寫錯的學(xué)科名詞 politics 政治physics 物理chemistry 化學(xué) geography 地理biology 生物mathema

57、tics/maths 數(shù)學(xué)arithmetic算術(shù) 五、幾個主要的地名名詞(及派生詞) Canada 加拿大 Italy 意大利Australia 澳大利亞 Canadian 加拿大人/的 Italian 意大利人/的/語 Australian澳大利亞人/的 六、幾大“家” chemist 化學(xué)家 physicist 物理學(xué)家scientist 科學(xué)家 pianist 鋼琴家 七、以 -tion 結(jié)尾的名詞: celebration 慶祝 composition 作文 congratulation 祝賀 construction 建設(shè), 結(jié)構(gòu) direction 方向, 指導(dǎo)

58、education 教育 exhibition 展覽 graduation 畢業(yè) imagination 想象 information 信息 invention 發(fā)明 liberation 解放 pollution 污染 population 人口 position 位置 pronunciation 發(fā)音revolution 革命 satisfaction 滿意 situation 形勢 等等 八、以 -sion 結(jié)尾的名詞 conclusion 結(jié)論 discussion 討論 expression 表達, 表情 九、以 -ment 結(jié)尾的名詞 achieveme

59、nt 成就 department 部門, 系development 發(fā)展 experiment 實驗 government 政府 monument 紀(jì)念碑 movement 運動 十、以-ing 結(jié)尾的名詞 ceiling 天花板 stocking 長統(tǒng)襪 shortcoming 缺點 十一、以 -ure 結(jié)尾的名詞 agriculture 農(nóng)業(yè) failure 失敗mixture 混合物 pressure 壓力temperature 體溫 十二、其他一些重要的名詞 address 地址arrow 箭 assistant 助手 astronaut 宇宙員 balance

60、 稱, 平衡blanket 毯子 blackboard 黑板 bottom 底branch 分支 camera 照相機cinema 電影院 centigrade 度character 人物, 性格Christmas 圣誕節(jié)citizen 公民 computer 電腦, 計算機conductor 列車員continent 大陸 contrary 反面curtain 窗簾 design 設(shè)計 dialogue 對話experience 經(jīng)驗, 經(jīng)歷 freedom 自由 industry 工業(yè)habit 習(xí)慣handkerchief 手巾 institute 學(xué)院journey

61、 旅行 knowledge 知識 liquid 液體 language 語言 material 材料 newsreel 新聞影片 oxygen 氧氣package 包裹 passenger 乘客patient 病人 portrait 肖像 president總統(tǒng)professor 教授 programme 節(jié)目 progress 進步restaurant 飯館robot 機器人 satellite 衛(wèi)星savage 野人society 社會 stomach 胃, 肚子 surface 表面 umbrella 雨傘 vegetable 蔬菜victory 勝利等等 6

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