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1、I. A Picture Show布達拉宮納木錯雅魯藏布大峽谷珠穆朗瑪峰唐古拉山大昭寺I. A Picture ShowI. A Picture ShowII. Reading materials Tibetan Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism is a form of Mahayana Buddhism大乘佛教 that developed in Tibet and spread to neighboring countries of the Himalayas. Tibetan Buddhism is known for its rich mythology神話and

2、iconography造像造像and for the practice of identifying the reincarnations 重生重生of deceased spiritual masters.發(fā)揮發(fā)揮浸潤浸潤廣泛廣泛II. Argali The argaliargali, or the mountain mountain sheepsheep (species Ovis ammon) is a wild sheep that roams漫步the highlands of Central Asia (Himalaya, Tibet, Altay). Argali are con

3、sidered an endangered or threatened species throughout their entire range, due largely to habitat棲息地loss from overgrazing過度放牧of domestic sheep and hunting.III. Shamanism Shamanism Shamanism involves a practitioner術士術士reaching altered換形換形states of consciousness in order to encounter and interact with

4、 the spirit world and channel these transcendental超自然的energies into this world. A shaman is a person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of benevolent 仁慈的and malevolent惡毒的spirits, who typically enters into a trance state恍惚狀態(tài)恍惚狀態(tài)during a ritual, and practices divination占卜and hea

5、ling.I.Word studyII.Phrases and expressionsIII.Grammar Word studyWord list1.inhospitable 2.formidable 3.windswept 4.incredible 5.archaic 6.enlightened7.fragile 8. imperative9. barren10. hive11. pilgrim12. congregate13. worship14. elaborate15. intimately16. glacier 17. hazardous18. evaporation19.corm

6、orant20. hybrid21. extraordinary22. reverberate23. pacify24. replenish25. auspicious26. retrieve27. thermal28. turmoil29. sulphurous30. thrive Word study1.inhospitable1.inhospitable ,nhnhspspt tb b( ()l)ladj. 荒涼的；冷淡的，不好客的；不適居留的adv. inhospitably 冷淡地；荒涼地 n.inhospitality 冷淡；不好客inhospitable Groundinhosp

7、itable Ground 荒涼之地inhospitable terraininhospitable terrain 不適合人居住的地帶inhospitable placeinhospitable place 不適合居住的地方e.g. I like long journeys to inhospitableinhospitable parts of the world.我喜歡長途跋涉去世界上荒涼的地方。Word study2.formidable 2.formidable f f:m:md dbl bl adj.難以對付的；令人敬畏的adv. formidably 強大地；難對付地；可怕地同義

8、詞：awesome；frighteninge.g. Theres no formidable obstacles in the world.世上沒有無法逾越的障礙Word study3.windswept 3.windswept w wndsweptndsweptadj.adj.風刮的，被風吹掃的，暴露在風中的同義詞：同義詞：windywindye.g. The landscape was windsweptwindswept andbare.那片土地被風吹得光禿禿的。Word study4.incredible 4.incredible n nkredkredblbladj.adj.不可思議

9、的；驚人的；難以置信的；未必可能的incrediblyincredibly 難以置信地；非常地n.incredibilityincredibility 不能相信；不可信的事物e.g. It sounded incredible in common.乍一聽來， 簡直不可思議。Their father was incredibly good-looking.他們的父親十分英俊。Word study5.archaic :5.archaic :kekekkadj.adj.古代的；過時的，陳舊的；古體的；古色古香的archaic wordarchaic word 古詞 ; 古英語詞 ; 古語詞同義詞：a

10、ncientancient , , oldolde.g. e.g. But this archaicarchaic system may be poised to change.但這個古老的系統(tǒng)有可能被改變。Word study6.enlightened 6.enlightened n nlalatndtndadj.adj.開明的；有知識的；有見識的；進步的v.v.啟發(fā)；開導adj.enlighteningenlightening 使人領悟的；有啟發(fā)作用的n.enlightenmentenlightenment 啟迪；啟蒙運動；教化vt.enlightenenlighten 啟發(fā)，啟蒙；教導，

11、開導；照耀an enlightened policy.開明政策e.g. e.g. More enlightenedenlightened officials knowthat.一些較為開明的中國官員明白這一點。Word study7.fragile frd7.fragile frda all adj.adj.易碎的，脆的；虛弱的The fragile environment 脆弱的環(huán)境fragile goodsfragile goods 易碎貨物 ; 易碎商品 ; 易碎品 ; 屬于易碎品e.g. They are fragilefragile and need tender loving ca

12、re.它脆弱易碎，需要精心溫柔的呵護n. Fragility Fragility 脆弱；力 易碎性；虛弱Word study8. imperative 8. imperative mpermpert tvvadj.adj.必要的，不可避免的；命令的，專橫的 n.n.必要的事；命令；規(guī)則imperativelyimperatively 命令式地n.imperativenessimperativeness 命令式之事e.g.It is imperativeimperative that we quantify and value the ecosystem services provided by

13、 the ocean.我們對海洋所提供的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務的量化和評價是非常必要的。Word study9. barren br9. barren brnnadj.adj.貧瘠的；不結果實的；不孕的n.n.荒原，不毛之地barren rockbarren rock 無油氣的巖層 ; 無礦巖 ; 廢石 ; 空白巖石barren landbarren land 不毛之地 ; 瘠地 ; 荒地 ; 棒球同義詞：同義詞：fruitless; sterile反義詞反義詞: : rich; fertileWhen Europeans arrived in 1722, they found the island m

14、ostly barrenbarren . 當歐洲人1722年到達該島時，發(fā)現它已經相當貧瘠.Word study10. hive ha10. hive havvn.n.蜂箱；蜂巢；蜂群；喧鬧地區(qū)vi.vi.（蜂）進入蜂箱；聚居hive off 從團體中分離出來e.g.A marked bee fed itself from the dish and returned to the hivehive.一只做了標記的蜜蜂從盤中喂飽自己以后就飛回蜂箱了。Word study11. pilgrim p11. pilgrim plrlrmmn.n.香客，朝圣者；旅行者；追尋者；v.v.朝圣，參拜圣地；流

15、浪n.pilgrimagepilgrimage 漫游；朝圣之行vi.pilgrimagepilgrimage 朝拜；漫游同義詞：worshipper; newcomerJohn worried about the pilgrimpilgrim family.約翰擔心朝圣者一家Word study12. congregate k12. congregate krreettvt.& vi.使集合，聚集n. congregation n. congregation 集會；集合；圣會同義詞：同義詞：assemble, meetPeople congregatecongregate outside th

16、e stores.人們聚集在商店外面。Word study13. worship w13. worship w: :ppvt.vt.崇拜，尊崇；愛慕worshipfulworshipful 崇拜的，虔誠的；尊貴的；尊敬的n.worshipperworshipper 崇拜者；禮拜者；愛慕者worshiperworshiper 崇拜者；禮拜者（等于worshipper）同義詞：honor；admire；反義詞：contemptThere must be no worshipworship of the masses.但不能對群眾有絲毫膜拜之意。Word study14. elaborate 14.

17、 elaborate lblbrerettvt.vt.詳細制定；詳盡闡述；elaborate planelaborate plan 細密的計劃 ; 細密的打算 ; 細密的 ;adv.elaboratelyelaborately 精巧地；苦心經營地n.elaborationelaboration 苦心經營，精巧；詳細闡述elaboratenesselaborateness 盡心竭力Can you elaborateelaborate on that?您能詳細闡述一下嗎elaboratelyelaboratelyIt was clearly an elaborately planned opera

18、tion.那顯然是一次精心策劃的行動Word study15. intimately 15. intimately ntntm mtltl adv.adv.熟悉地；親密地；私下地；諳熟地Intimately yoursIntimately yours 親密愛人n. Intimacy adj. intimateGod deeply desires that we know himintimatelyintimately.神深切地想要我們親密地認識它。Word study16. glacier ls16. glacier ls(r)(r) n.n.冰河，冰川同義詞： icebergadj.glac

19、ialglacial 冰的；冰冷的；冰河時代的adv.glaciallyglacially 冰川地n.glaciationglaciation 地質 冰川作用；凍結成冰vt.glaciateglaciate 使冰凍；被冰凍蓋；使受冰川作用This is a rock glacierglacier rather than anicefield.這是一個巖石冰川而并非是一個冰原。Word study17. hazardous hz17. hazardous hzd dssadj.adj.冒險的；有危險的；碰運氣的n.hazardhazard 危險，冒險；冒險的事hazardous areahaza

20、rdous area 危險區(qū)；危險場地hazardous goodshazardous goods 危險品My other job was less hazardoushazardous butmore interesting.我另外的那個工作不像這個工作這么冒險，但更加有趣。Word study18. evaporation 18. evaporation vpvprerennn.n.蒸發(fā)，發(fā)散；消失；汽化；蒸發(fā)法v. Evaporatev. Evaporateevaporativeevaporative 蒸發(fā)的，成為蒸氣的evaporableevaporable 易蒸發(fā)性的；易揮發(fā)的Hig

21、h temperatures also result in high evaporation from the plants.高溫也導致了植物水分的大量蒸發(fā)。Word study19.cormorant k19.cormorant k:m:mr rntntn.n.鸕鶿，貪婪的人adj.adj.貪婪的The fisherman taught us the art ofcormorantcormorant fishing.漁夫教導我們鸕鶿捕魚的藝術。 Word study20. hybrid ha20. hybrid habrbrddn.n.雜種；雜交生成的生物體；混合物；adj.adj.混合的；

22、雜種的hybridizehybridize 使雜交；混合生成hybrid ricehybrid rice 雜交稻；雜種稻a hybrid of solid and liquid fuel.固體和液體燃料的混合物Word study21. extraordinary 21. extraordinary k kstrstrdnridnriadj.adj.非凡的，特別的；意外的，離奇的；臨時的，特派的；不尋常adv.extraordinarilyextraordinarily 非常；格外地；非凡地n.extraordinarinessextraordinariness 格外Film is an ex

23、traordinaryextraordinary medium.電影是不同尋常的媒介Word study22. reverberate r22. reverberate rvv:b:brerettvi.vi.回響；彈回；反射n. reverberation 混響；反射；反響；回響adj.reverberantreverberant 回響的；反射的；起回聲的A womans shrill laughter reverberated in the courtyard.一個女人的尖笑聲在院子里回蕩Word study23. pacify ps23. pacify psfafa vt.vt.使（某人）

24、安靜；息怒；撫慰pacificationpacification.the pacification of the country.對國家的平定If only theyd had the internet to pacipacifyfy them.如果他們要是有互聯網就會讓他們平靜下來。Word study24. replenish r24. replenish rplenplen vt.vt.補充；重新裝滿；把裝滿；replenish withreplenish with 再裝滿replenishmentreplenishment 補充，補給We have to depend on the f

25、ish to replenreplenishish themselves.我們需要依靠魚本身繁殖來補充魚的數量反義詞 exhaust同義詞vt.vt. 提供;供給provideWord study25. auspicious 25. auspicious : :spspss adj.adj.有前途的；有希望的；有利的；吉利的auspicious dayauspicious day 好日子；吉日良辰；黃道吉日Dragon years are traditionally powerful and auspiciousauspicious.龍年在傳統(tǒng)意義上是蓬勃而吉利的。同義詞adj.adj. 1.

26、好兆頭的;幸運的promisingWord study26. retrieve r26. retrieve rtri:vtri:vvt.vt.取回；恢復；計檢索；重新得到adj.retrievableretrievable 可取回的；可補償的；可檢索的n.retrievalretrieval 檢索；恢復；取回；拯救He is the one man who could retrieve that situation.他是唯一能挽回局面的人Word study27. thermal 27. thermal :m:mlladj.adj.熱的，保熱的；溫熱的n.n.上升的暖氣流adj.thermic

27、thermic 熱的；由熱造成的；熱量的ThermalsThermals 保暖衣；防寒服Have you got your thermals on?你穿保暖衣了嗎？Word study28. turmoil 28. turmoil t t:m:mlln.n.混亂；焦慮Your mind is in such a turmoil you do not know what you are saying.你心煩意亂，根本不知道自己在說什么。同義詞：turbulenceWord study29. sulphurous s29. sulphurous slflfr rssadj.adj.硫磺的，含有硫磺

28、的adj.sulphuricsulphuric 硫磺的；含多量硫磺的n.sulphursulphur 硫磺；硫磺色a sulphurous spring.硫黃泉Word study30. thrive 30. thrive raravvvi.vi.興盛，興隆；長得健壯；茁壯成長adj.thrivingthriving 繁榮的；蒸蒸日上的；旺盛的Given the opportunity they can thrivethrivejust like anyone else.只要有機會，他們也可以像其他人一樣成功。Phrases and expressions List:1.a tuft of 2

29、.descend from3.track down4.be studded with5.be imbued withPhrases and expressions a tuft of grassa tuft of grass 一叢草地a tuft of bearda tuft of beard 一撮胡子We saw a rabbit on a tuft ofa tuft of grass.我們看見在一簇草中有一只兔子。 Phrases and expressions 2. descend from 2. descend from 從從下來；由下來；由傳留傳留下來下來Be careful whe

30、n you descend fromdescend from the ladder.從梯子上下來時一定要小心。According to the bible, we is all descedescend fromnd from adam.據圣經所載，我們全是亞當的后裔。Phrases and expressions 3. track down3. track down追捕到；追尋；查獲追捕到；追尋；查獲She had spent years trying to track down her parents.她已經花了好多年時間試圖追尋父母的下落I dont know where that ol

31、d story came from, Ive never been able to track it down.我不知道這則舊傳聞的出處，我從來沒能考證出結果。Phrases and expressions 4. be studded with4. be studded with點綴著點綴著In the future, artificial skin could bebe studded with studded with sensors that respond to chemicals, biological agents, temperature,humidity, radioactiv

32、ity or pollutants.在未來，人造皮膚將會被鑲上針對化學、生物制劑、溫度、適度、放射性、污染物等刺激的感知器。Phrases and expressions 5. be imbued with v.5. be imbued with v.充滿；滿懷充滿；滿懷Leader should be selfless and be imbuedbe imbued with with the spirit of sacrifice.領導者放棄私心并懷持犧牲精神。One who wishes to attain a whole personality ought to be honest, f

33、aithful, sincere and to be imbued withbe imbued with other finevirtues.一個人要達成完美品格的人，必須具備忠厚、忠信、忠直以及誠心、誠意的品格。分數是由基數詞和序數詞一起組成。三分之一 one third三分之二 two thirdsBut its not just wildlife that But its not just wildlife that values Tibets lakes and seas. Their values Tibets lakes and seas. Their life-giving waters are also important life-giving waters are also important to people.to people.強調句結構：it is +強調成分+that原句：not just wildlife values tibets lakes and seas., , 生僻古代的文明的瑪旁雍措湖瑪旁雍措湖, , 內容禱文禱文回響回響, , 不適合居住的主要地, , 褶皺令人困惑的令人困惑的_神出鬼沒神出鬼沒, , 液壓活塞彈射地形地形, , 必要的事可怕的可怕的磁鐵繁殖斑頭雁難捉摸的IV. Translation