蘇教譯林版本八下英語語法總總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)資料及練習(xí)
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1、蘇教譯林版本八下英語語法總總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)資料及練習(xí) 如果用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示一瞬間的動(dòng)作, 可以借助 e, ben, get 等終止性動(dòng)詞來表示。上句可改為: It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.( 正 )又如: -When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago.-Then you#;ve known each other for more than two years. -That#;s right.5、終止性動(dòng)詞的用法特征 1.終止性動(dòng)詞可用來表示某一動(dòng)作完成,因此可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如:
2、 The train has arrived.火車到了。 Have you joined the puter group? 你加入電腦小組了嗎? 2.終止性動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作極其短暫,不能持續(xù)。因此,不可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用 (只限肯定式 )。如: (1) 他死了三年了。 誤: He has died for three years.正: He has been dead for three years. 正: He died three years ago.正: It is three years since he died. 正: Three years has passed
3、since he died.(2) 他來這兒五天了。 誤: He has e here for five days.正: He has been here for five days. 正: He came here five days ago.正: It is five days since he came here. 正: Five days has passed since he came here.(1)、 (2) 句中的 die、 e 為終止性動(dòng)詞,不能與表示 “段時(shí)間 ”的狀語連用。那么,應(yīng)如何正確表達(dá)呢?可 以采用下面的四種方法: (1)將句中終止性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)
4、詞,如上面兩例中的第一種正確表達(dá)方式。下面列舉幾例: leave → be away, borrow → keep, buy → have, ben/start → be on, die → be dead, move to → live in, finish join → be in/be a member of, open sth. → keep sth.open, fall ill → be ill, get up → be up,。 catch a cold (2)將句中表示 “段時(shí)間 ”的狀語改為表示過去確定時(shí)間的狀語,如下面兩例中的第二種正確表達(dá)方式。 (3)用句型 “
5、It is+ 段時(shí)間 +since” 表達(dá)原意,如上面兩例中的第三種正確表達(dá)方式。 (4)用句型 “時(shí)間 +has passed+since”表達(dá)原意,如上面兩例中的第四種正確表達(dá)方式。 -------99888 0000 3.止性 可用于 在完成 否定式中,成 可以延 的狀 ,因而可與表示一段 的狀 用。如: He hasn#;t left here since 1986. I haven#;t heard from my father for two weeks.4.止性 的否定式與 until/till 用,構(gòu)成 “not+ 止性 +until/till ”
6、 的句型,意 “ 直到 才 ”。 如: You can#;t leave here until I arrive.直到我到了,你才能離開 里。 I will not go to bed until I finish drag the pture tonight.今天晚上直到我畫完畫,我才上床睡 。 5.止性 可以用于 when 引 的 狀 從句中,但不可以用于 while 引 的 狀 從句中。 when 表 示的 是 “ 點(diǎn) ”( 從句 用 止性 ),也可以是 “ 段 ”( 從句 用延 性 )。而 while 表 示的是一個(gè) 的 或 程
7、,從句 用延 性 。如: When we reached London, it was twelve o#;clock.(reach 止性 ) Please look after my daughter while/when we are away.(be away 延 性 短 ) 6.止性 完成 不可與 how long 用 (只限于肯定式 )。如: : How long have you e here? 正: How long have you been here? 正: When did you e here? 二、 在完成 與一般 去 的區(qū) 一
8、般 去 表示 去某個(gè) 生的事、存在的狀 或 常 生的 作。 的 重點(diǎn)只在于 述一件 去的事情,不 “ 在 ” 生的影響。如: He visited Guilin in 1998. 他 1998 年參 桂林。 (只 明去桂林的 ) 在完成 表示 作 生在 去, 在造成了影響或 生了 果。不與確定的 去 狀 用。如: Jill has bought a new puter.吉 了一臺(tái)新 。 (著重點(diǎn)是 在有了一臺(tái)新 ) 兩種 的區(qū)分 (1)一般 去 的 用 去式,而 在完成 的 基本構(gòu)成是 “ 助 have /has + 去分 ”。
9、如: The film started at 7 o ’ clockHe.has been a teacher for many years.(2)一般 去 通常與表示 去的 狀 用。 如:yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 202 等;而 在完成 常與 just, already, ever, never 等副 和 these days, this week, since, for等表示一段 的狀 用。 看看以下的幾 句子,有什么區(qū) ? ① Have you seen the film?(A) Did you
10、 see the film?(B) [ 明 ] 你看 部 影 ? (A) 句 的是被 者 情是否了解; (B) 句 的是看 部 影的 作是否 生 ,并不 是否知道其內(nèi)容。 How has he done it?(A) How did he do it?(B) [ 明 ]他是怎么做的 件事? (A) 句 的是他做 件事的方式 在 生了某種影響;-------99888 0000 句單純的詢問做這件事的方式。 He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A) He lived in Beijing for 8 years
11、.(B) [ 說明 ]他在北京住了 8 年。 (A) 句講的是到目前為止他在北京住了 8 年,可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)在北京住下去。 (B) 句 講的是他在北京住過 8 年,現(xiàn)在不在北京了。 三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)例析 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是較難掌握、中考考查較多的時(shí)態(tài)。涉及的考點(diǎn)有: 一、考查其構(gòu)成 助動(dòng)詞 have (has) +動(dòng)詞過去分詞 “ 構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如: 1.Kate#;s never seen Chinese films , A.hasn#;t she B.has she C.isn#;t she D.is she 析:陳述句部分含否定詞 never,簡略問句部分要用肯定
12、式,又因 Kate#;s是 Kate has的縮寫,故選 B。 2.His uncle has already posted the photos to him.( 改為否定句 ) His uncle posted the photos to him .析: already 常用在肯定句中, yet 常用在否定句、疑問句中,故填 hasn#;t, yet。 3.-Ann has gone to Shanghai.-So her parents. A.has B.had C.did D.have 析: ”so+助 /系 /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語 “ 結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞形式應(yīng)與前句結(jié)構(gòu)中動(dòng)詞形式
13、保持一致,又后句的主語為 her parents 是復(fù)數(shù) ,故選 D。 二、考查其用法與標(biāo)志詞 (一 )當(dāng)句中有 never, ever, just, already, yet, before 等時(shí),常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如: 1.-Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -you your homework yet? A.Do; finish B.Are; finishing C.Did; finish D.Have; finished 2.- you anywhere before? -Yes, but I can#;t remember w
14、here I A.Did; surf; surfed B.Have; surfed; surfed C.Did; surf; have surfed D.Have; surfed; have surfed 析:據(jù) yet 和 before 可知 ,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故 1 題選 D, 2 題選 D。 (二 )當(dāng)句中有 ”for + 段時(shí)間 “ 或 ”since + 點(diǎn)時(shí)間 “ 等時(shí),主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,若 是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,要改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)的詞 (短語 )。如: 1.His brother has been to Stone Forest twehe
15、 came to Yunnan.A.after B.before C.since D.for 析:主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而從句用的是一般過去時(shí),故選 C。 2.Tomthe CD player for two weeks.A.has lent B.has borrowed C.has bought D.has had -------99888 0000 析: A 、 B、 C 均為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,在肯定句中不與表 ” 段時(shí)間 “ 的短語連用,故選 D 。 3.Ia letter from him since he left.A.didn#;t receive B.haven#;t g
16、ot C.didn#;t have D.haven#;t heard 析:據(jù) since 可知,應(yīng)排除 A 、C,”hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb.“ 意為 ” 收到某人的來信 “ ,故 B。 三、考查 have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的區(qū)別。 如: 1.-Have you everLintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have.A.went to B.gone to C.been in D.been to
17、析:據(jù)句中的 have,排除 A , B 項(xiàng)意為 ” 去某地了 “, C 項(xiàng)意為 ” 一直呆在某地 “ , D 項(xiàng)意為 ” 去過某地 “,符合題意,故選 D 。 2.My parents Shangdong for ten years.A.have been in B.have been to C.have gone to D.have been 析:本題句中有 ”for+段時(shí)間“結(jié)構(gòu),據(jù)此可排除 C,B 項(xiàng)意為 ”去過某地“,不合題意, D 項(xiàng)缺介詞,故選 A 。 四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與其他時(shí)態(tài)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別 。如: 1.Sun#;s aunt has gone there for
18、ten years.(改成正確的句子 ) 析:非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與 ”段時(shí)間“連用時(shí),除了把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞改成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞外, 還可把動(dòng)詞改為一般過去時(shí)或借助句型 ”It#;s +段時(shí)間 +since+從句“進(jìn)行句子轉(zhuǎn)換。故答案為:Sun#;s aunt has been there for ten years./Sun#;s aunt went there ten years ago./It#;s ten years since Sun#;s aunt went there.Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.( 改為同義句
19、) more than ten years Susan to this city.析:據(jù)上題分析^p ,且 since 引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般過去時(shí),故填 It is, since, came 。 3.I won#;t go to the concert because I my tket.A.lost B.don#;t lose C.have lost D.is ing 析:因我丟了票的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去, 而且對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了我不能參加音樂會(huì)的結(jié)果, 符合現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的 含意,故選 C。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及答案 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1、 Both his parents loo
20、k sad .Maybe they what#;s hened to him .A . knew B . have known C . must know D .will know -------99888 0000 2、 He has been to Shanghai , has he ? A . already B .never C .ever D.still 3、 Have you met Mr Li ? A . just B . ago C .before D . a moment ago 4、 The famous writer one new book i
21、n the past two year .A .is writing B .was writing C .wrote D .has written 5、— Our country a lot so far .— Yes .I hope it will be even .A .has changed ; well B .changed ; good C .has changed ; better D . changed ; better 6、 Zhao Lan already in this school for two years .A .was ; studying B
22、 .will ; study C .has ; studied D .are ; studying 7、 We iao Li since she was a little rl .A .know B .had known C .have known D . knew 8、 Harry Potter is a very ne film .I it twe .A . will see B .have seen C .saw D .see 9、— These farmers have been to the United States
23、 .— Really ? When there ? A .will they go B .did they go C .do they go D .have they gone 10、— you your homework yet ? — Yes .I it a moment ago .A .Did ; do ; finished B.Have ; done ; finished C .Have ; done ; have finished D .will ; do ; finish 11、His father the
24、Party since 1978 .A .joined B.has joined C .was in D .has been in 12、— Do you know him well ? — Sure .We friends since ten years ago ..were B .have been C .have bee D .have made 13、— How long have you here ? — About two months .A . been B . gone C . e D. Arrived -------99888 0000
25、 14、Hurry up! The play for ten minutes .A .has begun B .had begun C .has been on D .began 15 It ten years since he left the army .A .is B.has C . will D .was 16、 Miss Green isn#;t in the offe .she to the library .A .has gone B .went C .will go D .has been 17
26、、 My parents Shandong for ten years .A . have been in B .have been to C . have gone to D.have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom, A.so they B.don ’t they C.have they D.haven ’t they 19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A.How soon
27、, es B.How often, got C.How long, came D.How far, arrived 20His uncle for more than 9 years.A.has e here B.has started to work C.has lived there D.has left the university 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1、 He has never surfed, (改成反意疑問句) 2、 They have been here since 20.(對(duì)劃線部分提問 ) have they been here? 3、 The o
28、ld man last year.He for a year(die) (動(dòng)詞填空) 4、 This factory opened twenty years ago.( 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 ) This factory for twenty years.5、 Miss Gao left an hour ago.( 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 ) Miss Gao an hour ago.6、 Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同義句) Her mother the Party three years .7、
29、 The Green Family moved to France two years ago.( 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 ) two years the Green family moved to France.8、 The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.( 把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子 ) -------99888 0000 三、 漢譯英。 1、 吉姆已做完作業(yè),他現(xiàn)在有空了。 2、 他昨天收到一封信。 3、 我父親以前到過長城。 4、 她還沒有看過那部新電影。 5、 她去過上海。 6、 他這些天上哪兒去了?
30、-------99888 0000 -------99888 0000 參考答案: 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的】、作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造 的影響, 或過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束, 一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚?重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。 這種考查難度較大, 往往無時(shí)間狀語,需要從上下文分析^p 、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下文分析^p 、推理,正確答案是B。 2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與 already(已經(jīng)) ,just(剛剛, 正好),ever(曾經(jīng)) ,never(從來, 也不; 從不),before (以前), yet(仍然)等連用。故 2 應(yīng)選 B。 3、 C
31、4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與 recently(近來), so far(到目前為止), in the past/“ last + 一段時(shí)間”等時(shí)間狀 語連用。 因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶Z表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間, 句中的動(dòng)作是從過去某一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開始持續(xù)到 現(xiàn)在的。故 4 應(yīng)選 D。 5、 C 6、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與“ for + 時(shí)間段或 since +過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用(含從句,從句過去時(shí))。故 6 應(yīng)選 C。 7、 C 8、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還與 once(一次), twe (兩次), three times(三次), several times(幾次)等表示重 復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語連用。故 8 應(yīng)選
32、 B 。 9、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)容易混淆,就是因?yàn)樗鼈兯硎镜膭?dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去,但二者又有區(qū)別:一般 過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、 存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于陳述一件過去的事情, 與 現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系; 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作, 它不與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語 (如 yesterday , last week , a moment ago 等)連用。故 9 的正確答案為 B 。 10、B 11、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中,非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與 for 和 since 引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,通常是用相應(yīng)的延 續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來代替。故 11 的正確答案依
33、次為: D。 12、B 13、 A 14、 C 15、 A 。 16、“ have/has gone to + 地點(diǎn)”表示“某人去了某地 (還未回來) ”,指主語所指的人不在這兒。 “ have/has been in + 地點(diǎn)”表示“在某地呆了多長時(shí)間”,常與表示時(shí)間的狀語連用?!? have/has been to +地點(diǎn)”表 示“曾經(jīng)去過某地(但現(xiàn)在已不在那兒)?!惫? 16 的正確答案為 A 。 17、A 18、 D 19、 C 20、 C 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1、 has he? 2、 How long 3、 died, has been
34、 dead 4、 has been open 5、 has been away 6、 joined; ago 7、 It is, since 8、 The bus has been here for ten minutes.三、漢譯英。 -------99888 0000 1、 Jim has finished doing his homework already.He is free now.2、 He received a letter yesterday.3、 My father has been to the Great Wall before.4、 She has
35、n#;t seen the new film yet.5、 She has been to Shanghai.6、 Where has he been these days? -------99888 0000 (UNIT2) 去 行 (注意 when while as 引 的 狀 從句。 ) (UNIT3) 被 復(fù) “三步曲 ” 被 是 的一種形式 ,表示主 是 作的承受者。在 年的中考 中 ,都有一定數(shù)量的考 被 的 目。因此 ,有必要 被 行系 復(fù) 。 第一曲 :掌握被 的 構(gòu) 被 由 ” 助 +及物 的 去分 t;
36、 構(gòu)成。不同 的被 的差異主要體 在助 be 的 化 上 ,同 助 be 要在人稱和數(shù)上與主 保持一致。 將初中 段常 的幾種 的被 如下 : 1.一般 在 的被 :am/is/are+done( 指及物 的 去分 ,下同 )如 : English is used all over the world.2.一般 去 的被 :was/were+done 如: The pture was painted two years ago.3.在 行 的被 :am/is/are+being+done 如 : The flowers are being
37、 watered by them now.4.在完成 的被 :have(has)+been+done 如 :The room has been cleaned.5.一般將來 的被 :will/be going to+be+done 如: The work will be finished tomorrow.6.含有情 的被 :情 +be+done 如 :Your homework must be handed in today.其它幾種特殊句型: It is said that .. It is well known that .It is reported
38、that ..have sth done 第二曲 :掌握主 被 的方法 把主 被 , 走好以下三步 : 1)主 的 被 的主 ; 2)主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng) 詞由主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)形式 ; 3)主 構(gòu)的主 介 by 的 , 成介 短 ,放在被 構(gòu)的 之后。 在無 明 作的 行者或只 作的承受者 ,by 短 可以省略。 看示范 : 主 :My brother repaired that bike yesterday.主 其余部分 被 :That bike was repaired (by m
39、y brother) yesterday.主 by+ 其余部分 于主 被 方法的考 ,主要在句型 目中出 。只要能 按照上面介 的方法去做 ,一 般是能 做 的。 第三曲 :注意主 被 的幾種特殊句型 1.含有短 的被 -------99888 0000 一般來說 ,只有 及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài) 。另外 ,許多不及物動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞 ,相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng) 詞 ,后面也可加賓語。在變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí) ,注意 不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞 ,常見的這類短語動(dòng)詞有 :take care of, look after, take off, l
40、ook at, send for, look up 等。如 : The old people should be taken good care of.2.含有雙賓語的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句改為被動(dòng)句時(shí) ,應(yīng)將其中一個(gè)賓語改為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主語 ,另一個(gè)賓語仍保留在原處。一種 情況是把間接賓語 (指人 )變?yōu)橹髡Z ,直接賓語 (指物 )不變。另一種情況是把直接賓語 (指物 )變?yōu)橹髡Z ,間接賓語 ( 指人 ) 不變 ,這時(shí) ,間接賓語前通常加介詞 to,有時(shí)加 for 。如 : My father gave me a new book on my birthday. →
41、I was ven a new book (by my father) on my birthday.( 間接賓語作了主語 ) A new book was ven to me (by my father) on my birthday.( 直接賓語作了主語 ) 3.帶有復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 帶有復(fù)合賓語 (賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語 )的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí) ,只把賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語 ,原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語不動(dòng)。同時(shí) ,如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是省略 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式 ,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí) ,必須加上不定式符號(hào) to,這類動(dòng)詞有 make, let, see, hear, watch 等。如 :
42、We find English very useful. → English is found very useful.賓語 賓補(bǔ) I often hear him sing in his room. → He is often heard to sing in his room.賓語 賓補(bǔ) 4.有的動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式可以表示被動(dòng)意義 ,這類動(dòng)詞有 : wash, sell, smell, taste, sound, feel 等。如 : The books sell well. The food tastes good.以上四種情況在中考 題目中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn) ,同學(xué)們?cè)谂龅筋愃? 題目時(shí) ,
43、應(yīng)首先分析^p 屬于哪種情況 ,然后再根據(jù)掌握 的知識(shí)來做題。 二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)考點(diǎn)歸納 1. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),被動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)和主動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。如: We speak English . (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) English by us.[分析^p ]此句主動(dòng)語態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),被動(dòng)語態(tài)也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),因此,答案應(yīng)是 is spoken。 2. 注意被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是: am / is / are + p.p ;一般過去時(shí)是: was / were + p.p ;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是: have / has / been + p.p;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是:
44、am / is / are / + being + p.p;含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的是:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + p.p。 有詩曰:被動(dòng)語態(tài)須注意,謂語不離 “be”“ p。.p主”謂一致別忘記, “進(jìn)行 ”易丟一個(gè) “be?!? -------99888 0000 (注: p.p 過去分詞)。如: We must take good care of our eyes. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) Our eyes must good care of.[分析^p ]此句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must,那么,我們根據(jù) “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be+p.p.”的公式可知,答案應(yīng)是 be taken。 注意句中主謂語的
45、一致關(guān)系。如: Tea ( grow) in southeast of China and India.[分析^p ]此句中主語 tea 是不可數(shù)名詞,作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。而此句說明的又是一自然現(xiàn)象, 因此就應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。所以,答案應(yīng)是 is grown 。 注意復(fù)合賓語的變化。如: They couldn ” t make the cow go(.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) [分析^p ] the cow go 在句中作 make 的復(fù)合賓語。一般情況下,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后,賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)形式、 所處位置原封不動(dòng)地保存下來,但 make / have / le
46、t / see / watch / hear 等后原可省的 to 要還原回來。顯然,此句 中, the cow go 中省去的 to 應(yīng)還原回來,因此答案應(yīng)是 The cow couldn ”t be made to go.注意雙賓語的變化。如: Mr Smith showed the students two ptures yesterday . (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) Two ptures the students by Mr Smith.[分析^p ]變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),雙賓語中的任何一個(gè)皆可變?yōu)橹髡Z,一般變直接賓語,但間接賓語前必須加上介 詞 to 或 for。此句中顯然是把
47、直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語,那么,間接賓語前須加上介詞 to,所以答案應(yīng)是 were shown to 。 6. 注意短語動(dòng)詞中的 “小詞 ”。如: The old men and the children in our country.A.must take good care B.must be taken good care C.must be taken good care of D.must take good care of [分析^p ] 短語動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的整體, 應(yīng)當(dāng)做一個(gè)詞來看待, 變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后, “小詞 ”不能丟棄。 因此, 此題答案應(yīng)是 C
48、。 被動(dòng)語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 1.—How long at this job? — Since 1990.A.were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed -------99888 0000 — What hened to the preless works of art? — .They were destroyed in the earthquake The earthquake was destroying them They destro
49、yed in the earthquake The earthquake destroyed them 3.If city noises from increasing, people shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.A.are not kept; will have to B.are not kept; have to C.do not keep; will have to D.do not keep; have to 4.— Do you like the material? — Y
50、es, it very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt 5.I need one more st before my collection .A.has pleted B.pletes C.has been pleted D.is pleted 6.All the preparations for the task , and we#;re ready to start.A.pleted B.plete C.had been pleted D.have been pleted 7.Hundreds of jobs if
51、the factory closes.A.lose B.will be lost C.are lost D.will lose 8.A new cinema here.They hope to finish it month.A.will be built B.is built C.has been built D.is being built 9.After the class ,the students went out of the classroom one by one, but only Mary.A.left B.had left C.was leaving D.was
52、left 10.The teacher told the students that they to be useful men to the country.A.were all epected B.were all epecting C.all were epected D.all epected 11.Hein a shower last night and got wet through.A.caught B.was caught C.had caught D.caught up 12.The thief when he was stealing a wallet from
53、 a woman.A.hened to note B.was taken place to note -------99888 0000 C.was hened to be noted D.hened to be noted 13.He and was made to repeat it.A.didn#;t understand B.didn#;t be understood C.wasn#;t understand D.wasn#;t understood 14.The pupils here all kinds of eercises every day in the pa
54、st few weeks.A.kept busy doing B.keep on doing C.have kept busy doing D.have been kept busy doing —What were you doing when Tom came to see you? —I on my overcoat and to visit a friend of mine.A.have just put; leaving B.was put; was left C .had just put; was leaving D.was putting; left 16.The
55、y said good-bye, hardly knog that they again.A.were never met B.will never meet C.never met D.were never to meet —What hened to the postman? —I don#;t know.He around here for a long time.A.hasn#;t seen B.didn#;t see C.wasn#;t seen D.hasn#;t been seen 18.Don#;t get that ink on your shirt, for it.
56、A.won#;t wash out B.won#;t be washed out C.isn#;t washed out D.doesn#;t wash away 19.—Do you know anyone in Paris? —No.I#;ll make friends once.A.I#;m settled B.I have settled C.I#;ll be settled D.I#;m settling 20.Not having finished his homework, to watch TV.A.Mother forbade him B.so he was fo
57、rbidden C.and he wanted D.he was forbidden —Bob, you on the phone.—.A.are needed; I#;m ing B.are wanted; ing C.are called; I#;ll e D.are rung up; Thanks 22.E-mail, as well as telephones, an important part in daily munation.A.is being played B.are playing C.have played D.is playing -------99888 0000 23.Jackson to work in government offe though he hated serving there.A.wanted B.was wanted C.was wanting D.had wanted 24.Your cough ought before it gets worse.A.to see B.to be seen C.to see to D.t 第 26 頁 共 26 頁
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