《動(dòng)詞 虛擬語(yǔ)氣ppt》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《動(dòng)詞 虛擬語(yǔ)氣ppt（35頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、Chapter 5.4 Subjunctive MoodnIn English, because of the different intentions of the speaker, so verb forms should change. there are 4 kinds of moods in all to represent the different situations.n1.The Indicative mood. It mainly states the fact ,including positive or negative sentences.n You are very

2、 careful. Im not a workern2.The Interrogative mood. It mainly focuses on asking the questions. including general question, special question, alternative question, and disjunctive question.n3.The Imperative Mood. It mainly puts forward requests and orders.n Dont stay outside.n Lets have a rest.n4.The

3、 Subjunctive Mood. It represents the subjunctive desire . n If I were you I would take his advice.nThe subjunctive mood includes the following forms of verb.n (1) should, would, could, might+ Vn If I had a car. I wouldnt go to work by bike.n If I had a lot of money he could go abroad for a visit.n N

4、ote: Sometimes, “should ”can be omitted in the following sentencesnIt is necessary that the work be done as soon as possible. nIt suggested that she be at home in the evening.n(2)the verb forms are the same as the tenses: such as the past tense (bewere) the past perfect tense ,the past future perfec

5、t tense, and so on.n If I had time, I would go with you .n If there were no sun, life could not exist on earth.n If you had taken his advice, you wouldnt have made such a mistake. n1.The sentence of condition refers to a complex which includes an adverbial clause of condition. There are two kinds of

6、 sentences of condition. One is the sentence of Real Condition. The other is the sentence of Unreal Condition when the subjective desire can come true. It is the sentences of Real Condition. When it cant come true, it is the sentence of Unreal Condition.nIf you havent finished your composition, you

7、can hand it in tomorrow.nIf I said anything wrong, you must point it out.nIf they didnt leave at once, they wouldnt be able to catch the train.nIf I were you, I would reconsider their proposal.nIf we hadnt built the dam, there would have been a terrible flood.n1. Subjunction on present fact.n Its st

8、ructure is:n Clause of condition main clausen (V-ed be-were) would. should + Vn If I knew his telephone number, I would ring his up.n If I were you, I wouldnt do that.n If there were no air, living thing couldnt exist on earth.n Note: In informal English ,people use “was” to stand for “were” in the

9、first and third persons.nIf he was here, we could ask him.nIf I was in her place, I would think differently.n2.Subjunction on the past fact.n Its structure is:n The clause main clause n Had+done would should +have donen If you had come earlier, you would/might have seen him.n If she hadnt been so bu

10、sy, she would have come to see us.nIf you had put on more clothes, you wouldnt have caught a bad cold.n If I had been more careful, I could have done it better.n If he hadnt been ill, he might have come.n 3.Subjunction on the future fact. n Its structure is:n The clause main clausen Past formn Shoul

11、d +Vn Were + to do would. should+ don If it should rain, the crops would be saved.nIf it were to snow tomorrow, they wouldnt go out.n If she failed again, she would go home.n If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.n If they were to (should) act like that again, we should criticize them

12、 severely.n4.In the adverbial clause of unreal condition, we often omit the word if and use the inversion, and put auxiliary verb, model verb ,be ,or have at the beginning of the clause.n Should there be a flood, what should we do?nWere it not their assistance , we couldnt have overcome the difficul

13、ties.n Had they time, they would certainly come and help us.n5.Sometimes two actions happened at the different time. We should use the different forms of verbs. (It is called conditional sentences of mixed time)nIf the weather had been more favorable , the crops would be growing still better.nIf you

14、 were in better health, we would have allowed you to join them in the work.nIf we hadnt got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.nIf we hadnt been working hard in the part few years, things wouldnt be going smoothly.n6.Sometimes we use Subjunctive mood not for the ad

15、verbial clause of condition but for the prepositional phrase.nWe could have done it better under more favorable conditions.nThat would have been considered miracle in the past.n Without your help, I wouldnt succeed.n 7.Sometimes we use the Subjunctive mood from the context clue .(sometimes it is cal

16、led sentences of implied condition)n But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.n I was ill that day, otherwise I would have taken part in the game.nIf not for these poor children, he would have goneabroadn I wouldnt have acted as he did.n Who but a fool would believe that?n It would be a mis

17、take not to help him. (If we didnt)n It was so quiet , you could have heard a pin drop.n1.Subjunctive Mood can be used to represent wish, suggestion, order and so on.n (1)wish+ objective clause.n I wish I were as strong as you.n I wish I remembered the exam.n I wish he had passed the exam.n He wishe

18、s he hadnt made such a mistake.n I wish he would try once.n I wish he be at home.n(2) would rather (sooner)+ Subjunctive mood.n I would rather they came tomorrow.n I could go myself but I would sooner you went.n I would rather you hadnt told me about it.n Note: Sometimes“had rather, prefer, suppose”

19、 “can follow the Subjunctive mood.n I had rather he helped me.n He preferred that she shouldnt do the job.n Suppose they didnt believe him, what would happen to him?n (3)Suggest order, demand, propose, command request, desire, insist ask etc. In the objective clause ,we often use the subjunctive moo

20、d. but (should) can be omitted.nI suggest he set off straightaway.nI propose that they (should) come here on time.nThey requested that we (should) send a delegation to their country.nHe insisted that he raise the question at the meeting.nThey asked that arrangements be made to solve the problems.nTh

21、e father demanded the daughter work hard all the time.n(4)It is important/necessary/desired/suggested/ ordered/proposed.+ that clause ,In the clause, we often use subjunctive mood.nIt is necessary that he be sent there at once.nIt is important that he take the advice .nIt is desired that we get ever

22、ything ready by tonight.nIt is arranged that they leave the following week.nIt will be better that we meet some other time.n(5)Suggestion.proposal.order.plan.idea.decision.requirement.etc.are used as subjects. in the predicative clause ,we often use the subjunctive mood.nMy suggestion is that we sta

23、rt as soon as possible.nMy idea is that we stay here for another day to have a good rest.nTheir decision is that everyone (should) stay at home to wait for the news.n(6)If the words above have the oppositive clause, we often use the subjunctive mood. n What do you think of his proposal that we (shou

24、ld) put on a play at the English evening?nThe commander made the order that the army march toward the next destination in the next early morning.n2.should +V can represent peoples surprise, puzzle, doubt, unsatisfaction, etc.n(1)expect, believe, think, suspect, and so on. If the words are used in th

25、e negative or interrogative sentences, In the objective clause we use the subjunctive mood.n -I never expected that the problem should be so complicatedn -They couldnt believe that the new stadium should be so big.n -We never thought that she should be the brave girl we have heard so much about.n(2)

26、 It is a pity/a shame/incredible/strange/no wonder that - nIn these structure we use subjunctive mood in the clause.nIt is a great pity that they should be so conceited.nIt seems incredible that he should have finished the work so soon.nIt is quite natural that such things should be protected.nIt is

27、 no wonder that he should do it all by himself.n(3)Im sorry, we were surprised, they are disappointed. They can follow the adverbial clause in which we can use the subjunctive mood.n Im sorry that he should be in such poor health.n We were surprised that he should be so stupid.n Im still not quite c

28、onvinced that she should have done so much in such a short time.n3. In the following adverbial clause. We should use the subjunctive mood.n(1)In the sentence that as if/though takes. Its the same as objective clause after wish.nI remember the whole thing as if/though it happened yesterday.nThey talk

29、ed as if they had been friends for years.n It seems as if it were spring already.n He spoke to me as if I were deaf. n Note: look, walk, sound, seem, smell, and so on, sometimes we can also use the indicative mood.nHe looks as if he is from Guangzhou.nIt looks as if we shall have to do the work ours

30、elves.nHe walks as if he is drunk.nIt smells as if it has gone bad.n It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. nIt seems as if well have to walk home.n(2) “l(fā)est, for fear that, in case” often takes a sentence. Its structure is should+ V n He took his raincoat with him lest it should rain.n He

31、 put his coat over the woman for fear that she should catch a cold.nHe burned all the important documents for fear that they should fall into the enemys hands.nHere is some money in case you should need itn(3)In the adverbial clause of condition and concession .we often use the original form of the

32、verbs to represent the subjunctive mood.n So long as we stay together, we wont be afraid of any difficulty.n If the news be true , it is a very serious matter.nThough everyone desert you , well not.nThough he make mistakes, well follow him. nNote: sometimes we use the indicative mood. nIf the news i

33、s true, it is a serious matter.nThough he makes mistakes, well follow him.n (4)It is time in this structure we often use the subjunctive mood. we often use the past form of the verbs in the attributive clause.nIts time that we went to bed.nIt is high time that we (should) stop debating .n Its time w

34、e made up our minds.n1.In oral practice. we often use subjunctive mood to show ones kindness , respect to others.n(1)in order to state ones viewpoint.nIt would be a shame to stop the work half way.nI dont think he would be so careful.nI should be glad to talk to him.n (2)to put forward request or in

35、vitation n Would you mind turning the light on?n Would you like to come and spend the weekend with us?nCould you come a little earlier next time?n Would you tell me how to get there, please ?n (3)to put forward suggestive or advicen You had better leave the matter for me.n Perhaps you could get bett

36、er results this way.n(4)to ask a questionn What would you advise me to do ?n Which seat might I take?n Could you leave your telephone number with us?n 2.In some sentences with the best wishes.n (1)the original form of verbsn Long Live Chairman Mao!n God bless you.n So be it then.n(2) may+ V, “may” i

37、s often put at the beginning.n May there never be contradiction between us.n May this help them make up.n (3)In the exclamatory sentence, it is taken by if only.n If I could only see him once!n If only I hadnt lost it.n If only we had listened to their advice.n If only the letter had arrived in time

38、 .n 3.In some sentence patterns, we should use subjunctive mood n (1)That can take a clause separately.n Oh that the rain would stop.n Oh that he were with us now.n That he should do it like that.他竟敢n(2) would that takes a sentencen Would that we had stayed with them.n Would that she could have take

39、n my advice.n(3)To think takes a sentence (I dont expect)nTo think that he knew about it all the time.n To think that he betrayed her.n 4.Some idioms include the subjunctive moodn (1)as it weren He is my close friend, my brother as it weren He is ,as it were, a genius.n (2)would have thoughtn Who would have thought it was going to rain?n We would have thought you would attend the meeting.n (3)if need be if it is necessaryn I can come and join in the discussion, if need be.n If need be, we can stay here a little longer.