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1、2014年全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ) 理工類B級(jí) 考前預(yù)測(cè)試題【內(nèi)部資料，嚴(yán)防泄密】 第1部分 選擇題：下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)有下劃線，請(qǐng)為每處下劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。 1、The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. A．force B．influence C．surprise D．power 2、Can you follow the plot? A．change B．investigate C．write D．understand 3、Even in a

2、 highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. A．physical B．mental C．natural D．hard 4、In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. A．result B．judgment C．decision D．event 5、Norman B amey,is an artist of deep convictions. A．statements B．beliefs C．suggestions D．clai

3、ms 6、Up to now, the work has been easy. A．So B．So long C．So that D．So far 7、The report advocated setting up day training colleges. A．supposed B．excited C．suggested D．discussed 8、Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed. A．Therefore B．Afterwards C．However D．Furth

4、ermore 9、The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking. A．view B．sight C．look D．point 10、Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A．tensely B．nearly C．carefully D．closely 11、The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A．explained B．invented

5、 C．considered D．a(chǎn)ccepted 12、He talks tough but has a tender heart. A．heavy B．strong C．kind D．wild 13、It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A．making B．taking C．discussing D．expecting 14、Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.. A

6、．waste B．buy C．use D．sell 15、The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A．function B．a(chǎn)bility C．power D．volume 第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷；如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。 16、請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，對(duì)16-23做出判斷。 Highways 　　With the increase

7、 in auto production, private turnpike (收費(fèi)公路) companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387, 000 miles of paved roads. At that time, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or weight of trucks. During the World War I, roads throughout the cou

8、ntry were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, he noted: "the old convoy (車隊(duì)) had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germanys Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land. " 　　The in

9、terstate highway system was finally started in 1956. To build its 44, 000-mile web of.highways, bridges, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Considering the many. geographic features of the country such as mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers,

10、 deserts and plains, innovative designs of roadways began to web of their way across the country, forever altering the face of America. Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U. S. , and the U. S. with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide la

11、nes and shoulders, dividing medians, or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U. S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads).

12、 By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs,and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural program, health care, and other ben

13、efits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they cherish most: personal freedom of mobility. The interstate system has been an essential element of the nations economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 percent of the nations freight deliver

14、ies arrive by truck; and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels,rest

15、aurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural. National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 17、Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways had better qualit

16、y than the hig ways of America. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 18、In the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system. A．Right B．Wrong , C．Not mentioned 19、Many of the problems presented by the countrys geographical features found solutions

17、in innovative engineering projects. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 20、With safety considerations the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than, that of other American roads. A．Right B．Wrong C．Notmentioned 21、The interstate highways system provides access between major milit

18、ary installations in America. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 22、Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate highway system. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2-5段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；(2)第27

19、～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。 23、根據(jù)材料，回答23-31問題。 Ways to Reduce Exposure to Air Pollution 1.A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation ,from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power plant disast

20、er. The report was published by the U. K s Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution Quite a lot it turns out. 2.Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable am

21、ount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source exhaust fumes (廢氣). Also dont walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward (頂風(fēng)的) side of the street where exposure Of pollutants (污染物) can be 50 percent less than on the downwind (順風(fēng)的) side. 3. Sitting on the drivers side of a

22、bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker (雙層電車)can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground t

23、rains tends to be less toxic (有毒的) than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles (粒子) thrown up by wheels hitting the rails, while diesel (柴油機(jī)) and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants. 4. When you are crossing a road, stand well back f

24、rom the curb (路緣) while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly. 5

25、. There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and te

26、nds to cause a build-up of pollutants. Paragraph 2____________. A．Where you stand while waiting to cross? B．Where you walk? C．Where you sit on a bus? D．When you go to bed? E．When pollution levels rise? F．When you get up? 24、Paragraph 3_______________. A．Where you stand while waiting to

27、cross? B．Where you walk? C．Where you sit on a bus? D．When you go to bed? E．When pollution levels rise? F．When you get up? 25、Paragraph 4_______________. A．Where you stand while waiting to cross? B．Where you walk? C．Where you sit on a bus? D．When you go to bed? E．When pollution levels ri

28、se? F．When you get up? 26、Paragraph 5_______________. A．Where you stand while waiting to cross? B．Where you walk? C．Where you sit on a bus? D．When you go to bed? E．When pollution levels rise? F．When you get up? 27、Air pollution can be as harmful to ones health_______________. A．during

29、rush holm B．in spring and autumn C．to toxic air D．between autumn and winter E．a(chǎn)s exposure to nuclear radiation F．on the downwind side 28、Traveling on an underground train can reduce exposure_______________. A．during rush holm B．in spring and autumn C．to toxic air D．between autumn and win

30、ter E．a(chǎn)s exposure to nuclear radiation F．on the downwind side 29、Pollution levels are lower_______________. A．during rush holm B．in spring and autumn C．to toxic air D．between autumn and winter E．a(chǎn)s exposure to nuclear radiation F．on the downwind side 30、Its wise to stay away from heavy

31、 traffic____________. A．during rush holm B．in spring and autumn C．to toxic air D．between autumn and winter E．a(chǎn)s exposure to nuclear radiation F．on the downwind side 第4部分：閱讀理解(第31—45題，每題3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。 31、根據(jù)材料，回答31-36問題。 第一篇 Physical Exercise Decla

32、ring that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exaggeration. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Health Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the stro

33、ng probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer. Those who have embraced an active lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless a lot of people would never of physical activity as a

34、way of feeling better, simply because they dont think they are in need of it, or because they are lazy or maintain that they havent got enough time. There are many positive,e effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological

35、and social ones. Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the life of the heart, bumsoff fat, lowers high blood pressure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscleflexibility and joint mobility. On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and s

36、tress by causingtension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listeningto our bodies during movement. Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfactionthus obtained will result in an increase of self-respec

37、t and self-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others. The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as

38、well as an increase in peoples satisfaction in the work place. Physical activity is recommended for all age groups, including children. It is an important growth factor in a child s education. And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in

39、daily life as Well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feeling isolated. The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because____________. A．the WHO holds the view B．it helps improve the quality of life

40、C．the lack of it equals serious illness D．it enables people to live longer 32、Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly because____________. A．they are not aware of its benefits B．they dont have the facilities C．they dont think they need it D．they are physically unfit for it 3

41、3、According to the passage, physical exercise can make people____________. A．stronger and more intelligent B．more intelligent and more open-minded C．more open-minded and healthier D．healthier and stronger 34、Physical exercise is socially beneficial because____________. A．it gives people comp

42、etitive advantage B．it helps people reduce anxiety C．it enables employees to work better for their company D．it makes people confident in dealing with others 35、According to the passage, regular physical exercise can make old people____________. A．better able to look after themselves B．look

43、 younger than they really are C．less likely to suffer from diseases D．more aggressive in their interaction with others 36、根據(jù)材料，回答36-41問題。 第二篇 A New Immigration Bill The U. S. Senate is considering a new immigration bill. It will value the economic promise of immigrants over family tie

44、s when considering U. S. residency and citizenship. The legislation,which was proposed by President Bush and a group of senators, contains a point system. The proposal aims to increase the number of immigrants with graduate degrees, earnings or job skills. The proposedpoint system would use a 100-p

45、oint scale. According to a draft of the law,merit applicants could earn up to 47 points for things like occupation, or year of work for a US firm. They could earn up to 28 points for their education, 15 points for English and US civics (公民學(xué)), and 10 points for family ties. The system has stirred up

46、debate. Critics on the left say it opposes family unity and American values. Critics on the right complain that it does not reflect the needs of high-tech employers. The current kinship (血緣關(guān)系) -based system puts pressure on the U. S. , as it attracts low-skill workers who consume more publi

47、c services than they pay back in taxes. It allows a variety of uneducated people in from Mexico and Central America. The immigration bill would allow eight years to clear the current backlog (積壓) of application for a permanent resident card, or green card. After that, only the children and s

48、pouses (配偶) of legal immigrants would be able to apply for family visas. Adult children,siblings (兄弟姐妹), parents, and other relatives would have to apply in the general queue (排隊(duì)). Under the proposal, i .mrnigrants from Asian, countries would likely fare well (很有利). For instance, over half o

49、f recent immigrants from China and India have a bachelors (學(xué)士的)or higher degree. Immigrants from Latin American countries would likely face more difficulties. Immigration point systems have been in use in Canada, Australia and New Zealand for years. The U. K. adopted a similar approach in 2001. One

50、 thing that Canada and other nations have discovered is that their system needs to fit the needs of their economy. Too often they find that they attract highly-educated people who end up finding work that doesnt use their skills.Some end up driving a taxi. One of the reasons for proposing the po

51、int system is____________. A．to give priority to immigrants from China B．to protect the US from terrorist attacks C．to attract skilled immigrants " D．to increase population 37、What do critics on the right say about the proposed point system? A．It opposes family unity. B．It is very difficult

52、 to apply. C．It opposes American values. D．It does not meet the needs of high-tech employers. 38、Which statement is NOT true of the current system? A．It is kinship-based. B．It puts pressure on the US. C．It draws low-skilled workers. D．It attracts highly-educated people. 39、 Who can apply

53、 for family visas in future? A．The uncles and aunts of legal immigrants. B．The brothers and sisters of legal immigrants. C．The spouses and young children of legal immigrants. D．The parents and grandparents of legal immigrants. 40、Which country adopted the point system in 2001? A．The UK. B．T

54、he US. C．Canada. D．Australia A New Immigration Bill 41、根據(jù)材料，回答41-46問題。 College Students Financial Pressure in U. S. Each semester, Andrew Tom receives a term bill outlining his expenses: tuition, dorm fee,student center fee, recreation fee, resident activity fee, health insurance. If o

55、nly the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify. "Its like you start out the semester with plenty of money and then $ 20 for dinner out here and $100 at the department store there, its gone," said Tom, a Northeastern University third-year student. "And there are so many things you need

56、 like toothpaste or laundry detergent. (洗滌劑) that you dont think about until you get here and need it. " From the books lining their shelves to the fashionable clothes filling their closets, college students say the expenses of a college education go well beyond tuition and a dining hall mea

57、l plan. Many say they arrive on campus only to be overwhelmed by unexpected costs from sports fees to the actual price of a slice of pizza. Balancing a job with schoolwork, especially at colleges known for their heavy workloads like Harvard and MIT, can be tough. So can the pressure students

58、 often feel to financially keep pace with their friends. "When you get dragged along shopping, youre going to spend money; if you get dragged to a party and everyone wants to take a cab but youre cheap and want to take a bus. Chances are youll end up sharing the fee for the cab," said Tom.

59、"I guess you could say no, but no one wants to be the only one eating in the snack bar while your friends are out to dinner. " Max Cohen, a biology major at MIT, said he is accustomed to watching fellow students spend $ 40 a night to have dinner delivered or $ 50 during a night out at a ,bar

60、. During the schools recent spring break, friends on trips for the week posted away messages that read like a word map -- Pads, Rome, Tokyo. "Meanwhile I stay home and work," said Cohen. "I didnt realize when I came here how much money I would spend or how hard I would have to work to get by. "

61、 It is a lesson some younger students learn quickly. Others, surrounded by credit card offers, go into debt, or worse, are forced to leave school. "A lot of people dont think twice about how much they spend," said a first-year student at MIT, "and you feel the pressure sometimes to go along wit

62、h them. " The sentence " If only the rest of his expenses were as easy to quantify."(Paragraph 1 ) implies that____________. A．there are many other unexpected expenses B．it is easy to calculate how much more to spend C．the tuition is too high to be calculated D．he has to pay only a few other

63、expenses 42、All the following expenses are included in the term bill EXCEPT____________. A．health insurance B．sports fees C．recreation fees D．dorm fees 43、According to the passage, many college students____________. A．have to work hard in their studies B．suspend their studies in order to

64、 work C．depend on their families for all the expenses D．a(chǎn)re under great financial pressure 44、The word "cheap" ( Paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to____________. A．inferior in quality B．inexpensive C．unwilling to spend D．valueless 45、From the last paragraph, one may learn that an impor

65、tant reason for the high hidden costs for college students is____________. A．the extremely high prices of daily necessities B．the schools overcharging for campus activities C．the too many expenses the students have to pay D．the pressure of keeping pace with their peers 第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共

66、10分) 下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。 46、根據(jù)材料，完成46-51題。 For the bombings by Tuesday . (47)Bombings and shootings occur almoBomb Explosions in Thailand. The new year celebration in Thailand .was shattered by violence, when nine bombs exploded across Bangkok around midnight. Three Thai citizens were killed and more than 30 injured. Among the injured, six were foreigners. No Chinese casualties were reposed, the Chinese Em