喜歡這套資料就充值下載吧。資源目錄里展示的都可在線預(yù)覽哦。下載后都有，請(qǐng)放心下載，文件全都包含在內(nèi)，有疑問(wèn)咨詢QQ:414951605 或 1304139763 學(xué)院 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開(kāi)題報(bào)告 題 目 足部按摩器 作者姓名 學(xué)號(hào) 所學(xué)專業(yè) 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 1、 研究的意義：千里之行始于足下，可見(jiàn)腳是我們身體十分重要的一部分。隨著生活水平的提高，人們對(duì)足部的保養(yǎng)也越來(lái)越重視，足部按摩器的研究也就應(yīng)運(yùn)而生了。 2、 國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀、存在問(wèn)題：目前市面上的足部按摩器主要有滾輪式足底按摩器、平板式足底按摩器、盆式足底按摩器等。 （1）滾輪式足底按摩器：這類型的按摩器的主體結(jié)構(gòu)是將數(shù)根滾輪固定在一個(gè)支架上，使用時(shí)把腳底踩在滾輪上來(lái)回滾動(dòng)，通過(guò)凸起的滾輪對(duì)腳底的穴位進(jìn)行按摩，使腳部達(dá)到一個(gè)保健的效果。這種按摩器結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，易于制作，同時(shí)價(jià)格也便宜，便于操作，容易走進(jìn)大眾。 這種足部按摩器的不足也是顯而易見(jiàn)的：過(guò)于單一的結(jié)構(gòu)決定著其功能的單一性，滿足不了對(duì)足部按摩有較高需求的人群。 （2）平板式足底按摩器：這類型的按摩器形式多樣，有仿鵝卵石路面純物理按壓型、及其強(qiáng)化版的可震動(dòng)按摩型、旋轉(zhuǎn)揉壓型；利用低頻脈沖仿針灸刺激型；這類型的足部按摩器技術(shù)含量較高，有較好的按摩效果。其缺點(diǎn)：較前一類型價(jià)格稍高，對(duì)按摩穴位的精準(zhǔn)度把握不夠，不能對(duì)各種大小的腳型匹配。 （3）盆式足底按摩器：這類按摩器的結(jié)構(gòu)最為復(fù)雜，可以說(shuō)是繼承了我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)熱水泡腳的好習(xí)慣，達(dá)到了一個(gè)新的高度。此類按摩器設(shè)有空腔按摩頭，鏈接供水管，通過(guò)電對(duì)水加熱，同時(shí)通過(guò)水的流動(dòng)沖擊腳部穴位，達(dá)到按摩的效果。 3、 研究目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容和擬解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題： 隨著按摩器材的不斷更新，按摩器的市場(chǎng)也在無(wú)聲中繁榮著。在分析市場(chǎng)發(fā)展變化、需求的情況下，將上述不同種類足部按摩器的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合，一款滿足消費(fèi)者需求、體現(xiàn)消費(fèi)者品味的新型按摩器在眾人的渴望下誕生便成為一種必然。 根據(jù)前面的調(diào)查，擬出三項(xiàng)足部按摩器發(fā)張趨勢(shì)，研究方向 （1） 功能多樣化，設(shè)計(jì)以人為本 （2） 造型更美觀，做工精細(xì)化 （3） 節(jié)能環(huán)保，綠色健康 4、 特色與創(chuàng)新之處: （1）按摩器的造型問(wèn)題：由于此款按摩器是針對(duì)家用市場(chǎng)設(shè)計(jì)的，因此它的設(shè)計(jì)在造型、功能上應(yīng)該以追求簡(jiǎn)約、實(shí)用、品味為前提。滿足使用者對(duì)產(chǎn)品的功能需求以及心理需求。? （2）材料使用問(wèn)題：尋求一種環(huán)保材料，不會(huì)對(duì)人體有害，為中國(guó)的環(huán)保事業(yè)添磚加瓦；并且能夠達(dá)到使用需求，不易老化，強(qiáng)度好，有更加的耐磨、耐刻劃、耐高溫性能等等。? （3）操作方式問(wèn)題：操作方式不宜復(fù)雜化，盡量簡(jiǎn)潔、易懂。? （4）無(wú)障礙設(shè)計(jì)：采用了大圖標(biāo)，操作更方便，適合各個(gè)年齡段人群。 5、 擬采取的研究方法： （1）在對(duì)按摩器造型的設(shè)計(jì)上，由于挈機(jī)的及時(shí)把握，市場(chǎng)上目前產(chǎn)品的種類還不多，這就給予了我大的造型空間，而又由于它使用明確的針對(duì)性，既要使其能夠發(fā)揮作用，又要達(dá)到美觀的效果。所以在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中運(yùn)用黃金分割比、平面構(gòu)成、產(chǎn)品形態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)等工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)造型知識(shí)構(gòu)思新產(chǎn)品的造型，是個(gè)很好的出發(fā)點(diǎn)。? （2）作為一款保健器材，足部按摩器不可避免的要與人的身體接觸。而且屬于電器，安全問(wèn)題就是重中之重，在材料等方面更要考慮周詳。? （3）研究該產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)所需要的技術(shù)指標(biāo)。例如使用壽命、加工工藝等。? （4）考慮環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題，在材料的選用上，在滿足材料性能的基礎(chǔ)上，采用環(huán)保的對(duì)人體不產(chǎn)生危害的材料，同時(shí)注意新材料在工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用，意識(shí)到造型材料與工藝對(duì)工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的相互促進(jìn)作用。 6、 擬使用的主要步驟、技術(shù)路線：? （1）通過(guò)市場(chǎng)調(diào)研，對(duì)現(xiàn)在足部按摩器市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行分析調(diào)查，研究足部按摩器發(fā)展趨勢(shì)、消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)趨向、足部按摩器的現(xiàn)況與市場(chǎng)前景，再參考外觀造型設(shè)計(jì)、設(shè)計(jì)心理學(xué)、語(yǔ)言、色彩、構(gòu)成、形式的感性知識(shí)和理論知識(shí)推出設(shè)計(jì)方案的概念。? （2）設(shè)計(jì)方案：畫出初步設(shè)計(jì)方案草圖，對(duì)初步設(shè)計(jì)概念進(jìn)行分析、篩選、比較，確定最終的最佳設(shè)計(jì)方案，將最終設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行深入到計(jì)算機(jī)輔助三維造型和細(xì)部結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。電腦輸出三維效果圖，零件圖、工程圖。其中用到Pro/E三維設(shè)計(jì)軟件，構(gòu)建計(jì)算機(jī)輔助三維模型。用Pro/E或AutoCAD設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品的二維尺寸圖。最后進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品效果渲染。? （3）采用手工，在相關(guān)模型制作工具的輔助下，進(jìn)行仿真工作模型制作。參考工藝參數(shù)、材料性能等進(jìn)行加工。 7、參考文獻(xiàn) [1]高巖.工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)材料與表面處理[M].國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社.2005.8 [2]張凌浩.產(chǎn)品的語(yǔ)意[M].?機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.2001.07 [3]羅仕鑒、朱上上、孫守遷.人機(jī)界面設(shè)計(jì)[M].?機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.2002.09 3 英文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯 英文： Massage for family development, using and maintenance The utility model for the foot massage is an ideal plantar physiotherapy device. The existing technology, the foot massage and large there are three: First of massage, and the other is foot thorn round, and the third is mechanical vibration. One of massage with massage accurate, the advantages of moderate intensity, but requested massage personnel to have high professional quality, at the same time, but also in the implementation of special occasions, for most people, this is inconvenient; porters riding round is a thorn Thorns with the wheel, riding in the soles of the feet, legs back and forth through the learning campaign to reach the foot massage, this has not targeted massage, massage intensity difficult to grasp, and mechanical vibration massage mainly targeted at the lower limbs of human activities, the plantar Massage basically no role. This new type of foot massage to overcome the thorn round, mechanical vibration, and other technical deficiencies in the use of mechanical massage top dynamic simulation. This device is accurate to write, massage moderate intensity, smaller, self-respect light, easy-to-use features, suitable for sitting, Yang-two position in the massage. 1. A medical device is based on the principle through the foot massage A medical device is based on the principle Through the foot massage to stimulate the reflex zones, promoting blood circulation smooth, clear the obstacles to human energy channels and enhance the endocrine balance, and promote organ, location and function of the organ systems of coordination, so as to play a natural healing ability of the human body To treatment and health effects. 2. Devices on the composition and working principle 2.1 with a foot massage from the main motor take the initiative to gear, intermediate gear, driven gear, driven gear shaft, protruding disc, foot pedal, a massage par. 2.2 The principle of the electrical power after the slowdown spread to take the initiative to gear shaft, gear and take the initiative to promote two intermediate gears were driven gear so that the protruding disc rotation. - Long massage on the drive-through massage, through the axial adjustment driven gear, were driven by long-rod, in-and short-massage, conducted in different regions of the foot massage the gradual, reaching effects of massage. 3. Devices use Motor optional two-speed motor, two massage speed can be realized. Take the initiative to promote Middle gear gear and four driven gear shaft. Driven gear divided into two groups, a group of gear and take the initiative to gear shaft meshing of gears, another group of gear and take the initiative to gear between a middle gear, with the aim of changing gears driven by the middle of the steering gear, so that the two groups Driven gear for the left foot of his right foot counter-clockwise rotating clockwise husband, is in line with the theory of Chinese medicine on the right foot massage left-inverse theory. Each driven gear-the-axis to a protruding disc, each one for the two processes set foot. And protruding disc relative Zeta board is set up at the massage, massage-divided into long-rod, in-and short-, foot pedal their height and at the top of the foot corresponding to the convex part, contact with the ball at the top of a massage the soles of the feet , And the foot pedal in the bottom three massage at the length of 4-8 mm respectively, according to a difference in human organs in the foot massage reflection of the distribution of targeted areas, including long-rod set up to the plum blossom-shaped front end and the soles of the feet in the heel, corresponding to Massage response to the shoulder area, Xie Jiaoji, thyroid, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver, kidney and ureter, the mecum, appendix, ileocecal valve or colon, descending colon, rectum, anus; corresponding short - The other regional response. Cam-for-like processes, to eliminate massage corner, protruding disc on the processes in the radial configuration so that it can be in the process of rotation for all the massage at work, protruding disc on the processes in the process of turning foot pedal Of all the massage Ganding, on the same circumference as the number of processes to the processes set each week to determine the number of massage the soles of the feet. As a massage at the length of the points, so long massage at the corresponding processes than other processes low two millimeters, and to increase foot massage at the margin. Massage is also due to the installation of electricity, in addition to the electrical, other parts are used for non-metallic materials production. 4. Conclusion From the history of medicine, massage treatment, far back in medical applications and other methods. Later, acupuncture meridians and the rise of the theory of continuous improvement, foot massage Point laid the foundation. In recent years, foot massage gradually start of the study, and rapid development, in order to make the national treasures that has been continuously carried forward, we designed a foot massage for the liberation of the manual operation of the working class, also reached a basic effect prevent and cure diseases, Hope it early access to millions of households, to the motherland to contribute to the development of Medicine. The home massages features and maintenance In the current family health care electronic products, Xiaoqiaolinglong, easy to carry automatic massage for a more universal application. Household automatic massage for people Huishenghuise circuit design and operation mode, can be divided into two main types of non-existing, that is, electric massage with automatic vibration and the electromagnetic automatic massage, beauty care, massage is also based on the intensity of vibration frequency High and low, its structure and were set to gentle type, strong-and adjustable-strength products such as scum. 1． the electrical automatic massage This massage is the use of permanent magnet brush DC micro-motor powered, massage for the adjustment of the first motor through a rotation of vibration, thereby stimulating the body surface of the skin points, to a certain purpose of the role of massage therapy, massage electric motor - The Moldovan head vibration frequency, both in general have strong vibration and gentle vibration and adjust button, can change according to different needs of the motor speed to adjust aim. Motor-electric massage for the working principle is very simple, namely, the use of motor rotation adjustment, directly driven mechanical hammer He eccentric, thereby contributing to loss of balance and generate the electrical vibration, while the high-frequency vibration, through the buffer body will be set up for massage First, into the flat and gentle vibration. Auto-Motor-massage as a circuit structure is simple and low-voltage direct current power supply, so if the day-to-day use in a number of small failure, not able to detect repairs. The most common failure is that when the electrical power switch has been open rotation, but its not the first vibration massage, the cause of the malfunction is very simple, that is usually used inadvertently in the course of collision or fall, resulting in the partial motor shaft and eccentric hammer And the loose connection between the shift so that the vibration first unable to work, could be more open-shell, the motor drive shaft and the eccentric head into the shaft to the original card to a fixed location. Another common question is: Massage for the first vibration faster, slower, especially when the first massage and skin pressure, the motor speed decreased significantly, the investigation of its main reasons: First, the use batteries trial, followed by the Motor Commentator and brush between the connection is bad and brush caused by wear and tear may generally be open after the re-adjustment of motor shell brush and commentator gap between the pressure and, if the brush wear no special allocation for Brush, Should be replaced with models DC motor. 2． electromagnetic vibration with automatic massage This electromagnetic vibration massage for the working principle is: the use of 220 V AC power through the core coil to produce a certain alternating electromagnetic field, and then using magnetic strength of the changes driven by vibration-driven, so that massage is the first generation of high frequency The vibration. Massage the first of its vibration strength conditioning, the main change is dependent on a few core line Loop or adjust the spacing between the core to achieve. Electromagnetic vibration automatic massage for the day-to-day use, the most easily lead to the breakdown is: When connected to power, its vibration massage is not the first vibration, but in the case of "humming" Zhi electromagnetic noise, the investigation and is due to Spring Vibration-living close to the core, so that it can not produce steel spring-vibration. The method is ruled out: re-adjustment from both sides of the gap, of course, pay attention to the adjustment from the gap can not be too big or too small, it can affect the magnetic field suction and vibration effects, should be adjusted side-trial until the vibration amplitude and frequency have resumed normal. In addition, because of the vibration within the steel-spring vibration frequent sometimes occurs steel fracture phenomenon. Once a vibration steel fracture, in the absence of accessories for the replacement, can be spring-in spot welding machine stitching on the spot welding after use. Of course, you can find a gate thickness and flexibility of the sheet metal materials, processed by tailoring imitation into the original shape after the replacement. Household automatic massage for both the electric and magnetic resonance massage, although is a very simple Huishenghuise small appliances health treatment appliances, but in real life in use also pay attention to safeguarding and maintenance. Especially in the humid air heavier use the occasion of electromagnetic vibration massage, electrical appliances should be exposed to moisture to prevent the leakage of electric shocks arising from wet accidents. In the use of motor massage is, not to massage the skin on the head too heavy pressure, otherwise very easy to increase the electrical current after burning motor. Massage is in use if the noise generated excessive noise and unusual hybrid, the power should be closed promptly check cause of the malfunction. At the same time have the right to use a certain time limit, if prolonged use easy to make the electrical, magnetic coils and other parts with a high fever massage damage. How scientific is the use of mechanical massage Electronic massage with a vibration under the principle of divided into different electromagnetic and electrical-two, in general, for fitness, choice of electric or stall the weak electromagnetic massage, for the treatment, according to the nature of the disease And the different select the appropriate massage, in terms of age, the elderly to use electromagnetic massage, and middle-aged and young are the best choice for electric massage. Here to explain is that the electronic massage is not for everyone safe, it also has its own anti-disease and contraindications. In order to avoid undesirable consequences, in fasting, Baoshi, drunkenness and after strenuous exercise, is prohibited use, for various reasons at this time massage, will further speed up the flow of blood, stomach wiggle enhance smooth muscle, causing nausea, vomiting, chest tightness , Shortness of breath and other discomfort; second, a string boil, carbuncle and the tumor site, it is not appropriate to use, because this will stimulate telangiectasia, local blood volume increase, leading to lesions increase the spread of disease; Third, in the fracture and The early joint dislocation, can not be used, because this will cause displacement of the original displacement or even increase, its fourth, skin diseases, infectious diseases, lymphadenitis, to anti-blood patients, if it is hypertension, anemia patients, especially Do not pay attention to the Janice artery on the massage, so as not to speed up the blood, the incident occurred; their five, pregnant women and children do not have the best, especially pregnant women and lumbosacral the abdomen, after stimulation will cause miscarriage or premature birth, the women's menstrual period to Anti, for various reasons will cause menstrual disorder will affect the use of infant and child growth and development, if the newborn in Xin door is not closed before the use of a life-threatening. Also rely on such a massage is to improve sexual function, but also benefit less harm, the time used for a long time, not only will lead to impotence, and will have a dependent. Mechanical massage to replace the manual massage? In recent years, various medical and health care equipment, in particular the electronic health-care equipment more and more ordinary people into the home, as this Lou household electrical appliances and medical frequent contacts between the human body, its safety performance also very important, especially some irresponsible ad To exaggerate the publicity, said that "Baozhibaibing", "alternative massage" and so on, made many consumers Buzhisuoyun. Then, electronic medical massage machine is "simulation" to what extent ? Massage and massage effect on the what is the difference between what ? E-massage machines can replace massage and self-massage We know that the current market for sales of massage can be broadly divided into two categories, one is the simulation of the finger or palm, and other positions, impose push, take, press, kneading until action to mechanical forces acting on the body surface, A dredge Meridian, Shujinhuoxue, Song Jie Ji cramps, and other role is another electrode contact with the body panels, and the output of various types of electromagnetic waves, learning to stimulate the human body through the surface of the peripheral nerves, so that local telangiectasia, Blood faster, thus promoting blood circulation Quyu played, adjust the body's functions, etc. As for the role of massage machines there is a certain preventive health care functions, bring convenience to the families, the small wound on the disease which can also play a treatment Role. However, no matter how massage equipment, "simulation", are not comparable to the way doctors massage treatment. We all know that massage practitioners in the treatment of diseases before they have to make a clear diagnosis, may be used symptomatic treatment of massage practices, this is also a qualified doctor must be professional liability. "Doctors in the Kam," said General tactics "to hand the measures, since the note their situation" and experienced doctors to massage the muscles, tendon, ligament damage, you can use the pad inexpensive way to ask straight organizations Straighten out and then be fixed to reduce the pain or disappeared. Such as patients with lumbar disc herniation, with appropriate way to highlight the reduction of the nucleus back satisfied that the lifting of the nucleus of nerve root stimulation and oppression, to ease or eliminate the pain; Also, after spinal arthritis patients with dislocation, spinous process of partial re - Waixiang side, doctors use oblique pull law or reduction of rotation to be corrected, so that the final elimination of pain; have sacroiliac joint in the wrong joints, the joint worship of Waterloo incarcerated extrusion and local soft-tissue pain caused traction Nanren , The doctor pull through the ramp of the hip and knee Shenqu a passive activity, or disappeared, and so on, these are not replaced by massage equipment. 譯文： 家庭按摩器的研制、使用與維護(hù) 本實(shí)用新型的足底按摩器是一種理想的足底理療裝置。在現(xiàn)有技術(shù)中，對(duì)足底按摩的方法大致有三種：一是人工按摩，二是腳踏刺輪，三是機(jī)械振動(dòng)。其中人工按摩具有按摩準(zhǔn)確，力度適中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但要求按摩人員具備較高的專業(yè)素質(zhì)，同時(shí)，也需要在專門的場(chǎng)合實(shí)施，這對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)是不方便的；腳夫踏刺輪是一種帶刺的滾輪，踏在腳底，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)腳的往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)達(dá)到對(duì)足底的按摩，這種按摩沒(méi)有針對(duì)性，按摩力度不易掌握；而機(jī)械振動(dòng)按摩主要針對(duì)的是人體下肢的活動(dòng)，對(duì)足底基本沒(méi)有按摩作用。本新型按摩克服了腳踏刺輪、機(jī)械振動(dòng)等技術(shù)中的不足，采用機(jī)械頂動(dòng)模擬人工按摩。本裝置具有寫信準(zhǔn)確，按摩力度適中，體積較小，自重輕，使用方便等特點(diǎn)，適宜坐位、仰位兩種姿勢(shì)的按摩。 1 裝置所依據(jù)的醫(yī)學(xué)原理 通過(guò)對(duì)腳部反射區(qū)的按摩刺激，促進(jìn)血液循環(huán)的順暢，疏通人體能源管道的障礙，增進(jìn)內(nèi)分泌的平衡，促進(jìn)器官、部位功能與各器官系統(tǒng)間的協(xié)調(diào)，從而發(fā)揮出人體自然的自愈能力，達(dá)到治療與保健的效果。 2 裝置的構(gòu)成及工作原理 2.1 構(gòu)成 足底按摩器主要由電機(jī)、主動(dòng)齒輪、中間齒輪、從動(dòng)齒輪、從動(dòng)齒輪軸、突起盤、足踏板、按摩桿構(gòu)成。 2.2 原理 電機(jī)的動(dòng)力經(jīng)減速后傳至主動(dòng)齒輪軸，由主動(dòng)齒輪和中間齒輪分別帶動(dòng)兩個(gè)從動(dòng)齒輪，使突起盤轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。盤上穿越驅(qū)使長(zhǎng)按摩桿進(jìn)行按摩，通過(guò)軸向調(diào)節(jié)從動(dòng)齒輪，可依次驅(qū)使長(zhǎng)桿、中桿、短桿進(jìn)行按摩，從而對(duì)足底進(jìn)行不同區(qū)域的循序按摩，達(dá)到人工按摩效果。 3 裝置的使用 電機(jī)選用雙速電機(jī)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)兩種按摩速度。主動(dòng)齒輪帶動(dòng)中間齒輪及四個(gè)從動(dòng)齒輪軸。從動(dòng)齒輪分為兩組，一組齒輪與主動(dòng)齒輪軸上的齒輪嚙合，另一組齒輪與主動(dòng)齒輪之間設(shè)有中間齒輪，其目的是通過(guò)中間齒輪轉(zhuǎn)變從動(dòng)齒輪的轉(zhuǎn)向，使兩組從動(dòng)齒輪相對(duì)于左腳夫順時(shí)針右腳逆時(shí)針轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，正好符合中醫(yī)理論中關(guān)于足部按摩左順右逆的理論。每個(gè)從動(dòng)齒輪軸上端各固接一個(gè)突起盤，每?jī)蓚€(gè)突起盤對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)足底。與突起盤相對(duì)的是足踏板上設(shè)置的按摩桿，按摩桿分為長(zhǎng)桿、中桿、短桿，它們?cè)谧闾ぐ迳戏降母叨扰c足底的凹凸部位相對(duì)應(yīng)，頂部有按摩球接觸腳底，而在足踏板下方三種按摩桿的長(zhǎng)度分別相差4-8毫米并根據(jù)人體器官在足底按摩反射區(qū)的分布進(jìn)行配置，其中，長(zhǎng)桿以梅花狀設(shè)置在腳底前端和腳后跟處，所對(duì)應(yīng)的按摩反應(yīng)區(qū)為肩、斜角肌、甲狀腺、胃、十二指腸、胰腺、肝、腎、輸尿管、盲腸、闌尾、回盲瓣、升結(jié)腸、降結(jié)腸、直腸、肛門；短桿對(duì)應(yīng)的是其它反應(yīng)區(qū)域。突起盤為凸輪狀，以消除按摩死角，突起盤上的突起在徑向上的配置可使其在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程中對(duì)所有的按摩桿起作用，突起盤上的突起在在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中將足踏板上的所有的按摩桿頂起，而在同一圓周上的突起數(shù)量視突起盤每轉(zhuǎn)一周對(duì)腳底的按摩次數(shù)確定。由于按摩桿有長(zhǎng)短之分，所以對(duì)應(yīng)長(zhǎng)按摩桿的突起比其它突起低2毫米，以增加足底與按摩桿間的裕度。又由于本按摩器屬于用電裝置，所以除電機(jī)外，其它部件均采用非金屬材料制作。 4 結(jié)束語(yǔ) 從醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展史來(lái)看，按摩治病，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)早于應(yīng)用工具和其它醫(yī)療方法。到后來(lái)，針灸療法的興起及經(jīng)絡(luò)學(xué)說(shuō)的不斷完善，為腳部穴位按摩奠定了基礎(chǔ)。近年來(lái)，足部按摩的研究逐漸展開(kāi)，而且發(fā)展迅速，為了使祖國(guó)這一民族瑰寶不斷發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的足底按摩器解放了手工操作的勞苦，又基本達(dá)到了防病治病的效果，希望它早日進(jìn)入千家萬(wàn)戶，為祖國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)。 家用按摩器的特點(diǎn)及維護(hù) 在目前家庭醫(yī)療保健電子類產(chǎn)品中，小巧玲瓏、攜帶方便的自動(dòng)式按摩器的應(yīng)用較為普及。家用自動(dòng)式按摩器人電路設(shè)計(jì)繪聲繪色及運(yùn)行工作模式，可分為不現(xiàn)有兩大類型，即電動(dòng)式自動(dòng)按摩器與電磁振動(dòng)式自動(dòng)按摩、保健美容等，同時(shí)又根據(jù)按摩器振動(dòng)頻率的強(qiáng)度高低，其結(jié)構(gòu)又分別設(shè)置為柔和型、強(qiáng)力型以及強(qiáng)弱可調(diào)型等敗類產(chǎn)品。 一、 電機(jī)式自動(dòng)按摩器 這種按摩器是采用永磁電刷式直流微型電機(jī)作動(dòng)力，其按摩器頭通過(guò)電機(jī)的調(diào)整旋轉(zhuǎn)面產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)，從而刺激人體表面皮膚穴位，達(dá)到目的一定的理療按摩作用，同時(shí)電機(jī)式電動(dòng)按摩器的摩頭振動(dòng)頻率，一般均調(diào)有強(qiáng)振動(dòng)與柔和式振動(dòng)和調(diào)節(jié)按鈕，亦可根據(jù)不同需要改變電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到調(diào)節(jié)目的。電機(jī)式電動(dòng)按摩器的工作原理很簡(jiǎn)單，即利用直流電機(jī)的調(diào)整旋轉(zhuǎn)，直接帶動(dòng)機(jī)械偏心錘盍，從而促使電機(jī)失去平衡而產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)，同時(shí)高頻的振動(dòng)，又通過(guò)設(shè)置的緩沖體將按摩器頭，變?yōu)榘雌教苟秩岷偷恼駝?dòng)源。 電機(jī)式自動(dòng)按摩器由于電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單并采用直流低電壓供電，所以在日常使用中若產(chǎn)生一些小故障問(wèn)題，無(wú)法能夠自行檢測(cè)修理。最常見(jiàn)的故障是，當(dāng)打開(kāi)電源開(kāi)關(guān)電機(jī)已轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，但其按摩頭不振動(dòng)，產(chǎn)生的故障原因很簡(jiǎn)單，即在平時(shí)使用過(guò)程中不慎碰撞或跌落，從而造成電機(jī)的偏軸與偏心錘之間連接松脫及移位，使振動(dòng)頭無(wú)法工作，些時(shí)可打開(kāi)機(jī)殼體，將電機(jī)傳動(dòng)軸頭與偏心軸重新卡入原固定位置內(nèi)即可。 另一種常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題是：按摩器頭振動(dòng)時(shí)快時(shí)慢，特別是當(dāng)按摩頭與皮膚重壓時(shí)，其電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速明顯下降，查其主要原因：一是由于采用干電池試用；其次是電機(jī)電刷與換向器間接觸不良及電刷磨損所引起，一般可拆開(kāi)電機(jī)外殼后重新調(diào)整電刷與換向器之間的間隙及壓力，如果電刷磨損嚴(yán)重?zé)o專用電刷配換，則應(yīng)更換同型號(hào)直流電機(jī)。 二、 電磁振動(dòng)式自動(dòng)按摩器 這種電磁振動(dòng)工按摩器的工作原理是：利用220V的交流電源通過(guò)磁芯線圈，以產(chǎn)生一定的交變電磁場(chǎng)，然后利用磁力強(qiáng)弱的變化驅(qū)使帶動(dòng)振動(dòng)片，從而使按摩器頭產(chǎn)生高頻率的振動(dòng)。其按摩頭的振動(dòng)強(qiáng)弱調(diào)節(jié)，主要是依賴改變磁芯線圈圈數(shù)或者調(diào)節(jié)鐵心之間的間距來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。 電磁振動(dòng)式自動(dòng)按摩器在日常使用中，最容易產(chǎn)生的故障是：當(dāng)接通電源后，其振動(dòng)按摩頭不振動(dòng)，但機(jī)殼體內(nèi)有“嗡嗡”的電磁吱響聲，查其原因是由于振動(dòng)彈簧片緊貼住了鐵芯處，使之鋼質(zhì)彈簧片無(wú)法產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)。排除的方法是：重新調(diào)整兩側(cè)距離的間隙，當(dāng)然調(diào)整時(shí)注意間隙距離不可太大或太小，否則均會(huì)影響磁場(chǎng)吸力和振動(dòng)效果，應(yīng)邊調(diào)整邊試用，直至振動(dòng)幅度和頻率恢復(fù)正常為止。 另外，由于機(jī)內(nèi)的振動(dòng)鋼質(zhì)彈簧片振動(dòng)頻繁，有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生鋼片斷裂現(xiàn)象。一旦產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)鋼片斷裂，在無(wú)專用配件更換時(shí)，可將彈簧片在點(diǎn)焊機(jī)上拼接點(diǎn)焊后再使用。當(dāng)然也可以找柵厚度及彈性的金屬材料薄片，經(jīng)剪裁加工后仿制成原形狀后換用。 家用自動(dòng)按摩器無(wú)論是電動(dòng)式還是磁振式按摩器，雖然都是一種繪聲繪色很簡(jiǎn)單的小家電保健理療電器用品，但在實(shí)際生活使用中還就注意維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)。特別是在潮濕氣較重的場(chǎng)合使用電磁振動(dòng)式按摩器，應(yīng)防止電器受潮受濕而產(chǎn)生漏電電擊事故。在使用電機(jī)式按摩器時(shí)，不要將按摩頭在皮膚上壓力過(guò)重，否則很容易使電機(jī)電流增大后燒毀電機(jī)。按摩器在使用中若產(chǎn)生噪聲過(guò)大及異常雜響聲，應(yīng)關(guān)閉電源及時(shí)檢查故障原因。同時(shí)正確掌握一定的使用時(shí)間限度，如果長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用易使電機(jī)、磁力線圈等部位產(chǎn)生高熱而使按摩器受到損壞。 如何科學(xué)使用機(jī)械按摩器 電子按摩器根據(jù)產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)的原理不同分為電磁式和電動(dòng)式兩種，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，用于健身時(shí)，可選用電動(dòng)式或弱檔的電磁式按摩器，用于理療時(shí)，就根據(jù)病癥性質(zhì)的不同而選擇相應(yīng)的按摩器，在年齡段上講，老年人宜使用電磁式按摩器，而中青年則最好選用電動(dòng)式按摩器。 在這里要交代的是，電子按摩器不是人人皆宜的，它也有它的慎用癥和禁忌癥。為了避免發(fā)生不良后果，在空腹、飽食、醉酒和劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)后，嚴(yán)禁使用，因?yàn)榉N種原因這時(shí)按摩，可使血液流速進(jìn)一步加快，胃部平滑肌蠕動(dòng)增強(qiáng)，造成惡心、嘔吐、胸悶、氣促等不適；其二，串有癤、癰以及腫瘤的部位，不宜使用，因?yàn)檫@樣刺激會(huì)使毛細(xì)血管擴(kuò)張，局部血液量增加，導(dǎo)致病變部位擴(kuò)散而加重病情；其三，在骨折和關(guān)節(jié)脫位的早期，不能使用，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)造成骨移位甚至使原來(lái)的移位加重；其四，皮膚病、傳染病、淋巴結(jié)炎、血液病患者要慎用，如果是高血壓、貧血病患者，特別注意不要在頸側(cè)動(dòng)脈上按摩，以免血液加速，發(fā)生意外事故；其五，孕婦及兒童最好不用，尤其是孕婦的腹部和腰骶部，刺激后會(huì)造成流產(chǎn)或早產(chǎn)，月經(jīng)期的婦女要慎用，因?yàn)榉N種原因會(huì)造成月經(jīng)紊亂；嬰幼兒使用會(huì)影響生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育，如果新生兒在囟門未閉合前使用會(huì)有生命危險(xiǎn)。還有人依靠這樣的按摩器來(lái)提高性功能，也是利少害多，時(shí)間用久了，不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致陽(yáng)痿，且會(huì)產(chǎn)生依賴性。 機(jī)械按摩能代替人工按摩嗎 近年來(lái)，各種醫(yī)療保健器械，尤其是電子醫(yī)療保健器械越來(lái)越多地進(jìn)入尋常百姓家，由于這婁家用醫(yī)療電器與人體接觸頻繁，其安全性能也就非常重要，特別是一些不負(fù)責(zé)任的廣告商夸大宣傳，說(shuō)能“包治百病”、“替代按摩師”等等，弄得許多消費(fèi)者不知所云。那么，電子醫(yī)療按摩機(jī)器究竟“仿真”到什么程度？與按摩師按摩在療效上究竟有什么區(qū)別？電子按摩機(jī)器能否替代按摩師和自我按摩？ 我們知道，目前市場(chǎng)上銷售的按摩器大致可分為兩大類，一類是模擬人的手指或手掌等部位，施以推、拿、按、揉等到動(dòng)作，以機(jī)械力量作用于人體表面，起到疏通經(jīng)絡(luò)、舒筋活血、松解肌痙攣等作用；另一類是以電極板接觸人體，并輸出各種類型的電磁波，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)刺激人體體表的末梢神經(jīng)，使局部毛細(xì)血管擴(kuò)張，血液速度加快，從而起到活血祛瘀，調(diào)整人體的功能等；至于按摩機(jī)器的作用是有其一定的預(yù)防保健功能，給家庭帶來(lái)方便，對(duì)于小傷小病也能起到一這的治療作用。但是，無(wú)論按摩器械如何“仿真”，目前都不能比擬按摩醫(yī)生的手法治療作用。 大家知道，按摩醫(yī)生在治療前必須對(duì)疾病要作出明確診斷，方可采用對(duì)癥按摩手法治療，這也是取得職業(yè)資格的醫(yī)生必須負(fù)的法律責(zé)任。《醫(yī)宗金鑒》手法總論中說(shuō)“以手措之，自悉其情”，有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的按摩醫(yī)生對(duì)肌肉、肌腱、韌帶的損傷，可使用相宜的理盤手法，使其組織撫直理順，然后加以固定，使疼痛減輕或消失。如腰椎間盤突出患者，用適宜的復(fù)位手法促使突出的髓核回納，解除髓核對(duì)神經(jīng)根的刺激和壓迫關(guān)系，使疼痛緩解或消除；又如脊柱后關(guān)節(jié)炎錯(cuò)位患者，致再棘突偏歪向一邊，醫(yī)生采用斜扳法或旋轉(zhuǎn)復(fù)位法予以糾正，最后使疼痛癥狀消除；還有骶髂關(guān)節(jié)錯(cuò)縫患者，因關(guān)節(jié)滑膜拜的嵌頓擠壓及局部軟組織牽拉而致疼痛難忍，醫(yī)生通過(guò)斜扳法及伸屈髖膝的被動(dòng)活動(dòng)，或消