《北京市北京師范大學(xué)南湖附屬學(xué)校高三英語(yǔ) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣復(fù)習(xí)課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《北京市北京師范大學(xué)南湖附屬學(xué)校高三英語(yǔ) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣復(fù)習(xí)課件（42頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測(cè)推測(cè).Subjunctive Mood 1. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法條件從句條件從句從句謂語(yǔ)形式從句謂語(yǔ)形式主句主句謂語(yǔ)形式謂語(yǔ)形式與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事事實(shí)相反實(shí)相反 與與過(guò)去過(guò)去事事實(shí)相反實(shí)相反 與將來(lái)事與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反實(shí)相反 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(were)should/ would /could/ might+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形had+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞should/ would/ could /might + have+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)

2、去分詞should/ would/ could/ might +動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形1.should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形2.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式3.were to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形If I were you,I should accept the invitation. 如果我是你，我會(huì)接受邀請(qǐng)的。如果我是你，我會(huì)接受邀請(qǐng)的。 If I had time,I would go there. 如果我有空，我就去那兒。如果我有空，我就去那兒。If he were to come, what should we say to him. 假如他來(lái)了假如他來(lái)了, 我們對(duì)他說(shuō)什么呢？我們對(duì)他說(shuō)什么呢？If he

3、 should see me, he would know me. 假如他看見(jiàn)我假如他看見(jiàn)我, 就會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)我。就會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)我。If you had come earlier,you couldn t have missed the bus. 如果你早點(diǎn)來(lái)，你就不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)那輛公共汽車了。如果你早點(diǎn)來(lái)，你就不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)那輛公共汽車了。If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.A: Why dont our grandchild

4、ren visit us more often?B: They dont have enough time. If they _ more time, they _ us more often.2022-2-7A: I wonder why Fred works so hard.B: I dont know. He must like his job.A: If he _ his job, he _ so hard.What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery, I wouldIf I _ a teacher, I.

5、wereIf he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if 條件句中的倒裝條件句中的倒裝如果條件句中有如果條件句中有were,had,should 等助動(dòng)詞，可將等助動(dòng)詞，可將if省略，而把省略，而把were,had或或should置于句首。置于句首。1. Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.2. Had he seen you yesterday

6、, he would have returned your book. If you had listened to me, you _(not be) in such trouble now.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反; ;與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反would not be主句謂語(yǔ)和從句謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生的主句謂語(yǔ)和從句謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生的時(shí)間時(shí)間不同不同, ,分別選用分別選用相應(yīng)相應(yīng)的謂的謂語(yǔ)形式語(yǔ)形式. .1. If he hadnt married Jane, he _ (live) such a happy life now. 2.If I were you, I _ (accept) the pr

7、ize money just now.wouldnt be livingwould have accepted錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句句子不一定有條件從句句子不一定有條件從句, ,只是一只是一介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ), ,但謂語(yǔ)仍然用但謂語(yǔ)仍然用虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣. .Without your help, we could not have completedthe task ahead of time.=If we had not had your help, weBut for his pension, he _ (starve) to death.would starveWithout the

8、 money donated by the warm-heartedpeople, the boy _ from the illness.A.would recover B. could not recoverC. would have recovered D. could not have recovered含蓄條件句含蓄條件句1. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famo

9、us.2. Without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist.3. But for their help, we could not have finished the program in time.3. I was so busy then, otherwise, I would have gone to help him.1. Alice,why didnt you come yesterday? I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B.

10、 would C. was going to D. did2. Without subjunctive, English _ much easier. A. will be B. would have been C. could have been D. would beIf I were a butterfly, I would fly to drink nectar in the most beautiful flowers in the world.If I were a big tree, I would grow so tall that I would touch the sky.

11、But sadly Im not, so I must make the best of life as it is.Finish the following poem!What will you do if it rains tomorrow?真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用陳述語(yǔ)氣。采用陳述語(yǔ)氣。I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形從句的謂語(yǔ)形式式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過(guò)去過(guò)去未來(lái)未來(lái)V. + ed/ (were)had donewould/c

12、ould/should/might +V (原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ ed.2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V. (原原)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。2.wish 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 與將來(lái)與將來(lái) 事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反 過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)（were）had+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形If you

13、saw a falling star, what wishes would you make?I wish I 1. I wish I _ (go) to a university I like next year.2. I wish I _(be) as handsome as Beckham.3.I missed the party last night. How I wish I _ (attend) it!could gowerehad attendedI WISH I I WISH EVERY DAY _ MY BIRTHDAY.THE PARTY WAS TERRIBLE, I W

14、ISH I wish I People are often not satisfied with their present situation.They will express their wishes for a different situation using subjunctive mood.eg. She is not beautiful. She wishes she were beautiful.1. I am too short to play basketball.2. It is a great pity you cant come.3. It is impossibl

15、e for him to visit us next week.4. He cant draw very well.5. I want to go to Paris with you, but I cant.I WISHI wish I wish I wishEndingRequirements（要求）（要求）:Make full use of your imaginative mind Make different situational wishesI wish I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.I wish I were a tr

16、ee and could grow quickly to touch the sky.I wish I were a flower and could show my beauty to everyone.I wish I were a grass and could over the difficulties from the stone. I wish I were a horse and could run wildly in the grassland.I wish I could achieve all my wild dreams.I wish I were a bird so t

17、hat I could fly in the sky freely.I wish I were the sun so that I could light up every corner of the world.I wish I were a fish so that I could swim in the broad see.I wish I were a flower so that I could beautify our environment.I wish I were a star so that I could twinkle and shine in the sky.I wi

18、sh no one judged a person by the clothes he wears.I wish no one dropped out of school for lack of money.I wish everyone on the earth lived in peace without war. I wish everyone made efforts to protect our only earth.I wish our efforts wouldnt be in vain.I wish there were no racial discrimination in

19、the world.But I know only by diligence and perseverance can we realize these dreams.I wish I were a bee. I would collect more honey to give people sweet.I wish I were the sun. I would keep the crops in enough sunshine.I wish I were a star. I would give people light with which people can go home safe

20、ly.I wish I were a kite. I would fly to the sky with childrens dreams.I wish I were a stamp. I would keep two friends in touch forever.I wish I were a cup. I would be held by the person who I love very much.I wish I were a book. I would be popular with who are eager to learn knowledge.But I am just

21、a senior high student. What I should do is try my best to make my school life more colorful. 條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形從句的謂語(yǔ)形式式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過(guò)去過(guò)去未來(lái)未來(lái)V. + ed/ (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ ed.2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V.

22、 (原原)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。1. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.2. Without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist.3. But for their help, we could not have finished

23、 the program in time.3. I was so busy then, otherwise, I would have gone to help him.2.wish 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 與將來(lái)與將來(lái) 事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反 過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)（were）had+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形一個(gè)堅(jiān)持一個(gè)堅(jiān)持 _ 兩個(gè)命令兩個(gè)命令 _ 三個(gè)建議三個(gè)建議 _ 四個(gè)要求四個(gè)要求 _ insist order, command advise, suggest, pr

24、opose demand, require, request, desire order, commandadvice, suggestion, proposaldemand, requirement, request, desire這類詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要使用這類詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要使用should + 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形, 或者將或者將should省略省略。1. The doctors suggestion is that he (shoud) try to lose weight.2. Did he accept the doctors suggestion that he (should

25、) try to lose weight?3. It is suggested that he (should) try to lose weight.4. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight.表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句I would rather you could teach me again.I would rather_. 我寧愿他們明天來(lái)。我寧愿他們明天來(lái)。 The manager would rather that his secretary_.經(jīng)理寧愿他的秘書(shū)代

26、替他去開(kāi)會(huì)。經(jīng)理寧愿他的秘書(shū)代替他去開(kāi)會(huì)。 would rather 后的賓語(yǔ)從句后的賓語(yǔ)從句would rather (that) 從句從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 had+had+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 過(guò)去式過(guò)去式與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 過(guò)去式過(guò)去式they came tomorrowwent to the meeting instead of him以以as if, as though (似乎似乎,仿佛仿佛)引出的方式狀語(yǔ)從句引出的方式狀語(yǔ)從句.如果表示如果表示真實(shí)情況真實(shí)情況應(yīng)該用應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣；如果表示如果表示非真實(shí)情況非真實(shí)情況則應(yīng)該用則應(yīng)

27、該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬式與其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬式與wish后面賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)后面賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬式相同。動(dòng)詞的虛擬式相同。 as if, as though 引導(dǎo)的從句引導(dǎo)的從句1. He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.2. The boy acted as though he had never lived in Canada before. 由由if only （要是（要是，那該多好?。。┮龑?dǎo)的驚嘆句。，那該多好啊?。┮龑?dǎo)的驚嘆句。1. If only I had passed the test ！2. I

28、f only he knew the answer!3. If only I could speak several foreign languages！4. If only you had told me the truth before!5. If only the rain would stop! 動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示目前的愿望，動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示目前的愿望，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的愿望，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的愿望，用用wouldwould或或couldcould表示將來(lái)。表示將來(lái)。 only if 表示表示 “只有只有”。 if only 則表示則表示 “如果如果就好了就好了”。1.

29、I wake up _the alarm clock rings. 只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)醒只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)醒.2. _the alarm clock had rung! 當(dāng)時(shí)鬧鐘響了，就好了。當(dāng)時(shí)鬧鐘響了，就好了。3. _he comes early! 但愿他早點(diǎn)回來(lái)。但愿他早點(diǎn)回來(lái)。 only ifIf onlyIf only比較比較if only與與only if It is (high) time that 后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式過(guò)去式或用或用should加動(dòng)詞原形加動(dòng)詞原形，但，但should不可省略。不可省略。表示表示“到某人該做某事的時(shí)間了到某人該做

30、某事的時(shí)間了”。It is time that the children went to bed.It is high time that the children should go to bed.It is high time that _. 該是我們吃午飯的時(shí)候了。該是我們吃午飯的時(shí)候了。 It is time that _. 該是他作出決定的時(shí)候了。該是他作出決定的時(shí)候了。 It is (high) time that we had our lunchhe made up his mindWould you mind smoking here ？May you be lucky！Lon

31、g live the people of China ！God bless me.虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其它用法虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其它用法條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形從句的謂語(yǔ)形式式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過(guò)去過(guò)去未來(lái)未來(lái)V. + ed/ (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ ed.2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V. (原原)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。