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1、Lesson 4 UnderstandingPre-Reading1. Which of these things help you to understand things?1) being relaxed and happy 2) having time to think about what you are learning3) being interested in the topic4) discussing topics with friends5) asking questionsacquirethinkingrankworthyreligiondefenceignoreunwi

2、llingvtvt. .獲得，得到獲得，得到n.n.思考，考慮思考，考慮n.n.職銜職銜adj.adj.值得的值得的n.n.宗教宗教n.n.保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)vtvt. .忽視，不顧忽視，不顧adj.adj.不情愿的不情愿的assumptionurgeinspireshadowconventionalkingdomcivilisationn.n.假定，假設(shè)假定，假設(shè)vtvt. .力勸，強(qiáng)烈要求力勸，強(qiáng)烈要求v.v.鼓舞，鼓勵(lì)鼓舞，鼓勵(lì)n.n.陰影，影子陰影，影子adj.adj.傳統(tǒng)的，保守的傳統(tǒng)的，保守的n.n.王國王國n.n.文明文明vitalbeneficialimageassumebe

3、 accustomed totend toapprove ofadj.adj.極其重要的極其重要的adj.adj.有用的，有益的有用的，有益的n.n.景象，形象景象，形象vtvt. .假定，假設(shè)假定，假設(shè)習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于經(jīng)常做，傾向于經(jīng)常做，傾向于贊成，贊許贊成，贊許2. Read Text 1. Which of the options in Exercise 1 does the writer suggest we use to understand things? How else does she suggest that we acquire knowledge?Strategy 5-

4、asking questions 培培 根根Knowledge is power. Truth is the daughter of time, not of authority. In order for the light to shine so brightly, the darkness must be present. 伽利略伽利略Galileo GalileiAll truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them.3. Read texts 1-4Which

5、of the underlined linking words mean the same as these?Example as = whenafterwards, but, since, so he could, so, to start with, when, nextafterward/later; but/however; since/because; so he could/in order to; so/therefore; to start with/at first; when/as; next/following Read the text again. Answer th

6、ese questions.1)Does the writer believe that the Baconian Method of scientific thought is a good way to gain knowledge?Yes. He said modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the worlds problems with this type of analysisluckily for us.2) What image does the writer use to explain how men like

7、Bacon and Galileo helped educate people?an image of setting forth their scientific ideas3) Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth?Because it felt like the earth was standing still.4) Would the writer describe the people of the church during Galileos time as having open or close

8、d minds?The writer describe the people of the church during Galileos time as having closed minds.5) Do you think people like Bacon and Galileo would have thought it was a good idea to open libraries and set up universities? Why?No. Because at that time people believed more in religion than in facts.

9、 Find these verbs about learning in the text, then match them with their meanings below.Vocabulary: Words about learningacquire, observe, consider, test, discover, inspire, solve, challenge1)to look at closely observe 2) to get acquire 3) to go against popular challenge4) to encourage learning inspi

10、re5) to find the answer to a problem solve6) to think about sometime from all sides consider 7) to see if an answer is right test8) to find something for the first time discoverComplete the sentences with the correct form of the words below.accustomed, bureaucratic, tend, approve, beneficial, worthy

11、, urge, vital, unwilling, assumption, defence, BC, kingdom, rank 1. Ben _to lie whenever he feels he might get into trouble.accustomed2. You might find it _to STUDY before your next exam!3.I dont _of the man she is marrying. Hes not _of her.4. He _ me to give up smoking. He said it was _for my healt

12、h.vitalapproveworthytendsbeneficial5. I worked for government for so I am_ to doing a lot ofurged_work.bureaucratic6. David ruled his _ for 400 years, from 1000 _.7. Im _ to make any _ about my new job in case Im wrong.8. In the war ,men of all different _ helped in the _ of the city.kingdomBCassump

13、tionunwillingdefenceranksLanguage points1to start with 1）in the first place 第一；第一；一來一來我們的錢不夠，我們的錢不夠， 二來我們沒時(shí)間。二來我們沒時(shí)間。To start with we hadnt enough money and secondly were too busy.2）at the beginning 起初；開始時(shí)起初；開始時(shí) The club had only six members to start with.這個(gè)俱樂部這個(gè)俱樂部最初最初只有六個(gè)成員。只有六個(gè)成員。 2. 1）worthy of

14、sb/sth 適合于某人適合于某人/某事某事It was difficult to find words worthy of the occasion. 很難找到很難找到適合于適合于那種場合的言詞。那種場合的言詞。2）worthy of sthTheir efforts are worthy of your support.應(yīng)得某事物；值得做某事應(yīng)得某事物；值得做某事他們的這樣努力他們的這樣努力應(yīng)得應(yīng)得到你的支持。到你的支持。3） approve of sb/sthI approve of your trying to earn some money. But please dont negl

15、ect your studies. 贊成；認(rèn)可；滿意；同意贊成；認(rèn)可；滿意；同意我我同意同意你去掙一些錢，但是請不要忽你去掙一些錢，但是請不要忽視了學(xué)習(xí)。視了學(xué)習(xí)。4. fight for sth爭取獲得或完成某事物爭取獲得或完成某事物fight for freedom, independence爭取爭取自由、獨(dú)立自由、獨(dú)立5. vital to 對事物的存在、成功或運(yùn)作極重要的，對事物的存在、成功或運(yùn)作極重要的，必不可少的必不可少的The police perform a vital role to our society. 警察在我們的社會(huì)起著警察在我們的社會(huì)起著極其重要的極其重要的作用。作用。Homework1Reread the text and try to remember these new words and expressions.2WritingIf you are Sophie, what will you do facing the same thing. Are you also interested in philosophy? Write a passage to express your own ideas .(about 100 words)