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1、虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 1. To go over some basic knowledge of subjunctive mood.2. To do some exercises to master the grammar.【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】虛擬語氣虛擬語氣(Subjunctive mood)概念概念:一種表示愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣，用來表示一種表示愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣，用來表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者可能性很小的情況。說的話不是事實(shí)，或者可能性很小的情況。1.If he hadnt created the monster, his wife wouldnt have died.2.If I ha

2、d one million now, I would donate it to poor people.3.If it should be fine tomorrow, I would go to climb the mountain.if引導(dǎo)的條件句的虛擬語氣：引導(dǎo)的條件句的虛擬語氣：虛擬語氣動(dòng)詞形式對(duì)應(yīng)虛擬語氣動(dòng)詞形式對(duì)應(yīng) 動(dòng)詞形式動(dòng)詞形式時(shí)間時(shí)間從句從句主句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)可能與將來事實(shí)可能相反相反動(dòng)詞過去式（動(dòng)詞過去式（be的過的過去式一般用去式一般用were）would should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形could might h

3、ad +過去分詞過去分詞would should +have+過去分詞過去分詞could might1.動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式2.should +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形3.were to動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形would should +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形could might【跟蹤演練跟蹤演練】1.要是我上個(gè)學(xué)期努力學(xué)習(xí)英語的話，我就不會(huì)考試失敗了。要是我上個(gè)學(xué)期努力學(xué)習(xí)英語的話，我就不會(huì)考試失敗了。2.假如他今晚能回來的話，他也許會(huì)給你一些建議。假如他今晚能回來的話，他也許會(huì)給你一些建議。If I had studied English hard last term, I wouldnt have fail

4、ed the exam.If he were to come back this evening, he might give you some advice.3.要是我是你，我明天就向老師道歉。要是我是你，我明天就向老師道歉。4.要是我是你要是我是你 ，我就聽老師的建議。，我就聽老師的建議。If I were you, I would apologize to the teacher tomorrow.If I were you, I would follow the teachers advice.省略省略if的條件句需符合的條件：的條件句需符合的條件：條件句的謂語動(dòng)詞有系動(dòng)詞條件句的謂語

5、動(dòng)詞有系動(dòng)詞were, 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞had或或should，可將，可將if省略，而把省略，而把were，had，should移到主語前。移到主語前。if 條件句的省略和倒裝條件句的省略和倒裝1.Were I you, I would try it again. 2. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.3. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. 請看下例：請看下例：if 條件句的倒裝條件句的倒裝if 溜，溜，had, should, were句首走。句首走。1._ t

6、o do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I【跟蹤演練跟蹤演練】2. _ difficulties, we would be successful. A. Should we overcomeB. Would we overcomeC. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome 3. _ the exam, he would have attended college. A. If he passed B. Had he passe

7、d C. Were he passed D. If he should pass4. _ five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A.If you should arriveB. If you arriveC. Had you arrivedD. Should you arrive找準(zhǔn)時(shí)間找準(zhǔn)時(shí)間 靈活對(duì)應(yīng)靈活對(duì)應(yīng)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語氣錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語氣1.If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 2.If he had not taken my advice, he wo

8、uldnt do it much better like this. 3. If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.1.Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from that today.2.But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.3.Im glad that I went over all my notes; otherwise I would have failed the exam.【跟蹤演練

9、跟蹤演練】（熟讀并體會(huì)其用法）（熟讀并體會(huì)其用法）含蓄條件虛擬語氣含蓄條件虛擬語氣without, otherwise, or，but for其他形式的虛擬句其他形式的虛擬句【拓展延伸拓展延伸】1.wishwish + thatHow I wishdid/were 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在had done 過去過去would / might /could do 將來將來(1)我要是記得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）我要是記得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）I wish I remembered the address.(2)要是他沒有離開這里就好了。（他已離開）要是他沒有離開這里就好了。（他已離開）How I wi

10、sh he had not left.(3)要是明天下雨就好了。（說話人已預(yù)料到明天不會(huì)下雨）要是明天下雨就好了。（說話人已預(yù)料到明天不會(huì)下雨）I wish it would rain tomorrow.2. as if /though + clause現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：將來將來 :did /werehad donewould+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形She loves the baby as if it were her own son.He speaks as if he had been to the United States.3.表示表示“建議，命令，要求建議，命令，要求”等意義時(shí)，名

11、詞性從句用等意義時(shí)，名詞性從句用(should) 動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。(1)一堅(jiān)持：一堅(jiān)持：insist(2) 二命令：二命令：order, command(3) 三要求：三要求：request, require, demand (4) 四建議：動(dòng)詞四建議：動(dòng)詞advise, suggest, propose, recommend (名詞名詞advice, suggestion, proposal, recommendation)【注意注意】(1)suggest 意為意為“表明，暗示表明，暗示”時(shí)，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。時(shí)，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。(2)insist 意為意為“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說堅(jiān)

12、持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說”時(shí)，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。時(shí)，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣?！就卣寡由焱卣寡由臁?.The doctor suggested that he (should） be operated on at once.2. His look suggested that he stayed up late yesterday.3.Tom insisted that he was innocent and be set free.4. would rather that現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/將來：將來：過去：過去：過去式過去式過去完成式過去完成式（1）I would rather you paid me now

13、.（2）I would rather you had gone, too.（3）Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.【跟蹤演練跟蹤演練】（1）我真希望你告訴我真相。）我真希望你告訴我真相。 Id rather you told me the truth. （2）我寧愿不再見到你。）我寧愿不再見到你。 Id rather I didnt see you again. （3）我倒希望他們和我一起去。）我倒希望他們和我一起去。 I would rather they went with me.5. Its (about/high) time +th

14、at過去式過去式should +v.我們該去睡覺了。我們該去睡覺了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 6.Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-clause 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即（從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形如：如：It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to com

15、e to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.【高考鏈接高考鏈接】1.(2012北京高考北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it _made of steel.A. is B. were C. has been D. had been【解析解析】選選B?？疾樘摂M語氣。句意：不要把那個(gè)花瓶當(dāng)成是?？疾樘摂M語氣。句意：不要把那個(gè)花瓶當(dāng)成是鋼鐵做的那樣處理。鋼鐵做的那樣處理。as if引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句，從句中用虛擬引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句，從句中用虛擬語氣；與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。在虛語氣；與現(xiàn)在事

16、實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。在虛擬語氣中，常用擬語氣中，常用were代替代替was。2.(2012陜西高考陜西高考)If my car_more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. was B. had been C. should beD. would be【解析解析】選選B?？疾樘摂M語氣。句意：假如我的車再可靠點(diǎn)的。考查虛擬語氣。句意：假如我的車再可靠點(diǎn)的話，去年夏天我就不會(huì)坐飛機(jī)而是自駕去拉薩了。根據(jù)時(shí)間話，去年夏天我就不會(huì)坐飛機(jī)而是自駕去拉薩了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語狀語last s

17、ummer 可知是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。所以可知是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。所以if從句用從句用“had done”，主句用，主句用“would have done”。1. The secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. A.had brought B. should have brought C. brought D. bring2. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse. A.had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tri

18、ed D. didnt try【課堂訓(xùn)練課堂訓(xùn)練】3. He demanded that the laboratory report _ immediately after the experiment was done. A.was written B. be writtenC. must be written D. would be written4. If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A.had known B. would know C. should know D. knew5. I would

19、have come earlier, but I _ that you were waiting for me. A.didnt know B. hadnt known C. would have known D. havent known6. It is really strange that Mary, who is still a college student, _ so early. A.has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marry7. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given8. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _ your birthday party. A.attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended