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1、選修六Unit 1Artn摘要；抽象(的概念)1abstract adj.抽象的；深?yuàn)W的vt.提??；抽出；摘錄要點(diǎn)2faith n信任；信心；信念3aim n目標(biāo)；目的vi.& vt.瞄準(zhǔn)；(向某方向)努力；立志要；目的在于4adopt vt.采用；采納；收養(yǎng)5shadow n陰影；影子vt.嘗試；企圖6attempt n努力；嘗試；企圖7predict vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)告；預(yù)測(cè)vt. 將 上 訴8 appeal vi. 有 感 染 力 ； 呼 吁 ； 求 助n呼吁；懇求n摘要；抽象(的概念)1abstract adj.抽象的；深?yuàn)W的vt.提取；抽出；摘錄要點(diǎn)例句This is an abstr

2、act of his lecture.這是他的演講摘要。I can not understand the abstract concept.我無(wú)法理解這個(gè)抽象的概念。They are abstracting metal from ore.他們正在從礦砂中提取金屬。搭配in the abstract 抽象地；在理論上abstract.from 從中提取運(yùn)用完成句子(1)她從橘子中提取汁液。She _ juice _ oranges.(2)有些人認(rèn)為美本身是抽象的。Some people say that beauty itself is _. abstractedfromabstract2aim

3、 n目標(biāo)；目的 vi.& vt.瞄準(zhǔn)；(向某方向)努力；立志要；目的在于例句 Whats your aim at school？你的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)是什么？I aimed to be the best student in our school.我的目標(biāo)是成為學(xué)校最好的學(xué)生。搭配aim at sth.take aim at sth.瞄準(zhǔn)某物aim at doing sth.aim to do sth.立志要做某事；目的在于做某事aim sth.at sth.把瞄準(zhǔn)with the aim of 有的目的aim for 以為最終目的運(yùn)用完成句子(1)你永遠(yuǎn)應(yīng)該以做好你的工作為目的。You should

4、always _ your job well.(2)為了賺到足夠的錢(qián)，他工作到深夜。_enough money, he worked late into thenight.(3)我們必須把持久的世界和平作為最終目標(biāo)。We must _ the lasting world peace.aim at doing/to doWith the aim of earningaim for3adopt vt.采用；采納；收養(yǎng)例句All the workers agreed to adopt a new idea to reformthe factory.所有員工都同意采納新意見(jiàn)來(lái)改革工廠。Many new

5、 couples are eager to adopt the children losingtheir parents in the earthquake.許多新夫婦都期望收養(yǎng)在地震中失去雙親的孩子。搭配運(yùn)用adopt sb.(as sth.) 收養(yǎng)某人(作為兒女或繼承人)完成句子(1)他們采用新的養(yǎng)羊技術(shù)。They _ new techniques in raising sheep.(2)他們沒(méi)有親生兒女，就收養(yǎng)了一個(gè)孤兒。As they had no children of their own, they _ an orphan.adopt(ed)adopted4attempt n努力；

6、嘗試；企圖vt.嘗試；企圖例句My first attempt at making a chocolate cake failed.我第一次試做巧克力蛋糕失敗了。They attempted to force the door open, but failed.他們?cè)噲D弄開(kāi)這道門(mén)，但是失敗了。搭配attempt to do sth.企圖做某事make an attempt to do sth./at doing sth.試圖做某事運(yùn)用完成句子(1)他試圖講話，可是被制止了。He _ but was told to be quiet.(2)他試著算出這道數(shù)學(xué)題。He made _ the mat

7、hsproblem.attempted to speakan attempt to work out/at working outvt.將上訴n5appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助呼吁；懇求例句He was appealing for funds to build a new school.他在懇求撥款修建一所新學(xué)校。She appealed her case to a higher court.她向上一級(jí)法院申訴。Their appeal for help went unheeded.他們求助的呼吁未受到注意。搭配appeal to (對(duì)某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感興趣；呼吁；上訴ap

8、peal for 懇求運(yùn)用完成句子(1)政府呼吁市民節(jié)約用水。The government _ citizens for saving water.(2)意識(shí)到了自己的錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)犯人請(qǐng)求寬恕。Realizing his mistakes, the criminal _ mercy.appealed toappealed for用本單元所學(xué)單詞及用法完成下列句子1眾所周知，金屬能從礦石中被提煉出來(lái)。It is known to all that metal can _ from ore.2他懷著我會(huì)幫助他的信念來(lái)求助于我。He came to me in the _ that I could h

9、elp him.3他們?cè)噲D繼續(xù)干但卻無(wú)法繼續(xù)下去。They _ go on with the work but couldnt.4我們的最終目的是到今年年底完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。We _ the completion of the task by the end of the year.be abstractedfaithattempted toaim for5他的幽默感把她強(qiáng)烈地吸引住了。His sense of humour _ her enormously.6她成了孤兒，一位貧農(nóng)婦女收養(yǎng)了她。She was left an orphan and a poor peasant woman _ he

10、r.7太陽(yáng)下山時(shí)，物體的影子會(huì)變得更長(zhǎng)。As the sun sets, the _ become longer.8算命先生預(yù)言我會(huì)同一位醫(yī)生結(jié)婚。The fortune-teller _ that I would marry a doctor.appealed toadoptedshadowspredicted1a great deal 大量2on (the) one hand.on the other (hand) 一方面另一方面3in the flesh 活著的；本人；親自1a great deal 大量(作名詞或副詞)例句Ive accomplished a great deal in

11、 the last few months.在過(guò)去的幾個(gè)月里，我完成了相當(dāng)多的工作。拓展表示“許多的；大量的”的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)有：a great/good deal of不可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)謂語(yǔ))a (large) quantity of可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)謂語(yǔ))(large) quantities of可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞(復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ))a large amount of不可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)謂語(yǔ))large amounts of不可數(shù)名詞(復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ))plenty of/lots of/a lot of可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞(復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù)謂語(yǔ))a large number of可數(shù)名詞(復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ))a great/good

12、many可數(shù)名詞(復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ))運(yùn)用完成句子(1)他非常喜歡游泳。He likes to swim_.(2)大量的工作等著我們?nèi)プ?。_work awaits us to do.(3)這個(gè)地區(qū)需要大量的水。_water are needed in this area.a great dealA great deal of/A quantity of/A large amount of/Plenty of/Lotsof/A lot ofQuantities of/Large amounts of 2on (the) one hand.on the other (hand) 一方面另一方面例句On (t

13、he) one hand I valued his friendship, but on theother (hand) I disliked his self-pride and selfishness.我一方面珍惜和他的友誼，另一方面又討厭他的驕傲和自私。注意運(yùn)用on the other hand 單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，hand 不能省略。完成句子一方面我是你的老師，另一方面我也是你的朋友。_, I am your teacher, and_,I am also your friend.On (the) one handon the other (hand)3in the flesh 活著的；本人；

14、親自例句Fans gathered to see their heroes in the flesh.崇拜者聚集在一起去看他們的英雄本人。拓展運(yùn)用in flesh 肥胖；臃腫完成句子他的粉絲們擔(dān)心看不到他本人。His fans are worried that they will not see him_.in the flesh用本單元所學(xué)短語(yǔ)及用法完成下列句子1我覺(jué)得我們受到了大量的鼓勵(lì)。I think we were encouraged_.2我承認(rèn)我更喜歡浪漫電影。I admit that I_ romantic movies.3巧合地是，他們一同到達(dá)了這里。_, they arriv

15、ed here at the same time.4我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)他本人。I have never seen him _.a great dealhave a preference forBy coincidencein the flesh5一方面我想要更多的錢(qián)，另一方面我又不打算靠加班來(lái)賺得。_, Id like more money, but _, Im not prepared to work the extra hours to get it.6隨著新年即將到來(lái)，我們有大量的準(zhǔn)備工作要做。As the new year is approaching, we have _preparatio

16、n work to do.On (the) one handon the other(hand)a great/good deal of原句 1Without the new paints and the new technique, wewould not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which thisperiod is famous.沒(méi)有新的顏料和新的(繪畫(huà))手法，我們就不能看到很多使這一時(shí)期著名的杰作。精講這里 without 引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)暗含的非真實(shí)條件，主句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。精練根據(jù)中文提示，完成下列句子(1)如果

17、沒(méi)有這項(xiàng)政策，并不是所有的孩子都能夠上學(xué)接受家長(zhǎng)無(wú)法支付的教育。 _the policy, not all the children_ go toschool to receive the education for which their parents were notable to pay.(2)沒(méi)有她的及時(shí)幫助，我們就不會(huì)完成我們負(fù)責(zé)的項(xiàng)目。 _ her timely help, we _ theproject for which we were responsible.Withoutwould be able toWithoutwould not have finished原句 2A

18、mong the painters who broke away from thetraditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived andworked in Pairs.在那些打破傳統(tǒng)繪畫(huà)風(fēng)格的畫(huà)家中，主要的是印象主義者，他們?cè)诎屠杈幼『凸ぷ鳌＞v結(jié)構(gòu)：among(介詞)位于句首的倒裝句which/who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句精練根據(jù)中文提示，完成下列句子(1)在所有最具有吸引力的城市中有湛江，它是最近被正式宣布為中國(guó)十大休閑城市之一。_that are the most attractive is Zhanjia

19、ng,_ was recently officially declared one of the Top Ten CasualCities in China.(2)在所有獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的學(xué)生中有杰克，他來(lái)自貧困家庭，現(xiàn)在正在做兼職來(lái)維持自己的生活。_who received the scholarships is Jack,_ is from a poor family and now is doing a part-time job tosupport himself.Among all the citieswhichAmong all the studentswho運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，補(bǔ)充完

20、整下面短文，并背誦之The famous architects designed their buildings like dreams, (1)_( 充 滿 ) fantastic colors and shapes.The Opera House inSydney (2) _ ( 使 人 們 想 起 ) seashells.The 2008Olympic Stadium in Beijing (3) _ (看起來(lái)像) a birds nestmade of tree branches.These buildings (4) _ ( 使 相 信 )people that if archite

21、cts had not had special mind about the art, wewould not have the chance to enjoy the beauty of art works.Theyseem so touching that I would rather visit them (5) _( 本人，親自) now.I dream some day I can design a building that would(6) _ (引起注意) people all over the world.full ofreminds people oflooks likec

22、onvincein the fleshdraw the attention of寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)指導(dǎo)五英語(yǔ)作文的統(tǒng)一性與完整性首先，一個(gè)段落必須有一個(gè)中心即主題思想，該中心由主題句來(lái)表達(dá)，整個(gè)段落必須緊扣這個(gè)主題，這就是段落的統(tǒng)一性。其次，一個(gè)段落必須有若干推展句，使主題思想得到充分展開(kāi)，從而給讀者一個(gè)完整的感覺(jué)，這就是完整性。下面我們就對(duì)這兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分別加以說(shuō)明。1.統(tǒng)一性一個(gè)段落內(nèi)的各個(gè)句子必須從屬于一個(gè)中心，任何游離于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。如：My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit.Iused to weigh two

23、 hundred pounds, so I joined the YMCA for anexercise class and diet program.In one year I lost eighty pounds.Ifeel much better and never want to have that much weight on myfive-feetframeagain.Iboughttwonewsuitcaseslastweek.Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteenlaps, lifting twenty

24、-pound weights and playing tennis for onehour.My mother was a premature baby.本段的中心句是“I like to keep physically fit”，但文中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)不相關(guān)的句子，一個(gè)是“I bought two new suitcases last week.”，另一個(gè)是“My mother was a premature baby.”。考生在高考的作文中常常因?yàn)樵斐霾幌嚓P(guān)的句子而丟分，這值得引起注意。如果這種句子多了，造成偏題或離題，那問(wèn)題就更嚴(yán)重了。2.完整性正如我們前面所說(shuō)，一個(gè)段落的主題思想要靠推展句來(lái)實(shí)

25、現(xiàn)，如果只有主題句而沒(méi)有推展句來(lái)進(jìn)一步交待和充實(shí)，就不能構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的段落。同樣，雖然有推展句，但主題思想沒(méi)有得到相對(duì)圓滿的交待，給讀者一種意猶未盡的感覺(jué)，這樣的段落也不能完成其交際功能。如：It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousandwords.Often writing is much clearer than a picture.It is sometimesdifficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer canalmost

26、always explain it.本段首句所表達(dá)的主題思想是一種看法，必須有具體事例加以驗(yàn)證。而后面的兩個(gè)推展句只是在文字上對(duì)主題作些解釋，整個(gè)段落內(nèi)容空洞，簡(jiǎn)而不明。如果能用一兩個(gè)具體的例子的話，就可以把主題解釋清楚了。如：It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousandwords.Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things.If you cantswim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be betteroff to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming“Help”？