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1、 倒裝句考查重點(diǎn):1.以so / neither / nor / no more開(kāi)頭的倒裝句2. 以only強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)的倒裝句3. 以否定詞開(kāi)頭的倒裝句4. 省略了if的倒裝的虛擬條件從句5. there be存在倒裝句6. as / though引導(dǎo)的倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句7. as 引導(dǎo)的倒裝的原因狀語(yǔ)從句8. so / suchthat引導(dǎo)的程度/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句9.however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句10. 以be開(kāi)頭的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 英語(yǔ)最基本的語(yǔ)序是“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”，這叫作正常語(yǔ)序或自然語(yǔ)序。如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放到主語(yǔ)之前，這就是倒裝。將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完全移至主語(yǔ)之前，就形成全部倒裝；如果只是把助動(dòng)詞 /

2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，這稱為部分倒裝。倒裝的原因有兩個(gè)：語(yǔ)法的需要和修辭的需要。英語(yǔ)倒裝句是歷年英語(yǔ)專四考試的重點(diǎn)之一。對(duì)倒裝句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面。一、以一、以so / neither / nor / no more開(kāi)頭的倒裝句開(kāi)頭的倒裝句 在否定句中，用nor / neither / no more表示前面所否定的情況也適用于另一個(gè) / 些人或物，說(shuō)明另一主語(yǔ)“也不”時(shí)，需用倒裝語(yǔ)序。如：The first one wasnt good and neither was the second.I didnt read the notice on the blackboard, nor

3、 did he. 在肯定句中，常用“so+ be / have / 助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu),說(shuō)明前一句謂語(yǔ)表示的情況也適用于另一個(gè)/些人或物。Society has changed and so have the people in it.Parking is a great problem and so is the traffic in and around cities 如果主語(yǔ)和上一句的主語(yǔ)相同，表示同意對(duì)方的看法，意為“是的；確實(shí)如此”，這時(shí)不用倒裝： John studies very hard. So he does. 二、以二、以only強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)的倒裝句強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)的倒裝句 副詞on

4、ly所強(qiáng)調(diào)的方式狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等位于句首時(shí)，引起部分倒裝。 Only by seizing every minute can we finish the work on time Only then did we realize that the man was blind. Only after three operations was she able to walk without sticks 如果only修飾的詞不是作狀語(yǔ)而是作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子就不用倒裝。如： Only his mother was invited Only some of the boys pass

5、ed the examination三、以否定詞開(kāi)頭的倒裝句三、以否定詞開(kāi)頭的倒裝句 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的否定狀語(yǔ)，常將其置于句首，這時(shí)一般引起部分倒裝。常見(jiàn)的含有否定意義的副詞、連詞或詞組有：at no time,by no means,hardly / scarcely / barely when, few, little, never, no sooner than, not, not until, nowhere, not only but also, on no account, rarely, seldom, under / in no circumstances等。如： Seldom

6、 in all my life have I met such a determined person Hardly had he finished when someone rose to refute his views Little does he care about what others think not only but also 如果連接兩個(gè)句子，則第一個(gè)句子倒裝，第二個(gè)句子不倒裝。如： Not only is the story interesting, but also its English will help us in writing 如果否定詞只否定主語(yǔ)或副詞，就

7、不用倒裝： Hardly anybody believes that Not long ago it rained四、省略了四、省略了if的倒裝的虛擬條件從句的倒裝的虛擬條件從句 在含有were, had, should等詞的虛擬條件從句中，可把連詞if省去，把這三個(gè)詞移至句首，從而形成倒裝。如： Were he here now (= If he were here now), he would tell us what to doHad the management acted sooner, the strike wouldnt have happenedShould it not ra

8、in, the crops would dieWere they to arrive before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party五、五、there be存在倒裝句存在倒裝句 there be表示存在的句子，其后的名詞詞組為主語(yǔ)，從而形成倒裝。如：There must be many shortcomings and errors in that bookThere is a young man waiting for you outside there to be 用在及物動(dòng)詞

9、或介詞for之后；其他情況用there being結(jié)構(gòu)(作主語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、介賓等）。 六、六、 as / though引導(dǎo)的倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的倒裝的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 在 as / though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，位于句首的可以是形容詞、名詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞原形、-ed分詞等。在句首的如果是名詞，不要帶冠詞；但如果名詞前有形容詞修飾，則常常帶冠詞。如：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas have been challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our tim

10、eMuch though he likes her, he does get annoyed with her sometimes. Child as he is, he can ride a horseTired as he was, he worked late into the night七、七、as 引導(dǎo)的倒裝的原因狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的倒裝的原因狀語(yǔ)從句在 as 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句中，有時(shí)把表語(yǔ)提前。它和 as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別，主要根據(jù)句子表達(dá)的意思來(lái)判斷。當(dāng)主句和從句表示相互對(duì)立的關(guān)系時(shí)，是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；當(dāng)主句和從句表示正常的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，是原因狀語(yǔ)從句： The house wa

11、s very quiet, isolated as it was on the side of a mountain Tired as he was, he went to bed early Young as he was, he was not equal to the task八、so / suchthat引導(dǎo)的程度/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 so在句首修飾形容詞或副詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，主句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，后面接that引導(dǎo)的程度/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。 So astonishend was he that he could scarcely contain himself. So loudly did he sp

12、eak that he was heard upstairs. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)名詞詞組的語(yǔ)義作用時(shí)，用作表語(yǔ)的代詞such也可位于句首，形成倒裝，后跟that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句： Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. Such was his anxiety that he couldnt stop trembling.九、九、however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 however為連接副詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其意義和作用相當(dāng)于no matter how, however后面接形容詞或

13、副詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“however+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”： However talented a man may be, the collective will always be wiser and stronger. However cold it is, she always goes swimming.十、以表示“地點(diǎn)”的介詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的倒裝句 當(dāng)句首為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡，或?yàn)榱耸股舷挛你暯泳o密，常使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)： Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. Outside the entrance stood

14、two police officers with guns.十一、以十一、以be開(kāi)頭的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句開(kāi)頭的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 兩種句式：一是“be+主語(yǔ)+or連接的兩個(gè)表語(yǔ)”，相當(dāng)于whetheror: Be he rich or poor (Whether he is rich or poor), Ill marry him all the same. Be he friend or foe, the law regarded him as criminal. 二是“be+主語(yǔ)+ever so +形容詞”，相當(dāng)于no matter how: Be a child ever so clever, if

15、 he doesnt learn, he knows nothing. Be the rain ever so heavy, I must go to see you this afternoon. 英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)考試真題：英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)考試真題：1. A: Mother, you promised to take me out. B: Well, _. (2012) A. so I did B. so did I C. so I do D. so do I2. It is going to be fine tomorrow. _. (2009) A. So is it B. So it is C

16、. So it does D. So does it3. Little _ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger. (2009) A. she cared B. she may care C. may she care D. did she care4. _ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008) A. Much though B. Mu

17、ch as C. As much D. Though much 5. _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. (2005) A. If; had B. Have; had C. Should; have D. In case; had6. _, Ill marry him all the same.(2004) A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or

18、 poor7. _ both sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region. (2004) A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, would8. _, he always tries his best to complete it on time. (1999) A. However the task is hard B. However hard the task is C. Though hard th

19、e task is D. Though hard is the task9._ he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank. (1998) A. Much as B. Much though C. As much D. Though much10. He is not under arrest, _any restriction on him. (1995) A. or the police have placed B. or have the police placed C. nor the

20、 police have placed D. nor have the police placed 11. So badly _ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months. (1994) A. did he injure B. injured him C. was he injured D. he was injured 12. It is not uncommon for there _ problems of communication between the old and the young

21、. (2007) A. being B. would be C. be D. to be13. There used to be a petrol station near the park, _? (2006) A. didnt it B. doesnt there C. usednt it D. didnt there14 . Whats the chance of _ a general election this year? (2005) A. there being B. there to be C. there be D. there going to be15. There _ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (2001) A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be 16 . _ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. (1996) A. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being