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1、第九節(jié)第九節(jié) 時時 態(tài)態(tài)中考??紩r態(tài)共八種,做題時先找出句子的關鍵詞,如時間狀語,并根據(jù)時間狀語判斷句子時態(tài)。1.一般現(xiàn)在時2.一般過去時3.現(xiàn)在進行時4.過去進行時5.一般將來時6.現(xiàn)在完成時7.過去將來時8.過去完成時1 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時用法:用法:現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性、習慣性動作或行為;目前的狀態(tài);客觀真理時間狀語:時間狀語:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week / day / year / month, once a week, on Sunday等結構結構:(1) be動詞:am / is / are(2) 行為動詞:主語是第三人稱單
2、數(shù)時,謂語動詞要加-s或-es。2 一般過去時一般過去時用法用法:過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài);過去經(jīng)?;蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作時間狀語時間狀語: ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week / year / night / month, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, long long ago, once upon a time, after two days, at the age of 10等結構結構:(1) be動詞:was / were;(2) 行為動詞用過去式3 現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時用法用法:表示
3、現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作或行為時間狀語時間狀語:now, Look,Listen,It is+時間點等結構結構:am / is / are + doing4 過去進行時過去進行時用法用法:表示過去某一階段或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作時間狀語時間狀語:at four yesterday afternoon, at this time yesterday, at that time, at that moment, then或以when引導且謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語從句等結構結構:was / were + doing5一般將來時一般將來時用法用法:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài);
4、表示打算、計劃或準備做某事時間狀語時間狀語:tomorrow, the next day, next week / month / year, soon, in+將來的年份, in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow, by+將來的時間,in the future等結構結構:(1) am / is / are + going to + 動詞原形;(2) will / shall + 動詞原形6 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時用法用法:到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作(對現(xiàn)在還有影響),或從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)時間狀語時間狀語:already, ever,
5、just, yet, before(單獨放于句末), recently, lately, in the past / last few years, since+過去的時間 / 時間狀語從句,for+一段時間, so far等結構結構:have / has+動詞過去分詞 7 過去將來時過去將來時用法用法:從過去某一時間看將來要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常用于賓語從句中時間狀語時間狀語:the next day / morning, next week / year, the following month / week 等結構結構:(1) was / were + going to +動詞原形;
6、(2) would+動詞原形 8 過去完成時過去完成時用法用法:到過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成的或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或行為,對過去還有影響,或從過去某時開始到另一個過去的時間為止的動作或狀態(tài),即“過去的過去”時間狀語時間狀語:“before+過去的時間 / 時間狀語從句”,“by the end of last year / term / month”, “by + 過去的時間”等結構結構:had+動詞過去分詞動詞時態(tài)的難點突破:動詞時態(tài)的難點突破:1.某些表示感官知覺的動詞,即感官動詞,如 see,hear,find, smell,taste(feel除外)等在表示說話時的感覺時,不用現(xiàn)在進行
7、時,用動詞原形。 有些表示認識、情感的動詞,如love,like,hate,want,need,wish,know,understand,remember,believe,guess,mean,think等,一般也不用現(xiàn)在進行時。2.非持續(xù)性動詞,即瞬間動詞:用現(xiàn)在進行時表示不久即將發(fā)生的動作;用過去進行時表示在過去預料不久即將發(fā)生的動作,如come,go,leave,arrive,return, start, begin, fly等。3.在含有以when, as soon as, if和until引導的狀語從句中,如果主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時,從句的謂語動詞往往用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時,
8、簡稱“主將從現(xiàn)”。如:I will call him when I arrive there.I will return the books to the library as soon as I finish reading them. 4.瞬間動詞可用于完成時態(tài),但不可用于有“for+一段時間”,“since+過去時間”或“since+時間狀語從句”等時間狀語的句子中。如果用于現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時出現(xiàn)for或since引導的時間狀語,瞬間動詞則一定要轉換成延續(xù)性動詞。5.have gone to去了某地(還在某地) have been to曾經(jīng)去過某地(已回) have been in
9、在某地多久了(常與for或since引導的時間狀語連用) 6.It is / has been+一段時間+since + 一般過去時的從句 / 過去的時間,意為“自以來已經(jīng)多久了”。考點精練( ) 1.My father _ the watch for 20 years, but he still wears it. A.has bought B.has had C.bought D.had( ) 2.Jack_ here since ten years ago. A.has arrived B.has been to C.arrived D.has been( ) 3.They will g
10、o for a picnic if it_ tomorrow. A.wont rain B.doesnt rain C.isnt rain D.dont rainBDB( ) 4.When someone knocked at the door, Mr Li _ newspapers at home. A.is reading B.has read C.read D.was reading( ) 5. Do you know when your son is coming back? I dont know when he _ . But if he_ back, Ill tell you.
11、A.return; come B.return; will come C.will return; comes D.will return; will comeDC( ) 6. Can I talk to your headmaster now? Im afraid not. He _ a meeting. A.is having B.has C.have D.was having( ) 7.Great changes _ in China in the past five years. A.took place B.has taken place C.have been taken plac
12、e D.have taken place( ) 8. Why wont you go to see the film with us this evening? Because I _ it twice before. A.have seen B.had seen C.saw D.would seeADA( ) 9. How often _ he _ to see his grandparents ? Once a month. A.did; go B.does; go C.would; go D.has; gone( ) 10. Could you tell me who _ my pen? I think Ben _ . A.takes away; does B.took away; broke C.has taken away; has D.took away; didDB