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Unit3講義 人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

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1、Unit 3 How do you get to school? 新課知識(shí)講解與練習(xí) 單詞檢測(cè): 名詞: 火車(chē) 公交車(chē) 地鐵 自行車(chē) 六卜 七十 八十 九十 -百 分鐘 公里 小汽車(chē);轎車(chē) 車(chē)站;停止 河;江 村莊;村鎮(zhèn) 橋 小船 索道 年;歲 村民 夢(mèng)想;睡夢(mèng)v.做夢(mèng) 動(dòng)詞: 騎n旅行 開(kāi)車(chē) 居住;生活 橫過(guò);越過(guò) 認(rèn)為 離開(kāi) 形容詞: 遠(yuǎn);遠(yuǎn)的 新的;剛出現(xiàn)的 每每個(gè) 許多 害怕;懼怕 真的;符合事實(shí)的 介詞: (表示方式)乘(交通工具) 介于…之間 像;怎么樣 詞組檢測(cè): 到校, 坐火車(chē) 乘地鐵. 離開(kāi)去某地 on

2、 January 1,1988 / on April 18, 2002 / on May 31,1977 on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday evening D. 表示持續(xù)?段時(shí)間用介詞“for"。 for + 一段時(shí)間:I lived in Qingdao for 15 years. E. 表示從一點(diǎn)時(shí)間到另一點(diǎn)時(shí)間的一個(gè)階段用介詞“from ... to…” 1. from 9 o'clock to 11 o'clock F. after:在…之后 G. before 在...之前 例題: 1.

3、We will play football three o'clock. A. In B. After C. To D. since 2. 7.Marie Curie,the first woman to win the Nobel Prize,was born November;1867,in the city of Warsaw in Poland. A.at B.on C.in D.to 3. The weather here is very hot summer. A.at B.on C.in D.of 4. —When did the Shanghai Expo op

4、en? 一 May 1st, 2010. A. In B. On C. At D. By 5. The car accident happened a cold winter morning. Luckily, no one was hurt. A. in B. on C. at D. of 大多數(shù)學(xué)生 在一些地方 乘坐校車(chē) 擔(dān)憂,擔(dān)心— 一些 乘汽車(chē)之行 乘坐小船_ 不得不— 把...帶到 從...到… 想到(3想起 騎自行車(chē) 多遠(yuǎn) 乘火車(chē)去上學(xué) 乘船去上學(xué) 和” ”不同 花費(fèi)某人某些時(shí)間去做某事

5、 去國(guó)外旅游 大多數(shù)的 汽車(chē)站 回來(lái) 步行去上學(xué) 語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí): 語(yǔ)法歸納 how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句 1. how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句提問(wèn)交通方式,其答語(yǔ)分三種情況 a. take a/an/the+交通工具(單數(shù)) b. by+交通工具(單數(shù)) c. on/in+限定詞+交通工具 2. how far用來(lái)提問(wèn)距離,多遠(yuǎn),其答語(yǔ)分為兩種: (1) 用長(zhǎng)度單位表示:It is five kilometers. (2) 用時(shí)間表示:lt?s twenty minutes' walk. 3. how long用來(lái)提問(wèn)時(shí)間,意為多久回答常用“for+段時(shí)氣 ----

6、How long have you learnt English? 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)詳解 1. get表示“到達(dá)”,后接名詞需加to,接地點(diǎn)副詞不加to. reach給示到達(dá),是及物動(dòng)詞,其后直接接賓語(yǔ)。 arrive in+大地點(diǎn)arrive at +小地點(diǎn)后接副詞不需介詞。 2. 四個(gè)花費(fèi): It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間/錢(qián)做某事 Sb pay some money for sth某人為某物花費(fèi)多少錢(qián) Sb spend some time/money on sth某人在做某事或某物上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/錢(qián) Sb spend

7、some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢(qián) 3. have to后加動(dòng)詞原形,側(cè)重客觀的需要,有“不得不,被迫”之意,有多種時(shí)態(tài)形式,否定式為don't have to(needn*t) 意為“不必"。 Must側(cè)重于說(shuō)話者的主觀看法,認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)做某事,只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)一種形式,否定式must't意為"一定不要, 不允許,禁止"反意詞為“needn't”。 4. 交通方式的詢問(wèn):How do you get to school ?回答: Sb. spend time/ money on sth/

8、in doing sth. Sb. pay money for sth 物 cost sb. time/ money. 6. 對(duì)于路程有多遠(yuǎn)的提問(wèn):How far is it from his home to school? 回答:It's about 10 kilometers (away )from his home to school. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)辨析: be far from, away from, from ..to . ?far from, 離…遠(yuǎn) My school is far from my home. S 具體路程+away from, My school i

9、s 10 kilometers away from my home. frorrioo to, 從。。至" lt,s 10 kilometers (away) from my school to my home. A +be + 路程距離 from +B, My school (A) is 10 kilometers from my home (B). 7. 其它重要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) ① hundred , 注意: 幾百幾百 不用加 s,如,seven hundred; 303 名學(xué)生:three hundred and three students ③ride的不同詞性:ride作動(dòng)詞,騎

10、(自行車(chē)、馬等);作名詞,旅行,旅程(不可數(shù)) First, he rides his bicycle to the bus station. The bus ride usually takes about 25minutes. ① 一天三餐前一辦不加冠詞,但是若有形容詞,那是指具體的某一頓飯或具體的飲食,可用冠詞。 ② take sb/sth to +地點(diǎn),把某人、某物送到。。。 ③ think of = think about,認(rèn)為...以為... what do you think of / about the trip? = How do you like the trip?

11、 ④ mean作名詞,means,方法,方式,手段,單復(fù)數(shù)同形,means of transportation,交通方式 ⑤ North China,華北;North America,北美洲;the north of China ,中國(guó)北方,the north of America,美國(guó)北部 ⑥ bus stop / bus station ; subway station, train station .. ⑦ bicycle = bike ⑧ quick -quickly ⑨ wait for等候,等待。。wait at +地點(diǎn),等在。。 考點(diǎn)總結(jié): 考點(diǎn)一:數(shù)詞hundr

12、ed的用法(thousand同hundred用法一樣) 用單數(shù):這些詞與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí),習(xí)慣上用單數(shù),而且也不后接介詞of。如: There are two hundred students in our school. 用復(fù)數(shù):當(dāng)這些詞不與具體數(shù)字連用,而是表示不確定的泛指數(shù)時(shí),則不僅要要用復(fù)數(shù),而且要后接介詞of,然后 才能接名詞。如: Hundred of people go to the beach every summer. 例題: 1. trees have been planted near here, so the air is very fresh. A.

13、Two hundreds B. Hundred of C. Hundreds of D. Hundreds 2. More than two years ago, people knew little about the universe. A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of 考點(diǎn)二:三個(gè)“花費(fèi)〃的區(qū)別 take: It takes/took sb. sometime t。do sth.(—般是花費(fèi)時(shí)間).做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間 spend: 主語(yǔ)(人)SDend/sDent + time/monev (in)

14、 doing sth. 或 吝 on sth. pay可用于表示花費(fèi)金錢(qián),主語(yǔ)是人pay (sb.) money for sth.付錢(qián)(給某人)買(mǎi) 例題: 1. om spent 200 yuan this book. A . in B. on C. for D. with 2. It will you half an hour to walk there. I get / go to school on foot 1 walk by bike 1 ride a bike by car 1 drive a /my car by bus 1 take

15、a / the bus by train 1 take a/ the train by plan/air 1 take a/ the plan 注意點(diǎn):并不是所有都用take,也并不是所有都用by,注意四個(gè)方面 ⑩ 步行特殊的:walk = go ..on foot, ? By car, by bike = drive a / my car, ride a / my bike ?By +交通工具無(wú)冠詞,但ride a bike/ drive a car/ take a bus等必須有冠詞a/the.

16、 ?除了介詞by +交通工具外,還可以用on/ in +交通工具,on a bus, in a car, on my bike .... 回答:It takes me 30 minutes.)重點(diǎn)句型) 5. 對(duì)于路程多久的提問(wèn):How long does it take ? 重/難點(diǎn)辨析:花費(fèi)take, spend, pay ,cost It takes sb time/ money to do sth.(有時(shí)態(tài)變化,過(guò)去式 took,) A . spend B. cost C. take D. pay 1. …How much did you for this MP4, S

17、ally? ---1 got it for 800 yuan. A. pay B. spend C. take D. cost 4. I some of my free time playing basketball for my school team. A. spend B.cost C. take D. pay 考點(diǎn)三:關(guān)于How的特殊疑問(wèn)句 how old (年齡)多 大 問(wèn)年齡 How old are you? She is ten years old. how long/ 多長(zhǎng)/ 問(wèn)長(zhǎng)度/ 一段時(shí) 間 How long is your ruler?

18、 The river is 15 miles. The meeting lasted for two hours. how big (體積)多 大 問(wèn)大小 How big is the elephant? My room is 25 sauare metres. how many 多少(數(shù) 量) 問(wèn)數(shù)量 可數(shù) How many pencils do you have? There are three people in my family. how much 多少(價(jià) 錢(qián)) 多少(數(shù) 量) 問(wèn)價(jià)錢(qián) 問(wèn)數(shù)量 不可數(shù) How much is your

19、 shirt? My shirt is 10 dollars. There is little milk in the bottle. how far 多遠(yuǎn) 問(wèn)路程 How far is your school? It's about five mi/rt/tes walk. how fast 多快 問(wèn)速度 How fast can he skateboard.? She can run 10 miles au hour. 考題: 1.( )_ is a ticker for the film Hacker He? About forty yuan A.

20、 How old B. How many C. How much D. How often 2 — do you live in Binzhou?[ —For about ten years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How much 考點(diǎn)四:固定句型:what do you think of sth.? What do you think of ...?用來(lái)詢問(wèn)你對(duì)某人或某事的看法、態(tài)度等,譯為一你認(rèn)為/覺(jué)得某物/某人怎么樣? 相當(dāng)于 How do you like ...? 肯定回答常用:I love it.

21、/1 like it. / If cool.我喜歡/很酷。 否定回答用:I can' stand it. / It' terrible. /1 don,like it.我無(wú)法忍受/太糟了/我不喜歡。 中性回答用:I don,mind.我不介意,我不在乎。 例如: —What do you think of action movies? 你覺(jué)得動(dòng)作片怎么樣? —Action movies? I love them so much,動(dòng)作片?我很喜歡。 —How do you like sitcoms?你認(rèn)為情景喜劇如何? -lean,stand them.我無(wú)法忍受。(言外之意我一點(diǎn)

22、也不喜歡) 例題: 1. -What do you your hometown? - I love it very much. A. look at B. talk about C. think of D. like 2. - How do you like the movie? - . A. It's wonderful B. What about you C. No, I don't like it D. Kd like to see it tomorrow 考點(diǎn)五:區(qū)別cross和across cross是動(dòng)詞,“穿過(guò),越過(guò),渡過(guò)〃的意思。主要表示在物體表面上橫穿。如橫過(guò)馬

23、路、 過(guò)橋、過(guò)江河湖等,與go across同義。有時(shí)可指"畫(huà)十字,劃叉刪去〃之意,。 例如:Be careful when you cross the street.過(guò)馬路時(shí)要小心。 Cross (Go across )the bridge, and you will see a big building. 過(guò)這座橋你就會(huì)看到一棟大樓。 across 是介詞,across與go/walk等動(dòng)詞連用表示“穿過(guò),越過(guò),橫穿”的意思。與cross基本同義,也是表示從物體表面 經(jīng)過(guò)。 例如,Go across the road , you will find the post off

24、ice on your left.橫過(guò)這條公路,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)郵局就在你的左邊。 例題:用cross和across填空 1. We must the road very carefully. 2. Go the bridge and you will see the station. 3. 考點(diǎn)六:固定句型:It is +adj. +for sb. +to do sth. It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth表示做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)很怎么樣(adj.) It's difficult of/for us to finish the work. It is impo

25、rtant for/of you to study hard. 例題: It is relaxing a happy time with our family or friends.(spend) 考點(diǎn)七:固定結(jié)構(gòu):數(shù)詞-名詞-形容詞 如:a ten-year-old boy —個(gè)10歲大的男孩組成一個(gè)形容詞,用來(lái)修飾名詞 比較:The boy is ten years old.這個(gè)男孩 10 歲了。 例題: He is and he has an sister. A.ten years old ,8 -year-old B. ten years old, 8 years o

26、ld A.ten-year-old ,8 -year-old B. ten years old, 8 -year-old 考點(diǎn)八:like作介詞 1. 用作動(dòng)詞(v.),意思為\”愛(ài),愛(ài)好,喜歡\“,無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),既表示對(duì)'”人或者事物的真摯的感情\”,又表示\”對(duì)某 事有著濃厚的興趣、愛(ài)好后面可以接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或者不定式。 如: My younger brother likes strawberries very much.我的小弟弟非常喜歡吃草荏。 He likes swimming. 2. 用作介詞(prep.) , like前邊一般情況下要有be,翻譯成\”像....

27、..\”。 如:The baby is like his mother. (=The baby looks like his mother.)這個(gè)小嬰兒長(zhǎng)得像他媽媽。 例題: 1. Do you like housework? 2.1 playing basketball. A. am not like B. donzt like C. isn't D. likes 考點(diǎn)九:thanks for... 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)Thanks for的意思是 為…而感謝你,它相當(dāng)于Thank you for,介詞for的后面可以用名詞作賓語(yǔ),也 可以用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。 例題: Thanks

28、 for (call)me. 考點(diǎn)十:介詞的用法 目前學(xué)至U的介詞有: in、 on、 at、to、from、 by、 with、for、 about、 after、 before, across, under, between 介詞是一種虛詞,不能獨(dú)立存在。它必須和隨后的補(bǔ)足成分(乂稱“介詞賓語(yǔ)")一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),才能用于句中。 介詞賓語(yǔ)可以是名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞等?,F(xiàn)分別舉例如下:0介詞+名詞,例如:(go) by bus乘公共汽車(chē)(去)(play) in the park在公園里(玩)(come) on Sunday 星期天(來(lái)) 0介詞+代詞,例如:(talk) to o

29、neself對(duì)自己(說(shuō)),自言自語(yǔ) (a letter) for you 給你的(信) 0介詞+數(shù)詞,例如:(cut sth) in two (把 切)成兩半 0介詞+動(dòng)名詞,例如:(a way) of doing that做那件事的(方式)be good at drawing pictures善于畫(huà)畫(huà) 表示時(shí)間的介詞 A. 表示較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間(長(zhǎng)于一天或短于一天)如:年、年份、月份、季節(jié)、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些習(xí)慣用法 中要用介詞“in〃。 in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847 (年份) in October / in February / in March

30、(月份) in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter (季節(jié)) B. 表示時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)(或表示某時(shí)刻)如:鐘點(diǎn)、年齡或其它的習(xí)慣用法中要用“at”。 at ten o'clock / at seven thirty.(表示某一鐘點(diǎn)) at noon / at night / at midnight (在中午、晚上、半夜 一天中相對(duì)短暫的時(shí)間) C. 表示某一天或者特定(某一天上下午)的時(shí)間用介詞“on”。 on Monday / on Tuesday / on Wednesday / on Friday on January 1 / on April 18 / on May 31

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