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1、 Unit 4 Earthquakes Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2017河北省冀州中學高三年級考試) The Healthy Habits Survey(調查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice. 1．How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday? Finding: A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth o

2、nly once a day. Step: Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a batteryoperated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day. 2．How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday? Finding: Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nea

3、rly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend. Step: We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day—often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot run

4、ning water and soap for 20 seconds. 3．How often do you think about fighting germs? Finding: Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should. Step: Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海綿) that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these ge

5、rms, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds. 1．What is found out about American seniors? A．Most of them have good habits. B．Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week. C．All of them are fighting germs better than expected. D．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.

6、2．Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands ________. A．twice a day B．three times a day C．four times a day D．eight times a day 3．Which of the following is true according to the text? A．We should keep from touching our faces. B．There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.

7、 C．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet. D．We should wash our hands before touching a door handle. 4．The text probably comes from ________. A．a guide book B．a popular magazine C．a book review D．an official document 答案與解析 本文為說明文。文章介紹的是一個對美國老年人健康習慣調查的結果以及專家給出的對策。 1．D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章

8、開頭部分可知，多數(shù)美國老年人沒有好的習慣，故A項錯誤；30%的美國老年人每天洗手四次，而不是每周洗澡三天，故B項錯誤；根據(jù)第三個問題下Finding中的內容“Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.”可知C項錯誤。根據(jù)第一個問題下Finding中的內容“A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.”可知D項表述正確。 2．D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個問題下Finding中的“And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 time

9、s a day — half of the number doctors recommend.”可知，每天洗手四次只是醫(yī)生建議的一半，由此可知，醫(yī)生建議的次數(shù)是每天八次。故選D。 3．C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個問題下Step內容中的“Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海綿) that can carry more germs than anything else？”可知C項正確。 4．B　文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文顯然不是書評(a book review)，也不是政府文件(an official doc

10、ument)。A項有較強的干擾性，但本文主要是面向公眾的日常知識普及，而不是生活指導。故選B。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2017內蒙古赤峰二中月考) While going through life with the pursuit of money on our mind, were often told that money cant buy happiness. But what truth is there in the saying? Is there a relation between money and happiness? __1__ Humans are very sensi

11、tive to change. When we get a rise, we really enjoy it. But some studies have shown that in North America, additional income beyond 75,000 dollars a year stops impacting daytoday happiness. __2__They often end up spending all the money, going into debt, and experience ruined social relationships. S

12、o surely money cant really buy happiness. Well, recent studies suggest that the problem may actually be in the way that we spend money.__3__ Studies show that people who spend their money on others feel happier. As for the people who spend money on themselves, their happiness is unchanged. __4__ On

13、e experiment showed that instead of an organization writing a large check to a charity, dividing the amount up among employees, allowing them to contribute to a charity of their choice, increased their job satisfaction. Similarly, individuals that spend money on each other, as opposed to themselves,

14、 not only increase job satisfaction, but improve the team performance. __5__ Interestingly, the specific way money is spent on others isnt important. Spending something on others is the important aspect of increasing your happiness. A．The same principle has been tested on teams and organizations a

15、s well. B．Money has more effect on the vast majority of people in the long run. C．Instead of buying things for yourself, try giving some of it to other people and see how you feel. D．And if so, how can we use it to our advantage? E．Almost everywhere we look in the world, we see that giving money

16、 to others is positively related to happiness. F．And while youre saving up for these greatest experiences, dont forget the daily joys in life. G．In fact, people who win a lottery often report becoming extremely unhappy. 答案與解析 這篇文章探討金錢和幸福的關系。 1．D　考查對上下文語境的理解?？涨暗囊馑际牵旱@個說法有何真理？金錢和幸福之間有關連性嗎？這里選D(而

17、若有的話，我們該如何善加利用它呢？)與上下文一致。 2．G　考查對上下文語境的理解?？涨暗囊馑际牵阂恍┭芯匡@示，在北美，一年超過75,000美元的額外收入不再影響每天的幸福。所以這里選G(事實上，贏彩票的人往往變得極度不快樂)與上下文一致。 3．C　考查對上下文語境的理解?？涨暗囊馑际牵翰贿^，最近的研究認為這問題事實上可能在于我們花錢的方式上?？蘸缶湟猓貉芯匡@示把錢花在別人身上的人感覺比較幸福。所以這里選C(與其買東西給你自己，不如試著把一些錢分給其他人，看看你的感受如何)與上下文一致。 4．A　考查對上下文語境的理解?？蘸蟮囊馑迹阂豁棇嶒烇@示，與其公司組織寫張巨額支票給慈善團體，不如把

18、那金額在員工之間均分，讓他們捐給自己選擇的慈善團體，提升他們的工作滿意度。所以這里選A(同樣的原理也已在團隊跟公司組織中測試過)與上下文一致。 5．E　考查對上下文語境的理解。空后句意：有趣的是，錢以什么特定方式花在別人身上并不重要?；ㄐ╁X在別人身上是提升你幸福感的重要方面。所以這里選E(我們在世界上探究幾乎每個地方，發(fā)現(xiàn)給予別人金錢或禮物和幸福感是正面相關連的)與上下文一致。 Ⅲ.語法填空 (2016全國卷Ⅱ) If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and ident

19、ify (識別) those of __1__ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of __2__ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __3__ (be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused __4__ our tasks in the morning than we are later

20、in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive __5__ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent __6__ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks __7__ (

21、regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for __8__ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely __9__ (bring) your work home. It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever

22、 it is, __10__ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 答案與解析 本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了處理工作壓力的方法。 1．greater　考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)空格后的“and less importance”可知，此處應用 great的比較級形式與“l(fā)ess”并列。故填greater。 2．achievement　考查詞性轉換。根據(jù)空格前的“a real sense of”可知，空格處應用 achieve的名詞形式。故填achievemen

23、t。 3．is　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)本句的主語“Leaving the less important things”可知，謂語動詞應用單數(shù)；本句是在客觀陳述一件事，所以應用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is。 4．on　考查介詞。focus on是固定短語，意為“集中于……”，符合語境。故填on。 5．as　考查固定句式。as...as possible是固定句式，意為“盡可能……”，符合語境。故填as。 6．studies　考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)語境及謂語動詞“show”可知，study在句中是名詞，且應用復數(shù)形式。故填studies。 7．regularly　考查詞性轉換。此處應用reg

24、ular的副詞形式修飾動詞短語“take short breaks”。故填regularly。 8．a　考查冠詞。for a while是固定短語，意為“暫時，一會兒”，符合語境。故填冠詞a。 9．to bring　考查固定句式。sb. is likely to do sth.是固定句式，意為“某人有可能會做某事”。故填to bring。 10．make　考查祈使句。根據(jù)“whatever it is”可知，本句是一個讓步狀語從句，所以應用“make”的原形在句中作謂語，構成祈使句。故填make。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 (2017青海師大附中月考) In the morning of No

25、vember 18th, 1755, an earthquake shook Boston. John, professor in Harvard college felt a quake and woke up and found to be fifteen minutes past four. He hurried to downstairs to the clock. It had stopped three minutes ago. Except to stopping the clock, the quake had only thrown a key from the mantel

26、 (壁爐架)to the floor. The clock had stopped because John put some long glass tube he was using for an experiment into the case for safekeeping. The quake had been knocked the tubes over and blocked the pendulum(鐘擺). So John had the exactly time of the earthquake. 答案 the morning of November 18th, 1

27、755, an earthquake shook Boston. John, professor in Harvard college felt quake and woke up and found to be fifteen minutes past four. He hurried downstairs to the clock. It had stopped three minutes . Except stopping the clock, the quake had only thrown a key from the mantel (壁爐架)to the floor. T

28、he clock had stopped because John put some long glass he was using for an experiment into the case for safekeeping. The quake had been knocked the tubes over and blocked the pendulum(鐘擺). So John had the time of the earthquake. Ⅴ.書面表達 近年來全球極端氣候和重大自然災害越來越頻繁，其中很大一部分原因是人類活動。China Daily舉行征文活動，警示人們

29、要保護環(huán)境。請你寫一篇短文，參加征文活動。 注意： 1. 要列舉極端氣候或自然災害及其造成的影響； 2. 分析原因； 3. 呼吁人們關愛地球，保護環(huán)境。 詞數(shù)：100～120。 ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _______________________

30、_____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 答案 Over the past years, there have been frequent extreme weather and natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, snowstorms, earthquake

31、s and so on. These have killed millions of people and destroyed countless homes. Improper human activities contribute a lot to those disasters. We have cut down too many trees, badly polluted the environment, and wasted plenty of resources. What we do is threatening human survival and development.

32、 So it is high time that we protected our environment. We should plant more trees, reduce the use of vehicles, and save resources like water and electricity. Everyone can make a difference to the environment. Only if we stop damaging the earth and do our best to protect it can we make the world a pleasant place to live in. 6EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F375