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1、 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2017河北省冀州中學(xué)高三年級考試) Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for. We do know, however, that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia. The oldest known transp

2、ort wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia. It is over 5,100 years old. Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didnt become popular for a while, though. This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around. But it could also be because of a diffi

3、cult situation. While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces, roads with smooth surfaces werent going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them. Eventually, road surfaces did become smoother, but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later. There had been no impor

4、tant changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design. In the mid1700s, a Frenchman came up with a new design of road—a base layer (層) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong, lasting road

5、surface became a reality. At around the same lime, metal hubs (the central part of a wheel) came into being, followed by the wheels that were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmac roads (柏油路). As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster. 1．What might explain why

6、transport wheels didnt become popular for some time? A．Few knew how to use transport wheels. B．Humans carried farming tools just as well. C．Animals were a good means of transport. D．The existence of transport wheels was not known. 2．What do we know about road design from the passage? A．It was

7、easier than wheel design. B．It improved after big changes in vehicle design. C．It was promoted by fastmoving vehicles. D．It provided conditions for wheel design to develop. 3．How is the last paragraph mainly developed? A．By giving examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By following time order.

8、 D．By making classifications. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The beginning of road design. B．The development of transport wheels. C．The history of public transport. D．The invention of fastmoving vehicles. 答案與解析 輪子是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的呢？最早的用途又是什么呢？這些問題無人能回答。但是我們知道，輪子存在的時(shí)間已經(jīng)超過5 500年。 1．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

9、由第二段第四句“This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.”可知，動(dòng)物在運(yùn)載農(nóng)具和人這一方面起了很重要的作用，這是輪子一時(shí)沒有流行的原因。 2．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句“There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.”可知，在現(xiàn)代的道路設(shè)計(jì)之前，輪子和車輛的設(shè)計(jì)是沒有重

10、大變化的。故D項(xiàng)“道路設(shè)計(jì)為輪子設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)展提供了條件”正確。 3．C　文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)第四段中的“mid1700s” “1820s” “1967”可知，整個(gè)段落是按時(shí)間順序展開說明的。 4．B　主旨大意題。由文章全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段可知，本文主要介紹了輪子的發(fā)展，所以B項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2017永安、連城、華安、漳平、泉港、龍海聯(lián)考) How to Make Friends Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has

11、 many benefits. It offers companionship, improves selfworth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. __1__ But for many of us the process is difficult and

12、requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends. 1. Associate with others. The first step to make friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active membe

13、r of such places. 2. Start a conversation. Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. __2__ You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talks is a very useful skill in relating with other people. 3．__3__ Choosing friends with common inte

14、rests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience. 4. Let it grow. It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this woul

15、d likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. __4__ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. 5. Enjoy your friendship. The best way to enjoy friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. __5__ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want

16、 them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you. A．For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. B．Do things together. C．Making new friends comes easy for some people. D．Do not wait to be spoken to. E．Try not to find fault with your friends. F．Be cheerfu

17、l. G．So you will need to give your friend time to react to you. 答案與解析 友誼在人際關(guān)系中是非常重要的，如何與人成為朋友呢？本文提出一些建議。 1．C　根據(jù)后面的“But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.”可知前面說的是這個(gè)過程對一些人來說很容易。所以選C。 2．D　由后面的“You can always start the conversation.”可知，你可以開始一段對話，所以前面應(yīng)該是不要等著別人先和你說話。 3．B　根

18、據(jù)后面的“as these interests would always bring you and your friend together.”可知選B項(xiàng)。 4．G　前面說不要通過電話、短信或親自拜訪的方式給你的朋友施加壓力，因?yàn)檫@可能會(huì)使對方疲憊不堪，最后你會(huì)失去友誼，因此你要給你的朋友時(shí)間，讓他來回應(yīng)你。 5．E　前面一句說要允許你的朋友們做他們自己，也就是不要對朋友太挑剔。故選E。 Ⅲ.語法填空 (2017貴州省凱里市第一中學(xué)月考) Many years ago，there was a family __1__ (name)Franklin.They lived in Bos

19、ton.There were five girls and six boys in the family.On __2__ January day in 1706 another baby was born. The boys mother and her husband gave the boy name—Benjamin. Benjamin was the __3__ (clever)of all the children.He could read __4__ he was five and he could write when he was seven.The next yea

20、r his parents sent him __5__ school. In school Benjamin was good at reading and writing, but not good at maths.He read all of his fathers books. And when he had money，he always went to buy books.They told him how to do something.The boy liked to use his head and tried to find ways to help people e

21、njoy life more.For example，he tried to know if there was some way to swim farther，maybe with something on his hands or __6__ (foot). __7__ (slow)，a picture of __8__ (swim)shoes，or paddles，grew in his mind.The paddles must be neither too big __9__ too small.And they must be neither heavy nor light.

22、At last he __10__ (invent)the paddle for swimming. 答案與解析 本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了本杰明富蘭克林。 1．named　考查動(dòng)詞。句意：許多年以前，有一個(gè)叫富蘭克林的一家人。此處named作family的后置定語。 2．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。句意：在1706年一月的某一天，他們的另外一個(gè)孩子出生了。此處a表示“某一……”。 3．cleverest　考查形容詞最高級。句意：本杰明是所有孩子中最聰明的一個(gè)。故用cleverest。 4．when　考查時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：五歲時(shí)他就能閱讀。此處when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示 “當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。

23、 5．to　考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：第二年父母就把他送到了學(xué)校。send...to... “把某人送往某處”。 6．feet　考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。前文on his hands中名詞為復(fù)數(shù)，前后對等，所以此處用 feet。 7．Slowly　考查副詞。句意：慢慢地，一雙游泳鞋的圖畫在他的手中誕生。此處Slowly作狀語。 8．swimming　考查形容詞。修飾名詞shoes，要用形容詞swimming。 9．nor　考查副詞。句意：這雙鞋既不大也不小。neither...nor... “既不……也不……”。 10．invented　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：最后他發(fā)明了游泳漿。此處指過去，故用一般

24、過去時(shí)invented。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) (2017拉薩中學(xué)月考) When I first learned to write in English, I run into many difficulties. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese but tried to translate everything into Chinese. My teacher advised me to keep diaries. I followed her advice. Happily it worked. Soon I

25、 began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a short story and showed to my teacher. She liked it very much that she read it to the class. Everyone said the story was the good one. I was great encouraged by their words. 答案 Ⅴ.書面表達(dá) (20

26、17郴州市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測) 假定你是李華，高考(College Entrance Examination)后想去美國旅行20天，主要想更多地了解當(dāng)?shù)匚幕土?xí)俗。給你的美國朋友Jason寫信，請他根據(jù)你的時(shí)間和旅行目的對你附件中的行程(itinerary)進(jìn)行一些修改。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．信的格式已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Jason， _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

27、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

28、_ Yours， Li Hua 答案 Dear_Jason， My high school is over at last! I am planning to travel around America for 20 days after the College Entrance Examination, hoping to learn more about the local culture and custom. Since I have never been there before and only got some information from the Interne

29、t, I am writing to ask you to do me a favor. Considering my travelling time and purposes, I wonder if you can make some changes to my itinerary in the attachment so that my trip can turn out more colorful and practical. After all, you know what suits me best. I am looking forward to your reply and seeing you soon in America. Yours， Li_Hua_ 我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，需要轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，改變粗放式增長模式，不斷優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化，推動(dòng)城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化因：我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展還面臨區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡、城鎮(zhèn)化水平不高、城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡不協(xié)調(diào)等現(xiàn)實(shí)挑戰(zhàn)。